Vol 13 (2024): Материалы XX Международного Бурденковского научного конгресса 18-20 апреля 2024 года

Акушерство и гинекология

A new marker for the development of preeclampsia is an avalanche-like increase in fetal cells in the mother's blood

Arzamastseva A.V., Gabdullina K.I., Khasanov A.A.

Abstract

The purpose of the study was to research cells of trophoblast in the blood of pregnant
women. Materials and methods: The research was done in maternity hospital of Medical University
Clinic. We took sample venous blood from patients with normal pregnancy and from patients with
preeclampsia. The blood was taken from 20 patients since 31 week till 34 week of pregnancy. 10
women were included in the control group. Native smears were prepared and processed in the
Leishman retainer. After smears were stained according Romanovsky-Giemsa. Light microscopy
was performed with increased 1000. Results: there are 10 patients in blood smears were found cells
of trophoblast. In the smears of control group we didn't find them. Conclusion: the cells of
trophoblast are new marker of preeclampsia. We believe that detection cells of trophoblast in the
blood from pregnant women can be used in the fight against high rate of maternal and child
mortality.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):4-5
pages 4-5 views

Effect of COVID-19 coronavirus infection on female reproductive function

Gurkina D.A., Khatuntsev A.V.

Abstract

At present, the discussion of the impact of COVID-19 coronavirus infection, as well as the probable consequences of the disease on the functioning of the reproductive system of women, remains a relevant and not fully studied issue.Objective.To assess the impact and possible consequences of previous COVID-19 infection on the reproductive system of women. Materials and Methods.An online questionnaire was administered to women who had previously been infected with COVID-19.The results were analyzed.Results.As a result of the analysis of the survey results, it should be noted that a large percentage of women noted a violation of menstrual cycle duration, at least one delay in the last year, increased pain during menstruation, uterine bleeding not related to menstruation, changes in the nature of menstrual bleeding.Conclusions. When analyzing the results of the questionnaire, it is impossible not to note the negative impact of the previously transferred coronavirus infection COVID-19 on the menstrual cycle of women. It is necessary to further consider and study in this direction, to further expand the evidence base of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on ovarian tissue.

Keywords: coronavirus infection; COVID-19; menstrual function; reproductive system.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):5-7
pages 5-7 views

The need for pre-contact information for persons planning to become sexually active

Efimova D.A., Mahalova G.O.

Abstract

The average age of sexual debut is currently 16 years. Lack of sex education, early age, refusal of adults to talk with children on this topic are the reasons for the negative consequences of unprotected sexual intercourse not only in adolescence, but also in adulthood. Informing the population about risk factors for human reproductive health is an integral part of preventive work in matters of sex education and the formation of sexual culture in society.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):7-12
pages 7-12 views

Abortion: a modern approach to the diagnosis and treatment of hemostasis defects associated with obstetric pathology

Kazumova A.B., Samburova N.V.

Abstract

In the last decade, more and more studies have reported the presence of congenital thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) in patients suffering from complications of pregnancy and childbirth such as repeated fetal loss, stillbirth, intrauterine growth retardation and preeclampsia. Such pathology requires a special approach in diagnosis and therapy. Upshaw-Shulman syndrome (USS) is a rarely reported congenital form of TTP resulting from mutations in the ADAMTS13 metalloproteinase gene that cleaves von Willebrand factor (vWF). ADAMTS13 deficiency potentiates vascular microthrombosis caused by the retention of ultrahigh molecular weight vWF multimers in the bloodstream. According to recent studies involving pregnant women, the heterogeneity of manifestations has made it difficult to diagnose this pathology. The aim of the study is to analyze the relevance of the diagnosis of the ADAMTS13 genetic defect in Upshaw-Shulman syndrome, to determine the practicality and productivity of technologies used for the treatment of emerging obstetric complications. A review of modern Russian and foreign, mainly English-language, literature on the diagnosis and treatment of congenital TTP, as well as the prevention of concomitant complications of pregnancy and childbirth, was conducted. This review will highlight the main pathogenetic mechanisms of progression of Upshaw-Shulman syndrome, current trends in the management of patients suffering from reproductive insufficiency in association with the syndrome, and characterize modern groups of pharmacological drugs of choice. Pregnancy with Upshaw-Shulman syndrome will become one of the main areas of obstetric development in the coming years, further associative and high-quality research is needed to form the best therapeutic innovations and opportunities in the future.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):12-15
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A clinical case of rupture of angiomyolipoma of the kidney in the early postpartum period

Kuanysh S., Rakhimberlinova A., Iskaliyeva S.

Abstract

Angiomyolipoma is a benign mesenchymal tumor consisting of blood vessels, smooth muscle cells and mature adipose tissue in different proportions [1,2]. The causes of its development are currently not fully clear. There is evidence of a high content of estrogen and progesterone receptors in the tumor [3]. Apparently, this is why angiomyolipoma affects women 2.6–10 times more often, this also explains the rapid growth of the tumor during pregnancy and the high probability of its rupture during this period, and there is no correlation between the size and probability of tumor rupture [3]. We believe that the presence of progesterone receptors in the angiomyolipome is also due to the inability to use progesterone preparations, which are recommended for maintaining pregnancy and are widely prescribed at various gestation periods — the use of these drugs can cause the growth of an undiagnosed tumor.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):15-20
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Analysis of perineal soft tissue injuries in pregnant women with psycho-emotional disorders

Mostovskaya E.A., Kurushina O.V., Burova N.A.

Abstract

The results of neurological testing and a study of the outcomes of childbirth among patients of the "Clinical Maternity Hospital No. 2" are presented. The influence of psycho-neurological stress on the delivery period, type of delivery, soft tissue injuries, blood loss and concomitant diseases has been proven.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):20-21
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Do combined oral contraceptives affect the severity of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea

Mostovskaya E.A., Kurushina O.V., Burova N.A., Nurullina T.N.

Abstract

According to a study of combined oral contraceptives (COCs), when they are used, regardless of the regularity of sexual activity, the level of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea (DM) decreases, and symptoms of high-level anxiety and depressive disorders (DDTS) are less common.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):22-23
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Stronger stress – stronger pain: the effect of emotional disorders on the severity of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea at a young age

Mostovskaya E.A., Kurushina O.V., Burova N.A.

Abstract

The levels of PMS and dysmenorrhea were studied depending on the symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders: distress, depression, anxiety and somatization (DDTS). The relationship between the increased symptoms of PMS and dysmenorrhea and an increase in DDTS indicators has been determined.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):23-24
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Pharmacotherapy of algodismenorrhea in premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea, aggravated by neuropsychiatric disorders

Mostovskaya E.A., Kurushina O.V., Burova N.A., Nurullina T.N.

Abstract

According to the study, analgesics used to relieve premenstrual syndrome (PMS) and dysmenorrhea (DM) against the background of symptoms of anxiety and depressive disorders (DDTS) are most often used metamizole sodium+pitefenone+fepiverinium bromide, drotaverine+caffeine+naproxen+paracetamol+pheniramine, drotaverine, ibuprofen and nimesulide.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):24-25
pages 24-25 views

Pathological features of the placenta in intrapartum fetal death

Rubtsova A.S., Ivanova O.Y.

Abstract

Introduction.  Intrapartum fetal death occupies a special place in the structure of stillbirth. Despite the current level of medical development, most of the causes of fetal death remain unexplained. The goal of this study was to analyze the morphological structure of the placenta during pregnancy complicated by intrapartum fetal death. Materials and methods. We analyzed 136 cases of intrapartum fetal death of women treated at obstetric and gynecological hospitals in the Kursk region for the period 2021-2022. The women were divided into groups according to the gestation period. We performed a morphological examination of the placenta in the postpartum period. Statistical correlation was performed by using the Spearman coefficient in the SPSS Statistics program. Results. The features of the morphological structure of the placenta in accordance with the period of antenatal death were revealed. Earlier fetal death was associated with less pronounced compensatory reactions of the placenta and the presence of acute placental insufficiency. Conclusions. Findings on the etiology of stillbirth can be obtained by examining the morphological structure of the placenta and used in the development of preventive measures for the management of pregnancies with a high risk of intrapartum fetal death.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):26-27
pages 26-27 views

Assisted reproductive technologies

Rudenko A.V., Noskova O.V.

Abstract

The purpose of the study is to analyze the effectiveness of new assisted reproductive technologies necessary to achieve pregnancy in women facing infertility problems.

Materials and methods consist of an analysis of the experience of leading domestic and foreign experts in the field of reproductive technologies. The use of the NGS genetic testing method makes it possible to simultaneously determine aneuploidies and unbalanced chromosomal pathologies of the embryo. The use of preimplantation genetic testing of structural rearrangements (PGT-SP) makes it possible to effectively exclude the presence of chromosomal pathology in embryos of patients with karyotype aberrations.

Conclusions. The effectiveness of therapy methods in preparing patients for assisted reproductive technologies depends on the individual characteristics of the patients.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):27-31
pages 27-31 views

Clinical experience of using organ-preserving surgery for placenta accreta in a patient with monochorionic diamniotic twins

Saenko J.S., Polishchuk V.V., Mogorovskaya A.V., Lyashenko E.N.

Abstract

Introduction. The main reason why researchers and practitioners are interested in such an anomaly as placenta accreta is the risk of massive postpartum hemorrhage due to the inability to separate the placenta, which has grown into the uterine wall. A hysterectomy is often required to correct this bleeding. Placenta accreta also increases the risk of pelvic organ damage, coagulopathy, and maternal and perinatal mortality. Aim. Study of a clinical case of a patient with monochorionic diamniotic twins and placenta accreta, as well as methods of delivery. Materials and methods. The successful clinical experience of organ-preserving surgical treatment of placenta accreta carried out at the Perinatal Center in Simferopol, excluding the stage of bottom caesarean section, is presented. Results. Pregnant N., hospitalized in the department of pathology of pregnant women of the Perinatal Center in Simferopol due to the development of placental dysfunction (3rd degree of disturbance of placental circulation (combined disturbance of utero-placental and fetal-placental blood flow)). Observation and treatment were carried out for 20 days in the conditions of the pregnancy pathology department of the Perinatal Center in Simferopol. Taking into account the CTG conclusion (deceleration in the 2nd fetus up to 60 beats/min), the ultrasound conclusion (impaired blood flow grade 1B in the 1st fetus, impaired blood flow grade 3 (critical) in the 2nd fetus with reverse venous blood flow), as well as antenatal distress of both fetuses , the decision was made to complete the birth by emergency caesarean section at 31 weeks and 4 days. Pfannenstiel laparotomy, corporal cesarean section, metroplasty, and surgical sterilization were performed at the patient's request. Two female fetuses were recovered. Due to prematurity, the children were transferred to the pediatric intensive care unit. The mother and children were discharged on the 7th day after surgery in satisfactory condition. Conclusions. Our example proves the possibility of successfully performing organ-preserving surgery - metroplasty - in a pregnant woman with monochorionic diamniotic twins and placenta accreta.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):31-35
pages 31-35 views

Анатомия человека

Features of papillary patterns of the palmar surface of the nail phalanges of the brush, depending on gender

Gadzhievna K.A., Beletskaya A.M., Gorbacheva E.A., Dovgyallo Y.V.

Abstract

The study of the relationship between the features of the ridge patterns of fingers and gender has been of interest to scientists for a long time, however, the works found in the available literature are few, and the results presented in them differ. The aim of the study was to study the characteristics of papillary patterns of the palmar surface of the nail phalanges of the hand, depending on gender. In accordance with the purpose of the work, images of papillary patterns of the palmar surface of the distal phalanges of ten fingers of 72 subjects of both sexes aged 18-22 years were obtained. The type of pattern, the delta index, the comb count of each finger of both hands, the total comb count separately for the right and left hands, and the Volotsky index were determined. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the licensed StstMed program. In this work, some qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the patterns of the ridge skin of the fingers, depending on gender, are established. In the course of the work, no statistically significant differences were found between some quantitative characteristics of the papillary patterns of the palmar surface of the nail phalanges of the fingers of the hand in representatives of different sexes.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):36-37
pages 36-37 views

Variant anatomy of the terminal sections of the common bile and main (Virsung) ducts of the pancreas

Provalskaya A.Y., Konopelko G.E.

Abstract

Currently, new approaches and methods of surgical treatment of diseases of the pancreas are rapidly developing, and therefore knowledge of the variant anatomy of its main ducts is of great practical importance. Goal. To study the variant anatomy of the end sections of the OGP and the main (Virsung) ducts of the pancreas, to analyze the data obtained by gender and age. Materials and methods. Variants of the topography of the common bile duct and main duct, their age and sexual characteristics were studied on 27 anatomical preparations and 125 MRI scans of the pancreas. Results. We measured the diameter of the Virsung duct in the head of the pancreas, the diameter of the common bile duct at the entrance to the pancreas and near the ampoule and the length of its pancreatic section, and also measured the angle between the common bile duct and the Virsung duct before connecting them into the ampoule. The data obtained in different age groups of men and women were compared. Anatomical preparations revealed two variants of atypical relationships of ducts in the head of the pancreas. Conclusions. The length of the intra-pancreatic part and the diameter of the common bile duct at the entrance to the pancreas were larger in men. The diameter of the Virsung duct and the diameter of the common bile duct at the confluence into the ampoule were more often larger in women. An increase in the diameter of the common bile duct was observed with age in both sexes.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):37-42
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Changes in the topography of organs and walls of the pelvis and abdominal cavity in advanced ovarian cancer

Khabarova S.S., Samokhina V.S., Chernykh A.V., Popova M.P., Voronina L.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. Ovarian cancer reaches 46% and ranks 7th in terms of prevalence. The high incidence of late detection of ovarian cancer is reflected in the topographic and anatomical features of the grate and, in particular, small pelvic organs.

The goal of this study is to study changes in the topographic anatomy of the abdominal and pelvic cavities in advanced ovarian cancer.

Materials and methods. We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records of 45 women of different age groups with established advanced forms of ovarian cancer stages III and IV. During the study, we conducted a clinical analysis of the relationship of tumor tissue to neighboring organs and the walls of the pelvis.

Results: The most common anatomical changes were the posterior Douglas pouch, small and large intestine. Often, the process involved the ligaments that provide the fixing apparatus of the uterus and the rectosigmoid part of the large intestine. Less commonly, the diaphragm, mesentery of the small intestine, liver and bladder were involved in the adhesive process.

Conclusion: After a retrospective analysis, it was found that advanced ovarian cancer is a truly serious cause of changes in the topography of the abdominal and pelvic organs. As a result, entry into the abdominal cavity and pelvis is difficult, and surgical teams are faced with serious technical difficulties, which increases the volume of the operation and the time spent on it.

Key words: ovarian cancer; metastasis; germination; pelvic topography

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):43-45
pages 43-45 views

Биохимия и клинико-лабораторная диагностика

Progress over the past 20 years in the score and score2 scales for assessing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Evaluation of the effectiveness of score 2 in determining the overall cardiovascular risk.

Aseev A.V., Khochenkov A., Dugusheva V.A.

Abstract

Approximately 50% of deaths are attributed to cardiovascular diseases both in Europe and in the Russian Federation, where over 1 million people die annually, which is 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than in Western countries. For example, at present, about 40 million hypertensive patients have an increased risk of developing cardiovascular complications due to the unattainable effective control of blood pressure, as there is a known correlation between risk groups and the frequency of cardiovascular diseases. It has been found that the lowest level of this risk is observed in the age group from 20 to 29 years, increasing by 20% in the age group from 40 to 49 years and almost 30% in the age group from 50 to 59 years. This same dynamics of cardiovascular diseases is also influenced by smoking among patients and the presence of comorbidity, which includes the presence of atherosclerosis with concomitant hypercholesterolemia, diabetes mellitus, obesity, the aforementioned arterial hypertension, history of strokes and heart attacks, etc. Preventive direction becomes a dominant trend in cardiology and medicine as a whole. Based on these data, there was a need to create a method that could assess the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):46-49
pages 46-49 views

Identification of the risk of metabolic syndrome in students of 1-4 courses of the Faculty of Medicine

Bykova S.A., Ukolova M.Y., Bakutina Y.Y.

Abstract

Introduction. Metabolic syndrome is a change associated with a violation of carbohydrate and fat metabolism. At the same time, there is a high risk of cardiovascular diseases, as well as type 2 diabetes, along with visceral obesity and dyslipidemia. Goal. To determine the risk of this syndrome among students of the Faculty of Medicine who are students of the first four courses, as well as to find out which risk factors are most common. Materials and methods of research. To conduct the study, the questionnaire method in the Yandex Forms application was used, as well as statistical processing of the data obtained using the MS Exel 2010 software package. Results. A third of the respondents were found to be at risk of developing metabolic syndrome, and three people were found to have metabolic syndrome. The students with the confirmed diagnosis had a burdened family history and an unhealthy lifestyle. Conclusion. Bad habits, excessive consumption of high-calorie food, sedentary.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):49-51
pages 49-51 views

Влияние факторов внешней среды на здоровье человека

Hygienic assessment of artificial lighting in lecture halls of the Burdenko State State Medical University

Borodkina L.V., Fertikova T.E.

Abstract

Introduction. The topic of hygienic assessment of artificial illumination in lecture halls of N.N. Burdenko VSMU is an important part of the educational process. Illumination primarily affects the understanding, reproduction and learning of educational material. The goal. To study the level of artificial illumination of lecture halls and to determine its influence on students' health. Materials and methods. The indices of artificial illumination in lecture halls were measured with the help of luxmeter and compared with the norm indicators. A survey of 100 students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU studying at the medical, pediatric, dental and medical-preventive faculties was carried out. Results of the study. The data on the level of artificial illumination of lecture rooms of the University, on subjective characterization of illumination by students were obtained. The best lecture auditorium was named. Conclusions. The most illuminated is 501 auditorium. The least compliant is 502 auditorium - 108-178 lux with a norm of 300 lux. According to the students, the best lecture room was chosen as the Central Medical Auditorium where the illumination exceeds 300 Lx.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):52-54
pages 52-54 views

The COVID-19 pandemic and the consequences of its impact on men’s reproductive health

Bubnova A.M., Starynina D.В., Rozhnova T.M.

Abstract

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on population health. Despite the large amount of research on this problem, a number of open questions remain, including those related to male reproductive health. The presented thesis briefly summarizes the data on the impact of COVID-19 on male reproductive function. Male infertility is not only a medical and biological problem, but also a social issue that requires modern solutions, as well as special attention when married couples are planning the birth of a child. The goal of this study is to review the mechanisms and prognostic significance of the effect of COVID-19 on the male reproductive system. Materials and methods. Keyword searches were carried out in the following databases: PubMed, MEDLINE and elibrary. The thesis included studies reflecting the impact of COVID-19 factors on male reproductive health. Results. The main symptom of COVID-19 is an increase in body temperature, which, according to research, significantly escalates sperm aneuploid. As a result, it has an adverse effect on spermatogenesis and causes sperm DNA breakage. COVID-19 also causes oxidative stress, during which the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) rises, causing lipid peroxidation in the sperm membrane. The effect described above can induce apoptosis, disrupt the differentiation of spermatogenic cells and the course of steroidogenesis. Temperature and oxidative stress are interrelated processes, since the first provokes the occurrence and may even enhance the second one. Temperature, by provoking oxidative stress, potentially affects the level of heavy metals involved in redox cycles, where free radicals are formed. Knowing the points of application of the pathogenetic mechanisms that was described above, a field is created for further applied research and the development of therapeutic strategies and measures for the prevention of disorders of male reproductive function.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):55-56
pages 55-56 views

Spread of tick-borne infections on the territory of Voronezh region for the period from 2017 to 2019

Bulgakova M.M., Mamchik N.P., Yatsenko L.A.

Abstract

Introduction. An increase in natural focal diseases is observed in the Voronezh region. It is very important to timely monitor tick-borne infections and organize preventive measures to reduce the number of vectors. Target. Study of the prevalence of tick-borne infections and tick infection rates for 2017-2019. Materials and methods. general scientific, hygienic, epidemiological. Results: A total of 3,157 citizens (4.51 per 10,000 population) applied with suspected tick bite. The number of requests increased from 3.13 in 2017 to 6.41 in 2019. Analyzing the appeal rate, adults are in the lead - 65.58%. The largest share belongs to citizens from 25 to 44 years old - 33.54%. The areas with the largest number of requests were identified: Ramonsky, Ostrogozhsky, Ternovsky, Novousmansky and Semiluksky (20.24; 17.71; 13.92; 13.24 and 10.13, respectively). Lyme disease is a priority nosological unit in the structure of natural focal diseases in the region (0.53 per 10 thousand population). Most often, registration of the disease is observed in residents of Ternovsky, Anninsky, Ramonsky, Verkhnekhava and Podgorensky districts (1.3; 1.19; 1.18; 0.6 and 0.61, respectively). Areas with a high level of tick infection include: Novousmansky (31.72%), Semiluksky (25.43%), Ramonsky (25.33%), Ostrogozhsky (24.62%) and Borisoglebsky (23.69%). The area of anti-tick treatments has been increased by 1.4 times. Work is being carried out with the population on individual prevention measures. Conclusions. Having analyzed the results obtained, it was noted that in the Voronezh region there is a constant threat of intensification of epizootics and the epidemic process of natural focal diseases transmitted by ticks.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):56-59
pages 56-59 views

Classroom microclimate and its impact on students' adaptation

Golovko I.I., Ramazanova K.M., Ferticova T.E.

Abstract

Introduction. Student years of a future doctor are the time when he/she acquires fundamental knowledge of basic medical disciplines. However, a student's stay in an uncomfortable learning environment can cause overstrain of adaptation mechanisms, which is a factor of decreased performance and stress development. The concept of uncomfortable environment includes the discrepancy of microclimate parameters with hygienic requirements. The goal. Hygienic assessment of microclimate of classrooms and determination of its influence on the adaptation potential of students.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):59-61
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The attitude of students of VSMU named after N. N. Burdenko of oral hygiene

Ivanishchev G.Y., Alexander A.Y., Lobzhanidze A.H., Komissarova O.V., Khatuaev R.O.

Abstract

Introduction. Within the framework of modern medical education, preventive measures and maintaining optimal oral health occupy a key place. This issue remains relevant among medical university students in the context of training qualified medical professionals. The goal of this study is the attitudes of students from various faculties of the Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko towards individual oral hygiene. Materials and Methods. The study included a survey of 225 students from the medical, pediatric, preventive medicine faculties, and students from the Institute of Dentistry of VSMU named after N.N. Burdenko on a range of issues: from the frequency of dental visits to preferences in toothpastes and teeth whitening methods. Results. Most students adhere to the recommendation to brush their teeth twice a day. However, the use of additional means, such as dental floss and mouthwashes, is not as widespread. There are differences among faculties in the frequency of dental visits, with the highest regularity observed among students of the dental faculty. Teeth whitening products are not popular, indicating a preference for natural care. Preferences in toothpaste vary, but most students choose pastes with whitening effects or for sensitive teeth, emphasizing the importance of specialized care. Conclusions. Thus, the study results reflect not only the current state of hygiene habits among medical university students but also their readiness to take responsibility for their own health, which is an important aspect of their future professional activity.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):61-64
pages 61-64 views

Hygienic problems of the influence of electronic devices on students' eyesight

Ionova A.S., Skrebneva A.V.

Abstract

The impact of electronic devices on human life is being studied more and more intensively every year. This is due to the rapid progress and intensive use of gadgets in modern society. The use of electronic devices brings not only development into our lives, but also deterioration in our health. Goal. To study the features of the use of various electronic devices among medical students and the preventive measures they apply when working with these devices. Materials and methods. A sociological survey was conducted using «YANDEX.FORMS», in which it was found out which electronic device students spend their time more often and for what duration, how often they perform preventive measures and how high-quality their sleep is. Results. 548 medical students studying at various courses and faculties of the Burdenko State Medical University were interviewed. The average age of the respondents was 18.4±0.4 years. The most common device among students is a mobile phone – 53% of the respondents. 73.4% of students noted that they perform physical training pauses and eye exercises while using gadgets. Conclusion. Half of the respondents have disorders in the organ of the visual apparatus and are currently aggravated by frequent and prolonged use of electronic devices, irrational sleep and rest patterns and non-compliance with hygiene rules.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):64-66
pages 64-66 views

Assessment of the manifestations of the measles epidemic process in Voronezh region for 1940-2023

Pobezhimova M.A., Gabbasova N.V., Yatsenko L.A.

Abstract

Relevance. Currently, immunoprophylaxis is of great importance for combating the epidemic process associated with vaccine-preventable infectious diseases. Despite the presence of actively used vaccines and the inclusion of most of these infections in the national calendar of preventive vaccinations, measles, as one of them, does not lose its importance.

The goal. To study the manifestations of the measles epidemic process in the Voronezh region for the period 1940 - the first half of 2023.

Materials and methods: general scientific, epidemiological.

Results. After the introduction of mass immunization, the incidence of measles decreased significantly and was predominantly sporadic. However, from 2011 to June 2023, the incidence increased from 0.27 cases (CI 0.06-0.48) to 0.31 cases (CI 0.08-0.54) per 100 thousand population. The highest average annual growth rate was observed in 2014 (658.82%), 2018 (425.00%), 2012 (395.59%) and 2019 (228.57%), while the highest rate of decline was in 2020 (-100 .00%), 2015 (-89.92%), 2013 (-87.22%), 2016 (69.23%). The largest proportion of cases were children and males. During the study period, 61 outbreaks (104 cases) of measles were registered.

Conclusion. The incidence of measles over the last thirteen years had an uneven distribution and was characterized by a pronounced upward trend, which is due to the prevalence in the structure of persons with an unknown vaccination history (45.19%) and unvaccinated (39.42%).

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):66-69
pages 66-69 views

Vitamins in the Modern World: Knowledge, Practices, Influence of Information Resources, and Advertising on Consumption and Choice

Prishchepa Y.Y., Nenakhov I.G., Poddubko A.A., Stepkin Y.I.

Abstract

Abstract: The study evaluates the influence of awareness and knowledge levels regarding vitamins on the practice of consuming vitamins and their complexes among different age groups of the population. Research methods included voluntary anonymous surveying of 204 individuals both in pharmacies and online. The results indicate insufficient public awareness about the rational consumption of vitamins and the potential negative consequences of incorrect selection or excessive consumption. Among respondents in the age group of 19-26 years, only 35 out of 107 had their blood tested for vitamin levels, with 60 individuals being unaware of such a procedure, and 15 respondents considering it expensive. Eleven individuals prefer consuming vitamins in the form of medicinal preparations, attributing it to insufficient dietary balance. One hundred twelve individuals preferred combining medicinal preparations with natural juices, vegetables, and fruits. The scientific work emphasizes the necessity for more effective advertising, taking into account the real needs and scientifically proven facts about vitamins, to reduce the likelihood of incorrect consumption or product selection.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):70-74
pages 70-74 views

The relationship of stress, anxiety and depression among students VSMU named after N.N. Burdenko

Sviridkin P.A., Terekhova A.E., Komissarova O.V., Khatuaev R.O.

Abstract

Introduction. Academic stress due to an overabundance of information in the educational environment is a fairly relevant topic among those involved in the field of education. The goal is to study stress, anxiety and depression for the relationship between these conditions. Materials and methods. 987 students participated in the study. The stress level was determined using the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10) and the Kessler Scale of psychological distress (K10). The assessment of the level of anxiety and depression was carried out using the scale of depression, anxiety and stress (Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-21, DASS-21) by S. Lovibond and P. Lovibond. The statistical analysis was carried out using the StatTech v. program. 4.1.0 (developer – Stattech LLC, Russia). Results. Positive correlations between stressful, anxious and depressive states have been revealed. Conclusions. The higher a person's stress level, the higher the degree of progression of anxiety and depression. Therefore, it is necessary to take measures to prevent stress conditions in order to avoid the development of anxiety and depression in students and improve the quality of the educational process.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):75-77
pages 75-77 views

The analysis of the proximal femur fracture among people over 60 years of age on the example of the Voronezh City Clinical Hospital of emergency medical care No. 10 in the period from October 2021 to October 2023

Sidnina I.S., Samodurova N.Y.

Abstract

Introduction. Elderly and senile persons are at high risk of fractures of the proximal femur. Fractures of the proximal femur lead to accelerated loss of physical and cognitive functions and create a need for additional help and care. Fractures of the proximal femur have a significant impact on the family and society from an economic point of view. The costs associated with falls and their consequences are a significant item of expenditure in the health sector worldwide and continue to grow. The goal of the study was an epidemiological analysis of fractures of the proximal femur among people over 60 years of age using the example of the Voronezh City Clinical Hospital of emergency medical care No. 10. The materials and methods of the study were data from accounting and reporting forms on nosology S72.0-72.2 of the book in the Voronezh City Clinical Hospital of emergency medical care No. 10, a search for literary sources on the subject was performed. Results. The peaks of morbidity by month were identified; the most significant risk groups for fractures of the proximal femur were identified; the most frequent outcomes of the disease were determined. Conclusions. Due to the high importance of this nosology for the elderly and senile, it is necessary to raise awareness and unite the forces of the population, employees of medical organizations and social services in the prevention of fractures of the proximal femur.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):77-81
pages 77-81 views

Using cluster analysis methods to adapt specialists to professional activities in the testing laboratory center

Trufanova S.D., Nenakhov I.G.

Abstract

The study aims to determine the main factors influencing the adaptation processes of personnel in the testing laboratory center of the Federal Budgetary Institution "Center for Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Voronezh Region". Analysis methods include hierarchical cluster analysis to assess the level of employee engagement in hygiene and motivational factors, as well as proposing preventive measures to improve motivation and maintain employee health. The research results indicate that for specialists with a hygiene profile, key factors are interpersonal relationships, working conditions, and safety, while for specialists with an epidemiological profile, reward and interpersonal relationships are important. Additionally, the age structure of employees also influences their priorities and interests, as evidenced by the identification of various factors depending on age category. These results can be used for more effective personnel management and creating conditions conducive to their adaptation and professional development.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):81-84
pages 81-84 views

Epidemiological analysis of serological studies for tick-borne borreliosis

Trufanova S.D., Myalkina S.A., Yatsenko L.A., Mamchik N.P.

Abstract

Introduction. Infectious tick-borne borreliosis is a natural focal disease caused by Borrelia and characterized by multisystem damage, a tendency to chronic and recurrent course. Lyme disease is characterized by widespread prevalence in the Russian Federation, as well as high susceptibility of people. Purpose. To analyze the incidence of borreliosis and serological data from people who sought medical help after a tick bite. Materials and methods. A six-year retrospective analysis of the incidence of borreliosis and referrals for tick bites was carried out using registration forms No. 2 for 2017-2022. and according to laboratory data. Results. The highest rate of appeals from the population regarding tick bites was registered in Ternovsky, Bogucharsky and Ostrogozhsky districts; in 3 administrative territories no complaints were registered (Nizhnedevitsky, Petropavlovsky, Kashirsky). The incidence of tick-borne borreliosis in the region over 6 years was 0.64 per 10 thousand population, exceeding the long-term average for the Russian Federation by 1.8 times. The proportion of positive samples from the total number of tested blood serum samples was 4.56±0.65%, IgM and IgG were determined in the summer months. Conclusions. The number of visits from the population regarding tick bites tends to decrease; the incidence of Lyme disease exceeds the Russian average. The largest proportion of positive tests for borreliosis in relation to the number of people who applied for tick bites was registered among residents of Bobrovsky, Verkhnekhavasky and Ternovsky districts. Areas have been identified where there is no registration of cases of tick attacks, as well as areas where there are no positive results of serological studies.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):85-87
pages 85-87 views

Gender characteristics of body composition indicators of medical university students according to bioimpedance analysis in the context of adherence to a healthy lifestyle

Ulyanova A.V., Nenakhov I.G., Ulyanov I.A., Stepkin Y.I.

Abstract

Introduction. The study of the relationship between students' lifestyle and their body composition is a significant area of research, as it contributes to a deep understanding of the impact of nutrition on the health and overall well-being of young people. The purpose of this study is to assess the gender-specific lifestyle of first-year students and their impact on some indicators of bioimpedance. Materials and methods. In this study, the results of a survey of 116 first-year students of the Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. were evaluated. Burdenko in order to identify gender differences in lifestyle and their relationship with bioimpedance indicators. Results. In the women's group, a significant proportion of students (49%) adhere to three main meals, 46% exercise regularly, and 70% consume 1.5 liters of water or more per day. In the male group, the situation did not have statistically significant differences: 48% of students follow three meals a day, 48% exercise, and 67% consume enough water. The analysis of self-assessment and body mass index did not reveal statistically significant differences between the groups. In men, the average percentage of total fat was 27% less than in women, while the percentage of visceral fat in men was 27% higher compared to women. Conclusions. These results highlight the importance of taking gender differences into account when designing healthy lifestyle programs for young people.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):87-89
pages 87-89 views

Analysis of lung cancer incidence in the Russian Federation

Urazmetova K.I., Timofeeva M.O., Varentsov V.E.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. Lung cancer (LC) is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer and in 2020 was the leading cause of cancer death. Specifically, lung cancer accounts for 2.2 million (11%) new cancer cases worldwide and 1.8 million (18%) deaths. Lung cancer prevention plays a key role in controlling the disease. Raising public awareness of lung cancer, changing their behavior, habits, timely diagnostic examinations can help to reduce morbidity and mortality from this disease. Objective. To analyze the data of LC morbidity among the population in the territory of the Russian Federation for the period from 2011 to 2021. Materials and methods. Materials of domestic and foreign available literature mainly for the last 10 years. Results. As a result of the analysis of the dynamics of lung cancer incidence rates among the population of the Russian Federation, a tendency to a slight increase in the rates was established (the increase amounted to 0.6%). It is worth noting that this disease became more frequent in women, there was a 22% increase in the incidence rate in "rough indicators".

As a result of analyzing the dynamics of mortality rates of the population of the Russian Federation from lung cancer, a trend towards a decrease in mortality by 6% was established. However, the mortality of women from malignancy increased by 9%. Conclusions. Analysis of the dynamics of lung cancer morbidity in the Russian Federation for the period from 2011 to 2021 allows us to note a tendency to a slight increase in the indicators. Population awareness of this disease, as well as timely detection of the disease can lead to a decrease in morbidity and mortality from cancer.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):89-92
pages 89-92 views

Analysis of medical students' awareness of the causes and prevention of scoliosis

Fedotova E.I., Kanatnikova E.A., Skrebneva A.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The article deals with the etiology and prevention of scoliosis. According to various data, about 1% of the population is affected by scoliosis. There are many changes in the body affected by scoliosis, while it is not known whether this is the cause or consequence of this disease. Goal. To analyze the level of knowledge of medical students about the causes and prevention of scoliosis. Materials and methods. A survey of 308 medical students of various courses was conducted in the work. The average age of the respondents was 19.4±0.4 years. The study was a one-time study, the sample size was not calculated beforehand. The paper highlighted the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results. The study showed that 95% of respondents have an idea about scoliosis, about the factors that increase the risk of its development. About 50% had their spine examined, as a result, 40% of them were diagnosed with scoliosis. Almost 50% of the study participants do not carry out primary prevention of scoliosis. Conclusions. Sufficient awareness of students about risk factors and prevention of scoliosis does not affect the formation of healthy lifestyle principles in them. It is necessary to strengthen measures on the problems of hygienic education of students on scoliosis.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):92-94
pages 92-94 views

Health and anxiety research 2nd Paediatric Faculty Students

Furgalova P.A., Shalygina A.A., Libina I.I.

Abstract

Abstract. The topic of performance and anxiety is relevant among medical students, since their school day is not always standardized. In most cases, they refuse sleep in order to have time to learn the material, or go to bed late. All this affects compliance with the work and rest regime, which, if violated, does not provide full functional activity to the body. Because of this, the nervous system is overloaded, which causes a decrease in the level of performance and increased anxiety. This article offers a review of the research conducted and an analysis of its results during the study and examination periods. Target. To assess the performance and level of anxiety among 2nd year students of the Faculty of Pediatrics before and during the session. Materials and methods. The research materials used were the Spielberger questionnaire (adapted by Yu. L. Khanin), which assessed the level of reactive and personal anxiety, as well as a questionnaire assessing the level of performance. After completion of the study, an analysis of the results was carried out, recommendations were made in order to improve the performance of students and reduce anxiety during the session. Results. The study found that most students during the academic semester have a low or average level of performance and an average or high level of anxiety, and during the examination period these indicators worsen, which affects the effectiveness of preparation for exams and the emotional state of students. Conclusions. The identified level of performance among 2nd year students of the Faculty of Pediatrics showed that for the majority of respondents it was low or average. High performance is revealed only at the beginning of the semester. The results of the Spielberger questionnaire showed a fairly high level of anxiety, not only during the exam period, but also during the normal educational process.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):94-96
pages 94-96 views

Внутренние болезни

Analysis of the dynamics of sarcoidosis of the respiratory organs in young patients

Kozaderova A.O., Karpukhina E.P.

Abstract

Introduction. In modern conditions, both morphological and clinical aspects of the pathomorphosis of second-degree lung sarcoidosis in young people make it difficult to diagnose and detect it in a timely manner. The frequency of detection of this disease increased among the population after humanity suffered the covid-19 epidemic, and therefore this autoimmune disease of unknown etiology needs further in-depth study. The goal of this study is to evaluate the dynamics of second degree lung sarcoidosis in patients of a separate age group in order to analyze the effectiveness of treatment with α-tocopherol drugs and the predisposition of the young body to remission. Materials and methods. The data on the activity of serum angiotensin-converting enzyme were collected, processed and analyzed to establish the presence of an acute degree of the disease, as well as a comparative analysis of the results of computed tomograms of mediastinal organs in sixteen studied patients, in accordance with the accuracy of the experiment according to the method by K. A. Otdelnova. Results. It was revealed that over time, after appropriate treatment, in young patients with lung sarcoidosis, the number of foci of inflammation in the pulmonary parenchyma significantly decreased, and the acute phase of the disease naturally turned into a chronic one. Conclusions. The positive dynamics of the disease has been established in people who do not have pronounced symptomatic manifestations of the disease and have been taking alpha-tocopherol drugs for a long time.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):97-101
pages 97-101 views

Awareness of students of Astrakhan State Medical University about prevention of arterial hypertension

Krivonosova E.I., Demidova L.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The first place among the causes of overall mortality in Russia since 1972 is occupied by diseases of the cardiovascular system. Arterial hypertension is one of the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, which in Russia occurs in 39.7% of the population. Awareness of patients with arterial hypertension about the presence of the disease in the country is 81.1%. The goal of this study is to identify students' awareness of the need to prevent arterial hypertension. Materials and methods. Research of literary sources, research of Internet resources, creation of questionnaires for students, analysis of survey results. Results. As part of the work, a survey was conducted among 68 students of the Astrakhan State Medical University, aged from 18 to 27 years, on students' awareness of the need to prevent arterial hypertension. Normal blood pressure, according to students, is 120/80 mm Hg. Blood pressure levels are affected by age, stress, heredity, concomitant diseases and lifestyle. Prevention of arterial hypertension includes physical activity during the day, walking in the fresh air and reducing stress factors. Conclusions. Thus, it was found that students were aware of arterial hypertension. Most of the students surveyed believe that this is a planned prevention of arterial hypertension, for which it is necessary to maintain physical activity, promptly treat concomitant diseases and take walks in the fresh air.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):102-103
pages 102-103 views

Cardiorenal Syndrome in Individuals with Ischemic Heart Disease

Marchik D.A., Druyan L.I.

Abstract

Introduction. Cardiorenal syndrome is a relatively new clinical concept. Research on this syndrome is highly relevant due to its widespread prevalence. The existence of the cardiorenal continuum links the dysfunction of the heart and kidneys. Objective. To identify the presence of cardiorenal syndrome in the studied patients. Materials and Methods. This study analyzed the medical records of inpatients in the cardiology department of the Gomel City Clinical Hospital No. 2. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Indicators of the functional state of the kidneys and the cardiovascular system were analyzed. Statistical analysis of the data was carried out using the "Microsoft Excel 2010" and "STATISTICA 10.0" programs ("StatSoft, Inc"). Results. The appearance of microalbuminuria was noted only in the 3rd group. An assessment of cardiovascular risk was conducted in patients with chronic kidney disease. Statistically significant differences in the studied indicators were found in patients of the 1st and 3rd groups regarding urea (p=0.030), AST (p=0.009), ESR (p=0.011), and CRP (p=0.018). A moderate positive correlation was found between systolic blood pressure and creatine kinase-MB (r=0.50; p=0.05) in patients of the 2nd group, and a high positive correlation between the same indicators (r=0.77; p=0.05) in patients of the 3rd group. Conclusions. Patients with ischemic heart disease and arterial hypertension showed a decrease in glomerular filtration rate, urine density, microalbuminuria, an increase in the concentration of creatinine and urea, indicating the presence of cardiorenal syndrome. According to our data, the greatest severity of this syndrome was observed in patients with arterial hypertension and myocardial infarction.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):103-107
pages 103-107 views

Integrated approach in the treatment of endocrine diseases

Polyakov N., Dmitriev S.E.

Abstract

Introduction. Any disease should be considered not as a suffering of one particular organ, but as a problem of the whole organism. When treating a patient, it is necessary to use an integrated approach. Complex medicine is not concerned with the treatment of symptoms, but with the prevention and identification of the true causes of human ailments, as well as the prevention of diseases of various origins. Goal. to study and identify the main advantages of an integrated approach over the traditional one in the treatment of endocrine diseases (using the example of thyroid diseases).Materials and methods. Study of scientific literature, collection of information, consultation with an endocrinologist, a gastroenterologist. Observation, analysis, and systematization of the data obtained. Results. Using the example of hypothyroidism, I found out that any disease should not be considered as a disease of one organ, but as a problem of the whole body. Conclusions/ An integrated approach is the optimal solution for the treatment of the disease, because the knowledge of several specialists is used here.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):107-110
pages 107-110 views

The effect of physical rehabilitation on the level of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with HF and metabolic syndrome

Semynina E.V., Kartashov J.I., Tokmachev R.E., Kravchenko A.Y.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. Chronic heart failure (CHF) is the final pathophysiological stage of the cardiovascular continuum. The prevalence of this syndrome both in the Russian Federation and in the world is increasing and leads to an increase in economic losses. This is due to both frequent hospitalization and high patient mortality. Goal. To study the features of the clinical course of CHF in patients with metabolic syndrome (MS). To evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive cardiorehabilitation program for patients with CHF and MS on indicators of proinflammatory status (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-6). Materials and methods. The study included 124 people diagnosed with CHF – 60 men (48.4%) and 64 women (51.6%), the average age of patients was 64.50±0.73 years. Subsequently, all patients with CHF were divided into 2 groups based on the presence or absence of signs of MS. The first group consisted of 61 patients with CHF without MS, of whom 29 were men (47.5%) and 32 were women (52.5%), the average age was 64.90±1.01 years. The second group consisted of sixty–three patients with CHF and MS, of whom 31 were men (49.2%) and 32 were women (50.8%), the average age was 64.12±1.05 years. Results. In the group of patients with CHF and MS, against the background of physical training (the first group), OT in men significantly decreased by 6.5 cm, i.e. by 6.3% (F=6.76; p=0.0117), in women – by 6.6 cm, i.e. by 6.2% (F=32.06; p=0.0013). BMI also significantly decreased by 1.6 kg/m2 (by 5%, p<0.001). Against the background of physical rehabilitation, the study showed a positive dynamics of lipid profile indicators with a tendency to be statistically significant in patients of the first group. In the second group of patients, the dynamics of lipid profile indicators after 12 months of follow-up was significantly negative: the level of TG increased by 0.3 mmol/l (F=26.78; p<0.001), the level of HDL cholesterol decreased by 0.21 mmol/l (F=26.27; p<0.001), the level of LDL cholesterol increased by 0.35 mmol/l (F=44.74; p<0.001). The analysis of the TSH data revealed a significant dynamics of the growth of tolerance to FN in the first group of patients with CHF and MS: an increase of 41.0 m (F=7.28; p=0.0090). In the second group of patients, there was a significant negative change in tolerance to FN according to TSH: a decrease of 20.0 m (F=6.73; p=0.0118). In patients with CHF and MS, against the background of physical rehabilitation, a decrease in the level of indicators of the proinflammatory cytokine profile was obtained with a tendency to a statistically significant one. Conclusions. In patients with CHF and MS, compared with patients without MS, there is a lower tolerance to FN, a higher activity of the systemic inflammatory response, which causes more pronounced clinical symptoms of CHF and increased cardiovascular remodeling.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):110-113
pages 110-113 views

Trigger factors of obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities

Uzhov M.A., Fisyuk E.A., Utkina A.A., Morozov A.М.

Abstract

Abstract.Introduction. Atherosclerosis is the main link in the pathogenesis of diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke. Important risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis are genetic predisposition, diabetes mellitus, stress (psychoemotional and physical overload), smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, non-compliance with food hygiene rules, leading mainly to obesity. Goal. Identification of trigger factors of obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities. Materials and methods. In the course of this work, an anonymous survey was conducted using a questionnaire that contained 28 questions. 250 people were interviewed, including 157 women (62.8%) and 93 men (37.2%). Results. During the study, body weight indicators were evaluated, on average, 11.8% of men and 10.1% of women had a body weight disorder. The analysis of physical activity showed the following results: 36 men and 48 women attended the gym. Among the men surveyed, slightly less than half of 44 people smoke. Women smoke less – 32 people. 66 men consumed alcohol. The percentage of drinkers among women is lower – 86 people. 34 men and 65 women followed a healthy diet. Conclusion. Upon a detailed examination of each trigger factor, it can be noted that men are more susceptible to obliterating atherosclerosis of the arteries of the lower extremities, since they statistically account for a greater number of trigger factors.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):113-116
pages 113-116 views

Военная и экстремальная медицина

Analysis of the antiterrorist awareness of undergraduate students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU

Borodkina L.V., Mehantieva .E., Ilyichev V. ., Stanishevskaya Y.V.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction.  Increasing the level of alertness among students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU in connection with the high level of threat in the Voronezh Region is an urgent issue in our time. Due to the beginning of the military operation in Ukraine, the number of terrorist acts in Russia has increased, which are made public in various news and Internet resources. The level of possible terrorist threat in the Voronezh Region is increasing in comparison with other regions of the country due to its territorial location. This situation certainly affects society, and stress levels among people of different ages, including students, are increasing. Goal. To conduct a survey among students of the Burdenko State State Medical University, to find out their interest in this situation, to identify wariness about terrorism, as well as to find out proposals for improving the level of security at the university. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted among students of the 2nd year medical, dental and pediatric faculties, and conclusions were drawn from the questionnaire. Methods of combating terrorism are proposed, the procedure for actions in case of a threat of a terrorist attack on the university territory is clarified. Conclusions. Students are interested in the issue of terrorism in the Voronezh region, they also noted the relevance of this topic at the moment. The methods of increasing the level of security at the university are proposed.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):117-121
pages 117-121 views

Protective sedation during transportation of patients with brain damage

Butko Y.A., Anosov N.A., Demchuk O.V.

Abstract

Traumatic craniocerebral trauma (TCT) is the main cause of death and disability in patients. The management strategies proposed in this article focus on preventing secondary injuries avoiding hypotension, hypoxia and maintaining an appropriate condition, which is a surrogate of cerebral blood flow. The goal. Prevention of unwanted complications and aggravation of the patient's condition during transportation. Materials and methods. Review of the effect of barbiturates on patients with neurosurgical trauma and uncontrolled intracranial pressure. Results. A number of studies have been carried out on the beneficial effects of protective sedation with head injury, positive the influence of barbiturate coma as the exclusion of intracranial pressure threats. Conclusion. Transportation of a patient with a head injury requires careful organization, availability of the patient transportation scheme, taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient's condition and the prevention of frequent complications, the selection of optimal management of the patient on the route.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):121-123
pages 121-123 views

Analysis of biohazard emergencies in the Central Federal District

Volynkina E.A., Mehantieva L.E., Masalytin A.V., Klimets A.G., Kutsova M.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Biological hazards have become most urgent in recent years due to the emergence and spread of a new coronavirus infection, COVID-19. The COVID-19 pandemic has forced to pay special attention to biological and social emergencies associated with other human pathogens. Objective. To analyze the prevalence of biohazard emergencies on the territory of the Central Federal District during 2020-2022. Materials and methods. The materials of the study were the data on biological and social emergencies for 2020-2022 in the Central Federal District and in the Russian Federation, presented on the website of the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia. Microsoft Excel program was used for data processing and statistical analysis. Results. On the territory of the Russian Federation in 2020, 60 emergencies of biological and social nature were registered, resulting in 164 people. On the territory of the CFD 12 cases were registered. In 2021 on the territory of the Russian Federation there were 88 emergencies of biologo-social character, with 146 people affected. In 2022, the number of biohazard emergencies on the territory of the CFD was 16% of the total number. Conclusions. The increase in emergencies of biological and social character can lead to the spread of infectious diseases and loss of life. Thus, the determining factors affecting the number of emergencies of biological and social character, as well as their manifestations, are: the prevalence of COVID-19, the presence of restrictive measures, the level of development of the RCHS forces, as well as medical services, the intensity of anti-epidemic and preventive measures.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):123-125
pages 123-125 views

Consequences of the accident at the «Mir" mine

Kazakov V.S., Dunaeva D.Y., Mekhantyeva L.E.

Abstract

Summary
Relevance. Emergencies are increasingly plaguing humanity. Man-made accidents are of
deep concern, because with the general growth of the population, the number of emergencyhazardous objects increases proportionally, which can potentially become hotbeds of emergencies
and lead to disaster. Over time, understanding of this problem led to the creation of the RSChS, the
main tasks of which are emergency prevention and liquidation of its consequences. The Russian
Federation regularly develops sets of measures of various directions in order to prevent the
occurrence of emergency situations. But all efforts are in vain if you do not follow basic safety
principles. For evidentiary purposes, the man-made disaster at the Mir kimberlite pipe in Yakutia
was taken as a tragic example of what happens when these principles are neglected. Target. Conduct
an analysis of the work carried out on the kimberlite pipe, indicate the causes of the accident, and
also note the success of the actions of the Emergency Rescue Services. Materials and methods.
Conducting an analysis of the operation of the mine to understand the causes of the accident. Results.
It turns out that the prerequisites for the disaster were present long before the incident. This was due
to natural factors in the form of the Metegero-Ichersky aquifer complex with salt water, technical
factors related to the design of the “dry conservation” project, as well as gross violations of safety
regulations throughout the entire period of operation of the mine. Conclusions. During the analysis,
it turns out that any man-made accident has a root cause, the delay of which leads to irrevocable.
losses.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):126-131
pages 126-131 views

Peculiarities of first aid to ophthalmologic victims at the first stage of medical evacuation

Kozlova A.D., Mekhantyeva L.E., Dunaeva D.Y.

Abstract

Introduction. The relevance of first aid on the battlefield is growing every year. A person, finding himself in the center of military operations, acquires risks of injuries of various etiologies. The visual analyzer is not an exception due to low protection. The purpose of the work is to determine the sequence of actions in eye traumatization. The literature on ophthalmology and first aid techniques and federal data were used as materials and methods. Results. A wide variety of etiologic factors are capable of causing both open and closed injuries of various genesis. The risks of subsequent complications associated with the spread of infection are high. Correct actions at different stages of medical and sanitary evacuation can preserve not only color perception and color vision of the victim in the course of further rehabilitation, but also subject vision. First aid includes not only local treatment, but also correct application of binocular dressing. Conclusion. Knowledge of the correct sequence of actions during the first stage of medical evacuation can preserve the correct anatomy and physiology of the eye, reduce the risks of enucleation.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):131-133
pages 131-133 views

Matrix of Varton's umbilical cord jelly as an integrative-reservoir medium biologically active substances

Okolitenko M.S., Rusnak M.V., Tovpeko D.V., Kalyuzhnaya-Zemlyanaya L.I., Kondratenko A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. For military and civilian healthcare, it is very important to have medical devices that can accelerate wound healing. The creation of such products by tissue engineering technologies requires the selection of a homologous biomaterial with regenerative components. Such biomaterial is the human umbilical cord of extraembryonic origin. The study of the composition of cell-free matrices from the human umbilical cord contributes to the development of effective tissue-engineered products designed to stimulate regeneration. The goal of this study is to evaluate the preservation of regenerative components of the stroma of human umbilical cord Warton's stool after its decellularisation. Materials and methods. Human umbilical cord tissue was used for matrix fabrication by decellularisation method. To obtain the stored form of the product, cell-free umbilical cord matrix was lyophilised. Matrix and native umbilical cord samples were subjected to standard microdissection techniques. The amount of DNA was estimated by spectrophotometry. For immunohistochemical study, tissues were incubated with different antibodies directed against human laminin, type IV collagen, fibronectin, TGF-β3 and VEGF.  Results. The content of residual DNA in the matrix was 21.8±5.0 ng/mg, which is significantly lower than the DNA values in native umbilical cord (506.8±39.1 ng/mg). The presence of such biologically active substances as type IV collagen, laminin, fibronectin, as well as growth factors TGF-β3 and VEGF, which play an important role in regeneration processes, was revealed. Conclusions. Decellularisation of Warton's umbilical cord stool tissue with 0.05% sodium dodecyl sulphate solution for 24 hours effectively removes cells and DNA and preserves regenerative components, which can be used to develop tissue-engineered cell-free products.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):133-137
pages 133-137 views

Search for new options to improve the treatment of pelvic organ injuries in civilian gunshot wounds sustained in localized armed conflicts

Polidanov M.A., Volkov K.A., Maslyakov V.V., Sidelnikov S.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Unfortunately, armed conflicts still do not cease to occur in the modern world. There is no doubt that under such conditions not only military personnel directly involved in hostilities, but also the civilian population is injured. The aim of the study was to search for new options to improve the treatment of pelvic organ injuries in gunshot wounds of the civilian population received in the conditions of localized armed conflict. Materials and Methods. The study included 112 wounded and civilian population who received gunshot wounds in the pelvic region. The injured in different periods of armed conflicts were included: on the territory of Grozny (Chechen Republic) in the period from 2000 to 2003 and on the territory of Lugansk People's Republic, Donetsk People's Republic, Zaporizhzhya and Kherson regions during a special military operation. Of the total number of wounded men were 64 (57.1%), women - 48 (42.8%). Methods of descriptive statistics were used for mathematical processing. The criterion used was the criterion of agreement χ2. Results. All pelvic wounds can be conditionally divided into three groups: wounds of external genital organs, wounds of internal pelvic organs, and wounds of external genital organs and internal organs. Complications in case of wounds to this anatomical region occur in 34.8%, and lethality is 18.7%. Conclusions. The conducted analysis showed that the measures aimed at providing first aid to the wounded female patients in the pelvic region were fully rendered by medical teams, and no errors in the performance of these measures were registered, which testifies to the good training of emergency physicians.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):137-138
pages 137-138 views

Pain assessment in critical patients unable to communicate

Razumovskaya K.R., Gaivoronskaya A.O., Demchuk O.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Poor assessment of analgesic therapy in critical patients is associated with a deterioration in the prognosis of treatment and a decrease in the quality of life after discharge. One of the reasons is the lack of a unified pain assessment methodology applicable to patients who are unable to communicate, demonstrate emotions and voluntary movements. Goal. To increase the effectiveness of assessing the adequacy of analgesic therapy in critical patients who are unable to communicate. Materials and methods. Within the framework of this article, scales and methods for assessing pain in non-verbal patients are considered and analyzed: SROT, PBS, NVPS, COMFORT, RASS, ANI, PDR. Results. Their comparative analysis was carried out, the most informative criteria were identified and a modified scale for evaluating analgesic therapy was developed. Conclusions. Further study of the effectiveness of this scale is required and confirmation of the validity of the results in the conditions of anesthesiology and intensive care units, military hospitals, operating rooms.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):139-142
pages 139-142 views

Analysis of prospects for the use of air ambulance by the Voronezh Regional Clinical Center for Disaster Medicine

Sainikova A.D., Ilyichev V.P., Mehantieva L.E., Danshin Y.Y.

Abstract

Abstract

Introduction

The paper analyzes statistical data on the use of air ambulance in the Voronezh region for the period from 2018 to 2022. The most demanded specialists departing and departing for this period on assignments of the Ministry of Health of the Voronezh region are identified.

Keywords: air ambulance, medical and sanitary support, statistics

Objective: to study the possibilities of using sanitary aviation by the Voronezh Regional Clinical Center for Disaster Medicine.

 

Materials and methods of research.

In the course of our work we analyzed statistical data and analytical reports of KUZ VO “VOKCMK” for the last five years in order to identify the regularity of the impact of the use of sanitary aviation on them.

 

Results of the study.

The most demanded in terms of support of air ambulance in the Voronezh region are specialists in the field of anesthesiology and resuscitation and the highest indicator of their work came in 2021. The second place is occupied by surgeons. A separate group of specialists of neurosurgical profile can be singled out, the presence of which is explained by the peculiarity of the structure of sanitary losses with the predominance of those affected as a result of road traffic accidents.

Conclusion.

Summarizing the above, despite the decrease in the number of Covid-19 patients, the number of air ambulance sorties has decreased insignificantly. Consequently, the need to use air ambulance in the process of medical and sanitary support continues to be an urgent task.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):142-143
pages 142-143 views

The current state of the problem of temporary bleeding arrest in tactical conditions (literature review)

Strizhakov B.A., Myasnikov N.I., Byrdin G.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The review analyzes the literature on the current state of the problem of temporary bleeding arrest and the experience of practical application of blood flow arrest techniques. Goal. To analyze the current state of the problem of temporary bleeding arrest in tactical conditions. Materials and methods. The analysis of modern domestic and foreign literature devoted to the problem of temporary bleeding arrest, experience and results of the application of the methods used to stop blood flow in tactical conditions is carried out. Results. As a result of the analysis of accumulated material on the issues of providing assistance to victims with vascular damage, stopping bleeding using a tourniquet still forms the basis of first aid in the "red" zone to victims around the world. The vast majority of published works, even over the last decade, describe various applications of harnesses, without considering the possibilities of using alternative techniques in practice, which indicates that the research topic is insufficiently developed. Conclusions. Conventional methods of temporarily stopping bleeding as part of first aid on the battlefield have their drawbacks. In this regard, it is necessary to study alternative ways to temporarily stop bleeding, which are combined with the tactical features of the "red zone" and proven algorithms for first aid, taking into account the area of injury, type of bleeding, time and method of compression, the possibility of combining different methods of temporary bleeding stop.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):144-147
pages 144-147 views

Suggestions for completing a first aid kit for a rescuer

Terzi Y.I., Filippova E.E., Mekhantyeva L.E., Sklyarova T.P.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. In emergency situations, the personnel of emergency rescue units are exposed to the damaging factors of disasters. In these conditions, high-quality first aid plays a special role. Thus, to provide first aid, personnel must be provided with appropriate means that are not provided centrally. Target. Formation of the general appearance and configuration of a first aid kit for a rescuer. Materials and methods. An analysis of available medical protective equipment, legislation, literature and methodological recommendations was carried out, and information was collected in emergency rescue units. Results. Based on this, the following problems and tasks related to providing personnel with individual first aid equipment were identified. During the analysis of the AI-4 and KIMGZ first aid kits, their advantages and disadvantages were identified. An option was proposed for completing a first aid kit for a rescuer, which included two conditional blocks: the “fire, radiation, chemistry, bacteria” block and the “trauma and wounds” block. Justification was given for the choice of drugs and medical supplies included in the first aid kit. Conclusions. There is no uniform model of a first aid kit in the units; personnel are engaged in independently completing and purchasing first aid supplies; the kits have disadvantages and limitations; there is no uniformity or centralized supply of units with first aid kits. Existing first aid kits have critical shortcomings. Taking them into account, we have proposed an option for completing a first aid kit for a rescuer, which meets all the requirements.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):147-151
pages 147-151 views

Иммуновоспалительные заболевания

IID in rheumatology: spondyloarthritis-associated cluster and amyloidosis

Eskina A.S., Chernykh T.M.

Abstract

Introduction. Ankylosing spondylitis is a chronic systemic immunoinflammatory disease characterised by involvement of the sacroiliac joints and/or joints of the spine. The most common extraaxial manifestations include involvement of peripheral small joints, entheses, inflammatory bowel disease, and iridocyclitis. Secondary systemic amyloidosis is considered one of the most severe and prognostically unfavourable complications of ankylosing spondylitis. The relevance of the problem is due to the difficulty of early diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis and the lack of clear diagnostic criteria for making this diagnosis. Objective. To study the peculiarities of ankylosing spondylitis course against the background of developed secondary amyloidosis of internal organs. Materials and methods. In the course of the work we analysed the current medical literature and retrospective analysis of the patient's medical history of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital No.1. The data were systematised and arranged with the help of MS Office software package. Results. The clinical case of the patient who was on in-patient treatment in the Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital No.1 was analysed. The progression of multiorgan failure on the background of the conducted pathogenetic and symptomatic therapy was revealed. Conclusions. The described clinical case demonstrates a special complexity of treatment of ankylosing spondylitis with developed secondary amyloidosis of internal organs.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):152-154
pages 152-154 views

A clinical case of autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. Difficulties in diagnosis

Efimenko D.S., Klokova E.I., Kuptsova G.N.

Abstract

Conduction. Autoimmune polyglandular syndrome (APS) is a combination of two or more autoimmune diseases of the endocrine glands, accompanied by their primary insufficiency, often with autoimmune damage to non-endocrine organs. This article considers a variant of the clinical case of a patient with type 2 APS. Goal. To demonstrate the features of the clinical picture, diagnosis, dynamics and management of a patient with Schmidt syndrome. Materials and methods of research. The study was conducted on the basis of the BUZ in VGKBSMP No. 10, where data from 2 medical records, anamnesis and discharge epicrisis data for the period from 2000-2023, as well as objective data during the last hospitalization of a patient with type 2 autoimmune polyglandular syndrome were studied. Results. The peculiarities of the manifestation of APS include the fact that at first one autoimmune disease develops, and subsequent ones join during life. This study is based on a detailed analysis of the medical history of a patient with autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. Conclusion. In the course of the study, we came to the conclusion that, taking into account two endocrinopathies of an autoimmune nature (chronic adrenal insufficiency and autoimmune thyroiditis), the occurrence and relatively rapid progression of carbohydrate metabolism disorders with the need for an intensified insulin therapy regimen, we can assume the presence of another autoimmune process (LADA diabetes with absolute insulin deficiency). However, taking into account information about a possible overdose of glucocorticoids, an assumption has been made about the medicinal nature of hyperglycemia.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):154-157
pages 154-157 views

Features of the immune status in patients with metabolic syndrome

Kukushkin V.A., Grechishkina A.I., Kanishcheva V.D., Gavrilov G.N.

Abstract

Metabolic syndrome is a combination of several risk factors, such as obesity, hypertension, lipid metabolism disorders and insulin resistance, which increase the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes and other concomitant diseases. The immunological system plays a crucial role in protecting the body from infectious agents and maintaining its homeostasis. However, metabolic syndrome can cause changes in the immune system that can affect its function and the level of immune cells. Therefore, the study of the features of the immune status in patients with metabolic syndrome is important for understanding the mechanisms of development of concomitant diseases and the development of effective treatment methods. The aim of the study is to study the characteristics of the immune status in patients with metabolic syndrome, including the number and function of various types of immune cells. The study was conducted in patients with diagnosed metabolic syndrome after obtaining consent to participate. The patients' blood was taken for immunological examination. Data from healthy patients were used for comparison. The results of the study showed a decrease in the number of T-lymphocytes. An increase in Ig G was also detected in most patients. The study showed that metabolic syndrome causes changes in the immune system, so studying the characteristics of the immune status in patients with metabolic syndrome is important.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):157-159
pages 157-159 views

Some aspects of immunoinflammatory and psychoemotional status in diabetic patients undergoing inpatient treatment using high-tech medical care

Malyugin D.A., Simonova M.Y., Zoloedov V.I.

Abstract

Introduction. Diabetes mellitus is one of the most socially significant diseases. Patients with diabetes mellitus have an increased risk of disorders of psychoemotional status, in particular anxiety and depressive disorders. Immune mechanisms play an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus. The goal of this study is to assess psychoemotional status in patients with diabetes mellitus and to determine the relationship of mental health with glucose metabolism and immunoinflammatory status. Materials and methods. A survey of 51 people was conducted on the basis of the endocrinology center of the Voronezh City Clinical Emergency Hospital № 10. For the survey we used: the SF-36 quality of life questionnaire, the Spielberger-Khanin questionnaire, the Beck depression inventory. Glycemia and immunoinflammatory status were determined in the study participants. A correlation analysis of scores obtained from questionnaires and laboratory parameters was carried out, as well as a comparison of male and female patients, older and younger patients, with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Results. Women have a higher degree of severity of anxiety and depressive disorders and ESR. A direct correlation was found between ESR and scores on the anxiety scale. Our study found no differences between older and younger patients, as well as with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusions. Active immune inflammation in diabetes mellitus contributes to impaired psychoemotional status, especially in female patients, which is probably due to their greater emotionality.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):159-161
pages 159-161 views

Инструментальная диагностика

Radiologic diagnosis of Juvenile periodontitis complicated by somatic diseases and COVID-19

Buchnev A.V., Shkatova E.E., Khamdan I.M., Baranov I.A., Titova L.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Juvenile periodontitis is a common dental disease. Complications of the disease have been reported in patients with a medical history of diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, and COVID-19.
The objective of this study is to identify and examine the factors contributing to the development of Juvenile periodontitis in children with type 1 diabetes mellitus and moderate to severe COVID-19 after hormone therapy.
Materials and Methods. A literature search was performed to identify relevant studies. The study sample consisted of 42 patients between the ages of 12 and 17 years who were diagnosed with Juvenile periodontitis. A questionnaire and a survey were used to collect data. The data from the CBCT were analyzed.
Results. Eight individuals with a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus and moderate COVID-19 were identified. One patient was diagnosed with severe generalized Juvenile periodontitis, which was confirmed by CBCT. The patient also had a history of hormone therapy. During the interview, it was revealed that the patient has poor oral hygiene and does not visit the dentist for professional cleaning.
Conclusions. The course of Juvenile periodontitis in adolescents can be aggravated by several factors, including a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus, COVID-19, especially after hormonal therapy, poor oral hygiene, and infrequent visits to the dentist's office. It is recommended to conduct further follow-up of these patients in dynamics using CBCT.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):162-165
pages 162-165 views

Difficulties of differential diagnosis of lymphomas using the example of a clinical case

Mikhailyuk Y.C., Ivanova A.S.

Abstract

Introduction. Pathologies of the lymphatic system are a large group of diseases, the differential diagnosis of which is difficult in all groups of patients, especially in children. The issue of differential diagnosis of lymphomas, in particular, using ultrasound diagnostic methods, has been little studied, which is why it is relevant for study. The authors of the work analyzed a clinical case in order to assess the difficulties of identifying and differential diagnosis of lymphomas; The objectives include the study of literary sources on the topic, compared with the results of the study in the clinical case under review. The study was conducted on the basis of the Collective Clinical Hospital No. 2 using a specific clinical case with a description. During the writing of the work, statistical data was assessed, a general description of the characteristics of lymphomas and their clinical manifestations was given; the importance of their differential diagnosis and its features in pediatric patients is assessed, and diagnostic options using instrumental and histological research methods are given. In conclusion, conclusions from the study are presented. Along with this, the authors point out the importance of further study of the issue, and also compare the research output with existing literature data.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):166-171
pages 166-171 views

Diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms with native magnetic resonance tomography

Nazola O.V., Tolstykh E.M., Marks S.I.

Abstract

Introduction. The primary diagnostic method for cerebral vascular aneurysms is computed tomography with contrast, the use of which is associated with certain risks. The use of native magnetic resonance imaging as primary screening therefore is particular interest. Objective. Exploration of the efficiency of native MRI as a primary screening method in patients with suspected cerebral aneurysm. Materials and Methods. We performed an analyze of MRA, CT and native MRI images of patients with diagnosed brain aneurysms to compare the capabilities of native MRI in visualization of aneurysms, find out its effectiveness as primary screening. Images of 56 patients aged 37 to 62 years old with intracranial aneurysms of different sizes and localizations were compared. Results. Comparison of images showed that native MRI images effectively and accurately visualize the size and localization of aneurysms. Results matched with radiocontrast methods. Conclusions. The use of native magnetic resonance imaging is suitable as a method of primary and presymptomatic screening for the diagnosis of cerebral aneurysms. Further study of images performed using native MRI and confirmation of the validation of their results in the conditions of the Russian health care system is required.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):171-173
pages 171-173 views

Possibilities of MR diagnostics in assessing the dynamics of avascular necrosis of the hip joints in a patient who has had COVID-19 during treatment with bone marrow tunnelization

Ryazanovа D.P., Samarchenko A.V., Gritsai A.A., Goncharova A.Y.

Abstract

Abstract.
Introduction. Acute respiratory infection caused by coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (2019-nCoV) is characterized by both pulmonary and a large number of extrapulmonary complications. Aseptic necrosis of the femoral head (AFH), which occurs after COVID-19, causes severe pain and limited function in large joints.
Treatment of aseptic necrosis of the femoral head is carried out using surgical and non-surgical methods.
Conclusions. Due to the recent high prevalence of COVID-19 and its large number of extrapulmonary complications, including ANFH, bone marrow tunneling can produce multidirectional dynamics, which is well visualized in an MR study.
Keywords: ANFH; tunneling; hip joint; MRI; T1 TSE; COVID-19

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):173-174
pages 173-174 views

Comparative analysis of the occurrence of idiopathic scoliosis in athletes and students of a medical university

Fedotova E.I., Sviridkin P.A., Ishchenko N.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The paper discusses the issue of timely diagnosis of scoliosis. In the modern world, idiopathic scoliosis is the most studied disease of the human skeleton. Currently, many of his approaches are used in early diagnosis, using X-rays, MRI, CT, the features of osteogenesis (RND) are also being studied and the functional states of the brain and spinal cord (EEG, EMG) are being investigated. Goal. To carry out a comparative analysis of the incidence of idiopathic scoliosis in athletes and students of a medical university. Materials and methods. The paper analyzes the accounting of athletes during routine medical examinations and analyzes the questionnaire of medical university students. Results. When comparing them, a clear discrepancy in the concept of diagnosis was revealed, given that students are aware of their diseases, they do not seek help from specialists, which can lead to deterioration of their condition. Conclusions. Thus, given the frequency of occurrence, it is important to monitor changes in the spine, even if you are not at risk, and consult a specialist in time.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):174-176
pages 174-176 views

Инфекционные болезни и иммунология

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of parvovirus infection according at the «VOKIB»

Abasov A.R., Chernyshova L.A.

Abstract

Introduction. It is known that the clinical manifestation of parvovirus infection B19 often resembles feverish respiratory exanthemic malaise with asthenovegetative or flu-like manifestations. Widespread human infection caused by parvovirus B19, according to many literature data, manifests itself primarily as an exanthemic skin lesion in the form of a "lace" rash. This is the so-called typical form. Taking into account the registration of confirmed cases of parvovirus infection B19 (B19V) in Voronezh in the winter and spring periods 2023-2024, attention was drawn to this infection. The purpose of the study to conduct a clinical and laboratory study of parvovirus infection B19. Materials and methods. There were 7 patients with the diagnosis of "Parvovirus infection B19", aged 23 to 63, who underwent inpatient treatment at the «VOKIB» Medical Center in the "Infectious Diseases Department № 1" (for the period 2023-2024). All those examined were residents of the city of Voronezh. The diagnosis in all cases was laboratory confirmed by PCR testing. Conclusion. According to the conducted study, all cases of the disease had febrile-exanthem manifestations, but, in general, with atypical manifestations of this infectious disease, primarily in the nature of the rash, which was more reminiscent of scarlet fever. Studies indicate the need for a laboratory examination to determine parvovirus infection B19 in each case of febrile exanthem disease, and an in-depth clinical study of the manifestations of this viral disease.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):177-180
pages 177-180 views

Features of the clinic of the initial period of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the Voronezh region

Agapova I.V., Krivoruchko I.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The significant variety of clinical symptoms often makes early diagnosis of HFRS on an outpatient basis difficult. In this regard, the study of the characteristics of the epidemiology and clinical picture of this infection at the initial stage is of significant practical interest. Target. Study of the epidemiological features and clinical picture of HFRS during the early manifestations of the disease. Materials and methods. A retrospective study was conducted of medical records of patients diagnosed with HFRS, moderate severity, who were hospitalized at the BUZ VOKIB in 2022-2023. An analysis of outpatient records of 28 patients was carried out, of which 25 were men (average age 34.16 ± 5.34 years) and 3 women (average age 32.27 ± 4.18 years). Research results. The peculiarity of the HFRS clinic at the initial stage is the smoothness of the typical manifestations of the disease - kidney damage is mild, although it is recorded in half of the patients, thrombohemorrhagic syndrome appears insignificantly and rarely, ophthalmological complaints are not clearly expressed, such characteristic symptoms as dry mouth and thirst are almost never encountered . Conclusions. For the purpose of early detection of HFRS, it is necessary to take into account intoxication syndrome for more than 3 days, thrombohemorrhagic manifestations, enlargement of the liver and spleen, kidney damage; among laboratory indicators, platelet levels and a general urine test are important.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):180-182
pages 180-182 views

Pathogenic microorganisms as a factor in the development of cancer

Volodina O.V., Lozinskaya Y.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The causes of the development of cancer in humans can be biological carcinogens, such as viruses and bacteria. Understanding the mechanisms of carcinogenesis allows us to improve algorithms for managing patients with infectious diseases for the purpose of prevention and early detection of tumors. The purpose of the work is to summarize data on the mechanisms of development of cancer caused by pathogenic viruses and bacteria. Materials and methods. A search and analysis of literature data was performed using materials from foreign and Russian sources. Results. DNA- and RNA-containing viruses, as well as the bacterium H. pylori, can act as biological carcinogens. The pathogenetic mechanisms that are involved in the process of carcinogenesis vary depending on the characteristics of the pathogenic microorganism that causes the tumor. Conclusions. 1. Viruses can cause the development of cancer either through a direct effect on the cells of the macroorganism (human papillomavirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus type 8, human T-lymphotropic virus), or indirectly through various pathogenetic mechanisms (hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, AIDS virus). 2. Oncogenesis during Helicobacter pylori infection includes both direct and indirect effects on cells.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):182-185
pages 182-185 views

Neurological symptoms in children with respiratory mycoplasmosis

Istin A.A., Makarova A.V.

Abstract

Mycoplasma pneumoniae causes up to 44% of community-acquired pneumonia cases in children. In addition to the respiratory tract, mycoplasmas can affect other organs and systems, including the nervous system, more often with the development of encephalitis. The goal of our study is to study neurological symptoms in children with respiratory mycoplasmosis. Materials and methods. In 2023, 764 children with mycoplasma pneumonia were identified. Of these, 0.6% of patients had neurological manifestations. For the examination of children, general clinical research methods, biochemical, instrumental were used. The etiology of respiratory mycoplasmosis was confirmed by PCR of nasopharyngeal smears on the DNA of the pathogen, serological examination by ELISA for specific antibodies of immunoglobulin classes M, G to respiratory mycoplasmosis, chlamydia. According to the indications, a spinal tap and magnetic resonance imaging of the brain were performed. Results. 5 children with respiratory mycoplasmosis (0.6%) developed neurological symptoms on day 9-10 of the disease. 4 patients had meningoencephalitis, 1 had encephalitis. The leading symptoms were: ataxia, drowsiness, headache, two children had impaired consciousness, one had diplopia. Conclusions. Clinicians should be aware of possible neurological manifestations in children with respiratory mycoplasmosis in order to make  correct diagnosis and prescribe appropriate etiotropic and pathogenetic treatment.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):185-188
pages 185-188 views

Pathomorphological pattern and features of pathogenesis of new coronavirus infection COVID-19

Parakhina M.V., Rusika A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Pathomorphological specificity and specificity of the study of clinical manifestations, development of methods of treatment and prevention against coronavirus infection 2019 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019 - COVID-19) are limited up-to-date information on structural changes in internal organs affected by the virus. Understanding the structure of the virus, the factors that contribute to its progression and spread, pathological findings, diagnosis and treatment methods are essential for effective control of viral diseases. This not only allows for a better understanding of the disease itself, but also for the development of more accurate diagnostic and treatment methods, thus helping to prevent the further spread of the infection among the population. This is especially important in the case of deadly infections such as COVID-19. Target. Analyze the autopsy material described in a number of literature from COVID-19 coronavirus infection confirmed by PCR. Literary sources are represented by articles written by employees of the Department of Pathological Anatomy of the FSBEI HE DonSMU of MOH of Russia, atlas of pathological anatomy COVID-19, as well as domestic and foreign articles published mainly during the last 5 years. Materials and methods. Microscopic morphological changes in the structure of drugs of lungs, liver, kidneys, skin were evaluated. A pathogenetic chain explaining the severity of the clinical pattern of lesions of the respiratory epithelium in relation to the upper respiratory tract epithelium has been identified; respiratory and non-respiratory clinical manifestations of COVID-19 have been listed. A literature review of the pathomorphological picture of COVID-19 found the presence at the histological level and described diffuse alveolar tissue damage (DAP) of the lung with exudative and proliferative phases of the infection. Findings. COVID-19 affects various organs such as heart (cardiac virus, pericytic and vascular endothelium), kidney (CoV clusters in tubular epithelium and podocytes), gastrointestinal tract organs (endothelial virus infection, vasculitis of the subsylysis base vessels), mainly due to the effects of hypoxemia and cytokine storm.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):189-192
pages 189-192 views

Viral hepatitis E – regional features of a new infection in the Voronezh region

Sereda E.A., Poplevina O.D., Tselikovskiy A.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Only after the discovery in 2006 of zoonotic genotypes 3 and 4 of hepatitis E, dangerous for humans, it became known that the area of ​​distribution of viral hepatitis E (HEV) is no longer limited to countries with tropical climate, where hepatitis E is caused only by the 1 and 2 HEV genotypes. Another 7 years later (in 2013), we described the first cases of HEV in the Voronezh region. Aim of the study. To identify regional clinical, laboratory and epidemiological features of HEV in the Voronezh region based on medical records for the entire period of registration of HEV in the region. Materials and methods. 49 case histories of all patients with HEV for 2013-2023. Results. The vast majority of patients (93.9%) became infected with a local infection, because they did not leave the borders of the Voronezh region for 3 months before the onset of the disease. In our region, icteric forms of HEV (71.4%) prevailed over anicteric forms. Forms of moderate and mild severity predominated (71.4% and 20.4%, respectively), severe course was noted only in 8.2% of patients. All patients did not experience any improvement in their state of health after the onset of jaundice. Laboratory findings were typical for acute viral hepatitis. Conclusions. Epidemiological anamnesis data allow us to claim the persistent circulation of the local hepatitis E virus has place in the Voronezh region. Hepatitis E has no specific clinical symptoms and clearly defined geographic foci of spread in Russia and in the Voronezh region, which makes it difficult to make a diagnosis taking into account only clinical and epidemiological data.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):192-195
pages 192-195 views

Etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in children according to the data of the CSTO No. 2

Skorovarova M.S., Kotlova V.B., Lukanova s.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in children is associated with age. The change in the epidemiological situation in the region has an impact on the incidence of pneumonia and its etiological structure. The aim is to analyze the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in children in 2018-2023. according to the data of the CSTO Department of Health No.2. Methods and materials. A retrospective analysis of the etiological structure of community-acquired pneumonia in children was carried out on the basis of an electronic database in the pre-pandemic period (2018-2019), the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020-2022) and the post-pandemic period (2023). Results. The number of pneumonia increased from 1,124 in 2018 to 2,905 in 2023. In the precancerous period, pneumonia of unspecified etiology prevailed 83.2%, bacterial clarified ones amounted to 8.9%, mycoplasma 9.7%. During the pandemic, every second child had lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2, mycoplasma accounted for 1.7%, and in 2023 - 26.3%. Conclusions. There has been a convincing increase in hospitalizations of children with pneumonia: during the pandemic due to pneumonia caused by SARS-CoV-2, in the post-pandemic period due to pneumonia of mycoplasmic etiology.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):196-198
pages 196-198 views

Клиническая фармакология и фармакоэкономика

Study of the toxicity of the drug Rinoferon in immature rats

Tatiana A.V., Pokrovskaya T.G.

Abstract

Introduction. Acute respiratory infections occupy a leading place in the structure of infectious pathology in children. At the same time, in pediatric practice, a special place is occupied by genetically engineered interferon-α2b, the safety and effectiveness of which is similar to endonasal use.

The goal of this study is to study the toxic effects of the drug Rinoferon, dosed nasal spray, 500 IU/dose (Pharmstandard-Leksredstva OJSC, Russia) with repeated intranasal administration in two experimental doses to male and female immature rats for 14 days, followed by a 14-day withdrawal period introduction.

The studies were carried out using visual, instrumental and laboratory monitoring of the condition of animals, modern methods for assessing the effect of drugs in accordance with the “Guidelines for conducting preclinical studies of drugs” under the general editorship of Doctor of Medical Sciences. A.N. Mironov and the rules of good laboratory practice GLP.

It was found that the administration of the study drugs in the studied doses for 14 days did not have a significant effect on the body weight of the animals or their food consumption in comparison with the control group of rats. There was also no change in the general condition, qualitative and quantitative blood parameters and the functional state of the internal organs of rats in the experimental groups compared to the group of control animals receiving placebo. Macro- and microscopic examination of the internal organs and the site of drug administration revealed no signs of toxic manifestations caused by the administration of the study drugs. No pathological changes were observed in animals within 14 days after discontinuation of drug administration.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):199-204
pages 199-204 views

Analysis of the safety of bisphosphonates used for the treatment of osteoporosis

Beitullaev A.M., Egorova E.A.

Abstract

Introduction.  Osteoporosis is a global health system problem, reducing the quality of life of patients and shortening their life expectancy. The chronic nature of this disease determines the long-term pharmacotherapy of patients, which accordingly increases the likelihood of adverse reactions when using medications. The main drugs are drugs of the bisphosphonate group.

The aim of the work was to analyze the adverse reactions of drugs of the bisphosphonate group in order to assess their safety.

Materials and methods of research. The object of the study was spontaneous messages registered in the automated information system AIS-Roszdravnadzor. The criteria for selecting notification cards for adverse drug reactions were the presence of drugs of the M05BA bisphosphonate group in the category "Drug that allegedly caused an adverse reaction". The study period is from 01.01.2019 to 31.12.2022.

Results. During the presented period, 117 spontaneous messages were identified in the AIS-Roszdravnadzor database containing information on the development of adverse reactions when using a group of bisphosphonates. The drug that most often causes the development of side effects, zoledronic acid, has been identified. The features of the body of patients in whom adverse reactions are most often recorded were found: female patients aged 61 to 75 years. Indications for the use of drugs, clinical manifestations of adverse reactions, assessment of their manifestations and outcome are described.

Conclusions. The study of cases of adverse reactions when using drugs of the bisphosphonate group makes it possible to assess the possible risks of pharmacotherapy, determine the characteristics of the patient's body that are risk factors for the development of adverse reactions, as well as expand knowledge about the principles of rational use of medicines, which improves patients' adherence to treatment and safe use of medicines.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):204-206
pages 204-206 views

On the issue of the use of nootropic drugs in the correction of intellectual development disorders in children

Belyaeva P.S., Klimenko P.Y., Kosogorova N.L., Rusanovsky V.V., Akimov A.A.

Abstract

Abstract. 

Introduction. The problem of using nootropic drugs in the correction of intellectual development disorders in children remains one of the most controversial issues in modern medicine, in particular, due to disputes in the scientific community about the effectiveness of these drugs. This is an important topic that deserves attention and research to improve the quality of life of children with these disorders. The goal of this study is to consider the mechanisms of action and capabilities of some nootropic drugs in the treatment of these disorders in children. Materials and methods. An analysis of literary sources on the mechanisms of action and pharmacological activity of nootropic drugs was carried out. Results. Nootropics improve brain metabolism through various mechanisms of action: increasing oxygen consumption in the brain; increased adenylate kinase activity in the brain; increased synthesis of cytochrome b5; improvement of interhemispheric transmission; increased glucose metabolism in the brain; increasing the plasticity of erythrocytes. In this publication, we would like to pay attention to both the drugs with the longest history of use (Piracetam) and new and possibly promising drugs (Meclofenoxate, Deanol aceglumate and Bacopa Monnieri). Conclusions. Assessing the effectiveness of nootropic drugs from the perspective of evidence-based medicine is difficult due to the high heterogeneity of etiological and pathophysiological factors and significant individual characteristics of intellectual development in children. Research shows that nootropics can improve mental activity, memory, attention, learning ability, and also reduce the oxygen demand of neurons during hypoxia. These drugs also help normalize behavior and correct emotional and behavioral disorders in children. The most common and widely used today is Piracetam. It is a nootropic that promotes intellectual development, improves cognitive function and memory.       

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):207-209
pages 207-209 views

The interrelation of the results of the study of anti-inflammatory activity of 3-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridine, cyanothioacetamide derivatives in silico and in vivo

Bochev A.V., Bibik E.Y.

Abstract

Introduction. Recently, there have been more and more initiatives to fully open data on the development and research of new medicines. This approach is especially effective in the early stages, when searching for and confirming new biomishens. Goal. Using an online resource for virtual bioscreening, predict potential targets for new compounds, as well as evaluate their possible pharmacological activity in an in vivo experiment. Materials and methods. The object of the study was new synthesized substances 3-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridines, cyanothioacetamide derivatives. With the help of the Swiss Target Prediction Internet service, the prediction of potential pharmacological effects for the studied compounds was carried out. In preclinical studies, anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using a model of formalin edema of the rat paw. Results. The conducted screening studies allow us to consider 5 new 3-cyano-1,4-dihydropyridines promising for further study of the anti-inflammatory activity. When modeling formalin edema, it was revealed that laboratory samples with the mar-137 and mar-003 ciphers reduce the severity of the inflammatory process and have a sufficiently long-lasting effect. Conclusions. The main types of pharmacological activity (anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyritic) in silico have been established. The presence of anti-inflammatory activity in vivo was reliably revealed.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):209-213
pages 209-213 views

In vivo evaluation of the anti-inflammatory properties of the original derivatives of α-cyanothioacetamide

Gusev D.F., Bibik E.Y., Oleynik I.S., Krivokolisko S.G., Ameline N.D., Bukhtoyarova D.R.

Abstract

The work raises the question of the synthesis of new drugs that have analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity, high efficiency and safety in their use. The article examines the anti-inflammatory activity of new α-cyanothioacetamide derivatives in the classical pharmacological test of dextran paw edema. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the anti-inflammatory properties of the original α-cyanothioacetamide derivatives in in vivo experiments. New derivatives of α-cyanothioacetamide with laboratory codes d02-128 and d02-122 are the leading samples in the test; their effectiveness is 1.57-10.8 times higher than nimesulide.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):213-215
pages 213-215 views

Systemic analysis of the consumption of antibacterial drugs using integrated ABC/nDDD/VEN matrices and Lorentz curve

Zanin A.R., Chukarina Y.V., Perederiy E.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The most important task of practical healthcare is the pharmacoeconomical justification for the inclusion of drugs in treatment protocols, regional and local forms. The cost of drugs is the most important criterion for their inclusion in the above-mentioned lists. Goal. Assessment of the consumption of medicines from the group of systemic antibacterial agents for the IV quarters of 2019-2023 using matrix ABC/DDD/VEN models. Materials and methods. An integrated pharmacoeconomical analysis based on three independent analyses was used as a research method: ABC analysis, DDD analysis and expert VEN analysis. 58 medical specialists who use drugs of this group in their profile acted as experts. Results. At the first stage, an ABC analysis was performed, as a result of which all antibacterial drugs were divided into three groups (A, B, C) according to the share in the turnover of the entire group of drugs. At the second stage, the number of daily doses consumed per 1000 people per day (NDDD) was calculated, showing the consumption of each systemic antibacterial drug given an international nonproprietary name. At the third stage, an expert VEN[1] analysis was carried out. Doctors of 14 different profiles acted as experts. Conclusions. Based on the analysis methods described above, the Lorentz curve, the integrated matrices ABC/DDD, ABC/VEN [1,2] are constructed. According to these models, the consumption of each drug, the share of its costs and the category of importance were estimated.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):215-218
pages 215-218 views

The structure of calcium channel blockers consumption on the example of the local pharmaceutical market.

Karnauhova V.V., Kornilov A.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. Slow calcium channel blockers are medications that are widely used in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension and coronary heart disease. Drugs of this group were created in the early years of the second half of the twentieth century, but despite this, calcium antagonists are quite difficult to find an alternative, and they still occupy a leading position in the pharmaceutical market. Goal. To analyze the consumption structure of calcium channel blockers using the example of the local pharmaceutical market. Materials and methods. An analysis of publicly available statistical data was carried out. In the course of the research work, the structure of the use of calcium channel blockers by visitors to pharmacy organizations in the Kursk, Orel, Kaluga, Bryansk and Smolensk regions for the period 2018-2022 was studied. Calcium antagonists were selected as objects of research. Results. The information obtained is presented in the form of tables in which the level of consumption of medicines has monetary and natural (in packages) expression. Among the drugs that are calcium antagonists, amlodipine occupied a dominant position in terms of consumption in 2022. The second place belonged to lercanidipine. Nifedipine and diltiazem were used infrequently in relation to 2018-2021.

Keywords: pharmacoepidemiology; pharmaceutical market; slow calcium channel blockers; arterial hypertension

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):218-220
pages 218-220 views

Comparative analysis of the prescribing pattern of fixed combinations containing blockers of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system

Zhirova A.Y., Kornilov A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The topic of pharmacotherapy of arterial hypertension is a burning issue in recent years. Being a syndrome accompanying and provoking a number of more serious diseases, high blood pressure requires its reduction, which is carried out with the use of drugs and their combinations. Objective. To analyse the market of drugs for the treatment of arterial hypertension in 2021 and 2022 and compare the consumption shares of combinations related to blockers of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. Materials and Methods. Data on the natural consumption of combination drugs containing sartans and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors were analysed and statistically processed. Results. The structure of consumption of combined drugs for 2021 and 2022 in natural terms by international nonproprietary names (INN) for Kursk region was estimated and compared with Kaluga, Oryol, Bryansk and Smolensk regions. Conclusions. The considered groups of drug combinations are leading and one of the main ones within the framework of arterial hypertension therapy. Despite the high prevalence of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, sartans are widely used and in some cases indispensable. The data obtained serve as a basis for further investigations. 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):220-222
pages 220-222 views

Analysis of microflora resistance in children with phlegmonous appendicitis

Repina M.D., Barkalova E.A., Zhdanova O.A., Nazarieva N.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The irrational use of antibiotics in the treatment of acute phlegmonous appendicitis leads to ineffective therapy and various complications. The purpose of the work. Assessment of the dynamics of the level of resistance of the isolated microflora in children with acute phlegmonous appendicitis with a 14-year interval. Materials and methods. The article analyzes 105 results of microbial seeding and their antibiotic resistance obtained from patients aged 1 to 17 years hospitalized in Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No. 2 with a diagnosis of «Acute phlegmonous appendicitis» in 2007 and 2021. The results of the study. A review of the results on antibiotic resistance showed that Gram-positive bacteria, namely Staph. epidermidis, have a high level of resistance to erythromycin. Most gram-negative bacteria are resistant to ampicillin. E.coli strains (ESBL) also show resistance to amoxiclav, cefotaxime and ceftriaxone. Conclusions. The main bacterium often secreted remains E.coli, the seeding of which has increased from 45% to 52% over the past 14 years. There has been a change in the varieties of microorganisms secreted – Ps. aeruginosa became the cause of acute phlegmonous appendicitis in 2021. A large number of bacteria appeared, which began to produce broad-spectrum β-lactamases. The conducted antibacterial therapy should be prescribed taking into account the expected microflora and corrected in accordance with the results of bacteriological sowing of effusion from the abdominal cavity.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):223-226
pages 223-226 views

A modern approach to the pharmacological correction of idiopathic premature sexual development in girls with Triptorelin

Frigina V.O., Filippova U.I., Tadtayeva Z.G., Evdokimova N.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Idiopathic premature sexual development (iPPD) is an interdisciplinary problem that district pediatricians, obstetricians-gynecologists and endocrinologists may face.  The relevance of the study is determined by the low diagnosis of STI, long-term disability, reproductive disorders, and the risk of developing tumor diseases. Goal. To analyze the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy with Triptorelin by assessing physical and sexual development, bioimpedance measurement, laboratory examination of hormone levels in the blood. Materials and methods. The analysis of the case histories of 30 girls aged 5-9 years with idiopathic PD was carried out. The results of therapy were analyzed for 3 weeks to 12 months.  The assessment of physical development was analyzed using centile and sigma tables. Sexual development was assessed by Tanner. Bioimpedance measurement was performed by the MEDASS device. Results. Triptorelin is a synthetic analogue of gonadotropin-releasing hormone. 3 weeks after Triptorelin therapy, gonadotropin levels returned to normal in all girls. The level of sex hormones and cortisol, as well as the increase in height and weight, returned to normal in accordance with age. According to ultrasound of the pelvic organs and breast, after 6 months, a decrease in the volume of gonads was noted in almost all girls, and after another 12 months – the volume of glandular breast tissue. The interval between bone and biological age has decreased. Conclusions. As a result of therapy, the progression of premature development of secondary sexual characteristics stopped and the level of hormones in the blood normalized.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):226-228
pages 226-228 views

Experience of long-term use of Nusinersen in the treatment of spinal muscular atrophy types II, III

Frolkova K.A., Shanina E.S., Tadtayeva Z.G.

Abstract

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease with an autosomal recessive type of inheritance, characterized by increasing degeneration of α–motor neurons of the anterior horns of the spinal cord with the development of flaccid paralysis and muscular atrophy. An analysis of three clinical cases was carried out, during which positive dynamics was revealed in patients taking the Nusinersen - motor functions significantly improved. There were no side effects on the background of long-term administration.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):228-228
pages 228-228 views

Лучевая и функциональная диагностика

Right-sided renal agenesis with vicarious hypertrophy of the single left kidney and doubling of the uterus and vagina with partial aplasia of the right vagina. The importance of ultrasound in the diagnosis and observation of these pathologies.

Makarova S.P., Ivanova A.S.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. The development of the urinary system during embryogenesis is closely related to the development of the reproductive system. In more than 30% of patients with unilateral renal agenesis, an associated abnormality of the reproductive system is detected. In our country, there are no formed and established recommendations for the examination of persons with identified renal agenesis for malformations of the reproductive system. That is why in this group of patients, diagnosis is often postponed until the onset of menarche, when such formidable complications as endometriosis, pelvic inflammatory diseases and infertility occur. Goal. Coverage of the clinical case of a patient with right-sided renal agenesis, vicarious hypertrophy of the single left kidney and doubling of the uterus and vagina with partial aplasia of the right vagina. An overview of the ultrasound examination of this pathology. Materials and methods. A clinical case was considered, a comprehensive examination was conducted: a survey, anamnesis collection, laboratory tests and ultrasound diagnostics. Results. The scientific article describes in detail the data obtained from the results of the patient's survey and examination. Conclusions. The presented clinical case demonstrates the importance of timely ultrasound examination to identify malformations of the reproductive system in patients with diagnosed renal agenesis, as well as the need for dynamic monitoring. Patients with malformations of the genitourinary system need lifelong monitoring of the body's condition, control of the preservation of organ function and the nature of changes in their structure, as well as a specialized approach to pregnancy planning, pregnancy and childbirth itself, and recovery after childbirth.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):229-231
pages 229-231 views

Медицинская биология

Evaluation of blood uric acid levels in mice with CRISPR-induced mutation of the Hprt1 gene

Kurbatova A.A., Zhunusov N.S., Osipyan S.I., Zelentsova A.S., Skorkina M.Y.

Abstract

Abstract. The assessment of changes in uric acid levels in an animal model of the orphan disease Lesch-Nyhan allows characterization of the personalized model from the perspective of the principal diagnostic criterion of this syndrome. The objective is to comparatively evaluate the dynamics of uric acid level changes in the blood plasma of mice with a mutation in the Hprt1 gene. Materials and Methods. The study utilized Hprt1del8Val mice of both genders, categorized into groups corresponding to the zygosity of the mutation on the X-chromosome: Hemi (hemizygous males), Homo (homozygous females), Het (heterozygous females), WT (wild-type animals of both genders). Blood samples were collected from the cheek of animals at various age intervals, starting from 5 weeks of age up to 15 weeks. Uric acid content analysis was conducted using an enzymatic method with spectrophotometric detection at a wavelength of 513 nm. The raw data were statistically processed, employing an appropriate significance criterion. Results. The uric acid level significantly differed in Hemi group males compared to WT group males at 5, 9, and 13 weeks by 21.1%, 21.79%, and 28.84%, respectively (p<0.05). In females, significant differences in uric acid levels were observed in the Homo group at 5, 6, 10, and 15 weeks by 59.78%, 60.45%, 10.33%, and 37.33%, respectively (p<0.05); and in the Het group by 45.01%, 61.68%, 22.05%, and 44.53%, respectively, compared to the control (p<0.05). Conclusion. Hprt1del8Val mice differ from wild-type mice based on the main diagnostic criterion for Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, directly associated with the impairment of HPRT enzyme function. This personalized mouse model is a crucial component in studying metabolic disturbances occurring in Lesch-Nyhan syndrome.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):232-234
pages 232-234 views

Морфология

Variant anatomy of trigeminal nerve branches in the aspect of anesthesia in dentistry

Bulkhin S.D., Rybakov A.G.

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. Knowledge of the variants of the structure of the branches of the trigeminal nerve is a great practical importance when performing anesthesia in the work of a dentist. Objective. To study of variant anatomy of the branches of the trigeminal nerve. Materials and methods. The study of variant structure of the trigeminal nerve branches was based on the literature review of foreign and domestic sources. Results. On the basis of the studied material the peculiarities of the structure of the trigeminal nerve branches and their influence on anesthesia during manipulations by a dentist were studied. Conclusion. Understanding the variant anatomy of the trigeminal nerve branches is extremely important, especially in the practice of a dentist, as it will allow to achieve better anesthesia.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):235-236
pages 235-236 views

Changes in neurons of the cingulate cortex of the 2nd small cell layer of the rat brain in cholestasis

Klimuts T.V., Zaerko A.V., Emelyanchik S.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Cholestasis is known as a severe manifestation of many liver diseases. It has been shown that structural and functional disorders of the hepatobiliary system lead to failure of bile secretion in hepatocytes or disruption of the outflow of bile and accumulation of bile acids in the blood. This can affect many systems of the body, including the central nervous system. Aim. To study changes in neurons of the cingulate cortex of the 2nd small cell layer of the rat brain during cholestasis. Materials and methods. Histological, morphometric, statistical. Results. As cholestasis develops in the cingulate cortex, there is a gradual decrease in the size of neurons and their nuclei, which reaches a maximum on the 5th, 10th, 20th day in the small cell layer, and there is also an increase in the number of pathological forms of neurons. Conclusions. The greatest changes in the neurons of the small cell layer of the cingulate cortex after transection of the common bile duct are observed after 10 and 20 days, which corresponds to the peak of cholestasis, according to the results of a biochemical analysis of the blood of animals.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):236-239
pages 236-239 views

Role of epithelial permeability syndrome in the pathogenesis of lung lesions at COVID-19

Kolganov A.I., Grekov I.S.

Abstract

Introduction. Pathogenesis of most respiratory diseases is a consequence of dysfunctions and defects of the epithelial barrier in the respiratory tract. Consequently, the study of epithelial conditions and mechanisms of their damage in a pandemic coronavirus infection is very relevant. The goal of this study is to explore the role of epithelial permeability syndrome in coronavirus infection (COVID-19), identify relevant pathomorphological changes of the bronchopulmonary system, assume possible targets of pharmacotherapy. Materials and methods. The scientific literature was searched in the following databases: syndrome of increased epithelial permeability, pathological anatomy COVID-19. Results. The article considers and generalizes current information about the development and role of the syndrome of increased epithelial permeability (SIEP) in pathogenesis COVID-19, studies molecular and pathomorphological features of the bronchopulmonary system in coronavirus infection, describes processes and targets, that are potentially medicated. Conclusions. Further study of molecular and pathomorphological features of epithelial barrier dysfunction is helping to improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment of new coronavirus infection, which will help prevent development and reduce the severity of complications.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):239-242
pages 239-242 views

Evaluation of the effectiveness of fibrillogenesis in the dynamics of regenerative processes of the skin.

Sazhin R.И., Samoilov I.V., Shishkina V.V., Andreyev A.A.

Abstract

Annotation. Soft tissue wounds still remain one of the most numerous reasons for patients to go to a surgical hospital. Patients of this group are most often of working age, the addition of infection leads to a significantly increased period of disability. The authors set a goal: to consider cellular participants and evaluate some morphological markers at different stages of the regenerative process of soft tissue wounds in the experiment. The study was conducted on the basis of the Scientific Research Institute of Experimental Biology and Medicine on 7 male Wistar rats, 6 rats were simulated with a skin wound, 1 rat was a control. On the 3rd day, a model of acute purulent inflammation was formed. Histological and histochemical research methods were used as methods for evaluating the effectiveness of regeneration, and statistical processing of the data was also carried out. According to the results of the study, there was a decrease in the timing of phases 1 and 2 of the wound process in the 1st experimental group by an average of 1.4 times compared with the 1st control group.

The data obtained are confirmed by histological and histochemical methods of analysis, which indicate a reduced duration of edema relief, formation of fibrin, collagen and epidermis compared with the control groups.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):242-244
pages 242-244 views

Неврология

Analysis of the prevalence of bulbar and pseudobulbar manifestations among patients with multiple sclerosis

Alvane K.H., Protasov I.S.

Abstract

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis is a chronic demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, which is based on autoimmune and neurodegenerative changes that lead to early disability of people of working age. It is known that in the structure of MS symptoms, about half of the manifestations are due to damage to various pairs of cranial nerves, of which bulbar and pseudobulbar disorders are of interest due to their relevance. Goal. To analyze the prevalence of bulbar and pseudobulbar manifestations among patients suffering from multiple sclerosis. Materials and methods. A study of the functions of IX-XII pairs of cranial nerves was conducted in 19 patients with a reliable diagnosis of MS and who are currently being treated at the neurological department of the BUZ VOKB No. 1. Among the surveyed there were 9 men (47%) and 10 women (53%) in the age range from 23 to 56 years. Results. It was found that among the 19 examined patients with  confirmed diagnosis of MS in the age range from 23 to 56 years, 74%  suffer from bulbar and pseudobulbar disorders. Conclusions. Bulbar and pseudobulbar manifestations were detected in more than half of the studied patients with a confirmed diagnosis of MS.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):245-246
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Disorders of optic and oculomotor nerve group function in multiple sclerosis

Dudkin N.Y., Protasov .S.

Abstract

Introduction. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a pathology that may affect almost the entire nervous system, both central and peripheral. Due to this, the clinic of MS has a great polymorphism. An important place in the MS clinic is occupied by dysfunctions of the optic (II) and oculomotor nerves (III, IV, VI), which also occur quite often.

Objective. To study the frequency of optic and oculomotor nerves lesions in patients with confirmed diagnosis of MS. To determine their place in the structure of the clinic of this disease.

Materials and methods. Nineteen patients diagnosed with MS were examined. The Russian and foreign scientific literature covering the problem of MS was studied.

Results. Signs of optic nerve dysfunction were revealed in 11 patients, the most frequent symptom in this case was a decrease in visual acuity observed in all 11 patients in this group Also narrowing of visual fields was observed in 5 patients in the same group. Oculomotor nerve dysfunction was detected in 7 patients, diplopia was observed in all of them. Nystagmus was also detected in 4 patients in this group. 

Conclusions. Visual and oculomotor nerve group dysfunction in MS is a very frequent symptom of the disease and is observed in the majority of patients. This is important in the diagnosis of this disease. Identification of these symptoms in combination with other signs of demyelinating process allows to suspect the diagnosis of MS much faster, and subsequently to prescribe proper treatment.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):246-247
pages 246-247 views

Clinical observation of a rare form of hereditary myoclonus epilepsy

Konopleva V.V., Tsotsonava Z.

Abstract

Introduction. Lafora's disease is a rare autosomal recessive hereditary disease from the group of progressive forms of epilepsy with myoclonus, characterized by partial and generalized epileptic seizures, extrapyramidal disorders, cognitive disorders and dementia. Caused by mutations in the EPM2A and EPM2B genes, which are responsible for the synthesis of the proteins laforin and raspberry. The onset of the disease is at the age of 8-18 years, which rapidly progresses, leading to death after 4-10 years. Target. Using a clinical case as an example, to highlight a rare form of hereditary myoclonus epilepsy. Clinical case. Patient E. Born from consanguineous marriage. He grew and developed in accordance with his age. The onset of seizures at the age of 8 years was generalized tonic-clonic convulsions; valproic acid was started. He was repeatedly treated in the psychoneurological department with a diagnosis of idiopathic generalized epilepsy in the form of tonic-clonic seizures. The following drugs were introduced into the treatment regimen: lacosamide, lamotrigine, topiramate, a course of corticosteroids - without effect. Consulted by a geneticist. A diagnosis of Lafora's progressive myoclonic epilepsy (homozygous mutation in the NHLRC1 gene) was made. Treatment was carried out: valproic acid 1000 mg/day, levetiracetam 2000 mg/day, perampanel 8 mg/day, sibazon 2.0 IV No. 2. The patient has now been transferred to the adult service and his condition is progressively deteriorating. Conclusion. This disease is quite rare, but it should cause vigilance among neurologists in cases of rapidly progressing forms of myoclonic epilepsy that cannot be treated.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):248-249
pages 248-249 views

Do neuropsychiatric disorders affect the course of premenstrual syndrome and dysmenorrhea

Mostovskaya E.A., Kurushina O.V., Burova N.A.

Abstract

The levels of PMS and dysmenorrhea were studied depending on the symptoms of neuropsychiatric disorders: distress, depression, anxiety and somatization.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):249-250
pages 249-250 views

Neuropsychiatric disorders among pregnant women on the eve of childbirth, risks and consequences

Mostovskaya E.A., Kurushina O.V., Burova N.А.

Abstract

This study describes the results of neurological testing and a description of the outcomes of childbirth among patients of the GUZ "Clinical Maternity Hospital No. 2" in Volgograd. The importance of neuropsychiatric stress during childbirth and its effect on the traumatization of pregnancy has been statistically proven.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):250-251
pages 250-251 views

Analysis of diagnostic indicators as a criterion for the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment of patients suffering from acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA)

Osipova G.S., Mikhailov S.N.

Abstract

Introduction. Nowadays the problem of rehabilitation of the adult population of the world after acute cerebrovascular accident (CVA) remains an important medical and social problem. Evaluating  scales are used to rate the physical condition and rehabilitation potential of such patients. The  purpose of research. to monitor motor and sensory disorders before and after rehabilitation of the patients who have suffered acute cerebrovascular accident using diagnostic scales. Materials and methods. In the study diagnostic tests such as the Hauser walking index, the Berg balance scale and the Bartel scale were used. The study conducted by State budgetary institution of social services «Gerontological center «Dolgoletie» of Orenburg involved 12 women aged 60-85 years and 8 men aged 60-80 years who suffered a violation of cerebral circulation. Two groups were formed: the main and the control. The patients of the main group got complex recovery treatment. Results. The total dynamics of rehabilitation tests in the main group made up 11%  for women and 12% for men. In the control group the dynamics of rehabilitation tests composed 4 for women and 3%  for men. Conclusions. The results of research prove the rationality of using these assessment methods to objectify the results of treatment and determine the rehabilitation potential of patients.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):252-253
pages 252-253 views

Comparison of pathogenetic mechanisms of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke development

Panov I.O., Gavlikovskaya L.A., Masenko V.V.

Abstract

Introduction. According to epidemiological data, acute cerebrovascular accident (ONMC) is diagnosed in 3 people per 1000 population, which is a fairly high indicator. It is also impossible not to mention the incidence of post-stroke depression of 24-59% (foreign data) and more than 42% (domestic data). Previously, it was believed that stroke is an exclusively older people's problem, however, as practice and time show, the disease is rapidly "getting younger", people aged 20-35 years (5-19%), and in some cases even teenagers (3-7%) are becoming more susceptible to it. Goal. To compare the pathogenetic mechanisms of hemorrhagic and ischemic stroke with the help of current scientific data. Materials and methods. We have analyzed foreign and domestic publications over the past 5 years. Results. The immediate cause of hemorrhagic stroke is hemorrhage in the medulla. The pathogenetic mechanism of ischemic stroke is the interruption of blood supply in

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):254-255
pages 254-255 views

To study the features of heart rate variability in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome

Serikova V.V., Polyanskaya O.V.

Abstract

Introduction. "Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is a group of dysimmune neuropathies heterogeneous in pathophysiological mechanisms of development and clinical neurophysiological picture" [1]. To date, GBS is the most common cause of acute peripheral tetraparesis. One of the most common manifestations of GBS is vegetative disorders. In some patients, autonomic dysfunction, the presence of which has a significant impact on the outcome of the disease, may occur subclinically and not be diagnosed on time. Aim. The aim of the study is to research the features of heart rate variability (HRV) in patients with Guillain-Barre syndrome, to evaluate changes in HRV indicators depending on the severity of disability and the outcome of the disease. Materials and methods. Writing of a literature review, analysis of medical documentation, dynamic patient monitoring, HRV study, statistical analysis of results. The results of the study. In patients with GBS, there is a serious decrease in the total power of the spectrum, an increase in the activity of the humoral part, suprasegmental divisions of the autonomic nervous system (ANS), and a decrease in the influence of the parasympathetic part. In patients with a more severe course of the disease, there is a marked decrease in the proportion of parasympathetic effects on the heart rate with the development of a "rigid" rhythm pattern, which suggests that these patients have significant suffering of regulatory processes. Severe deficiency of sympathetic influences and pronounced relative vagotonia were detected in patients who died. Conclusion. Patients with GBS have characteristic features of heart rate variability, patients of varying severity differ in HRV indicators.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):255-260
pages 255-260 views

The peculiarities of strabismus in children with perinatal CNS lesion

Teplinskaya A.S., Uvarova M.V.

Abstract

Strabismus is a form of oculomotor disorders, which is characterized by a deviation of the eye from the general point of fixation and is an external manifestation of a violation of binocular vision. At the same time, the pathogenesis of this pathology is still being debated. This study is devoted to the analysis of children with perinatal CNS damage and strabismus.

Goal. Identification of the features of strabismus in this group of patients and identification of patterns of localization of focal lesion according to neuroimaging data.

Materials and methods. A neurological examination and analysis of medical documentation of 26 children with perinatal CNS lesion and strabismus, who are being treated in the neuropsychiatric department No. 3 of the Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No. 1, was carried out.

Results. It was concluded that among patients with perinatal CNS lesion, strabismus is most often detected in boys (73%), and the most common type of strabismus is convergent alternating (77%). According to MRI data, the leading position is occupied by atrophic changes in the large hemispheres (58%) with a predominance of lesions of the temporal (33%) and occipital (26%) lobes; changes in the corpus callosum (39%); periventricular leukomalacia (23%) and multicystic encephalomalacia (12%) in the occipital lobes (66.6%) combined with frontal (33.3%) and parietal (33.3%) lobes.

Conclusion. The results of the study suggest that atrophic changes in the brain may be a factor in the occurrence of strabismus.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):260-262
pages 260-262 views

Difficulties in the treatment of post-infectious epilepsy. Case from clinical practice

Tsotsonawa J.M., Shipilova N.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Herpetic encephalitis (HE), caused by herpes simplex viruses types 1 and 2 (HSV 1/2), is the most common encephalitis in developed countries. The incidence of GE is 0.2-04 per 100 thousand population, although some studies provide values ​​up to 1.2 per 100 thousand. Among etiologically verified cases of acute encephalitis, GE accounts for 14 to 20%. The disease is characterized by a very severe course. According to a number of authors (Gorelik E.Yu., Skripchenko N.V., Vilnits A.A., etc.), without specific etiotropic therapy, mortality from HE can reach 70%, but even with timely initiation of adequate therapy, mortality reaches 10 -25%, and 40-60% of survivors develop severe neurological disorders. Target. To present a clinical case of post-infectious drug-resistant epilepsy. Clinical case. Patient A., born in 2012, suffered meningoencephalitis of herpetic etiology in May 2018, confirmed by laboratory data (positive PCR titers of cerebrospinal fluid for HSV type 1). The disease debuted with serial acute symptomatic convulsions, against which a clinical picture of cerebral edema and coma 2 developed. The girl was in the intensive care unit and was subjected to mechanical ventilation for 17 days. Subsequently, the condition stabilized. In August 2018, the girl developed focal epileptic seizures - motor tonic, hemiclonic, the frequency of which reached 5-6 times a day. Conclusions. Herpetic meningoencephalitis is a severe infectious disease, which is one of the most common causes of the formation of post-infectious drug-resistant epilepsy, which is difficult to control when prescribing antiepileptic drug therapy, which, in fact, is demonstrated by the presented clinical case.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):262-263
pages 262-263 views

Неонатология

The role of abduction limitation of the hip joint in the diagnosis of developmental dysplasia of the hip in children of the first year of life

Herasimenka A.M., Rudenok V.V.

Abstract

Introduction. To date, there is no uniform approach to diagnosing developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in children in the first year of life. In order to reduce the number of instrumental studies performed, it is necessary to expand knowledge about the most pathognomonic symptoms that occur with DDH in children of the first year of life, which include abduction limitation of the hip joint (ALH). The goal of this study is to inform opportunity of using ALH symptom in diagnosis DDH. Materials and methods. Using the R. Graf classification (1984), ultrasonograms of 1052 hip joints (HJ) of 526 children in the first year of life were analyzed, and anamnestic data were studied. ALH was observed in 48.48% of observations (58.43% of boys and 41.57% of girls). In the structure of children with ALH, full-term children (69.41%) predominate over premature children (30.59%). 85.89% of children were born with a cephalic presentation of the fetus, 14.11% - with a pelvic presentation Results. Variants of the structure of the HJ of children of the first year of life with a ALH in anamnesis were studied. The sensitivity and specificity of the symptom, the predictive value of positive and negative results was determined. Conclusions. ALH is not a reliable symptom indicating DDH in children of the first year of life, however, in it is absence, the absence of the disease can be assumed.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):264-265
pages 264-265 views

Analysis of the morbidity structure of premature newborns

Kuhlenkova D.D., Sergeichik L.S., Lezhayko A.S.

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of prematurity is one of the most important in neonatology and pediatrics. Severe morphofunctional immaturity is a leading risk factor for the development of severe pathology in the respiratory, circulatory, and digestive organs, which leads to the need for intensive therapy. Target. Conduct a comparative analysis of the morbidity structure of premature newborns. Material and research methods. The study was conducted at the Gomel Regional Children's Clinical Hospital. A retrospective analysis of 70 medical records of inpatients for 2022-2023 was carried out. Statistical processing of the research results was carried out using the Microsoft Excel 2016 computer program, STATISTICA version 10. Research results. The main place in the structure of morbidity in premature newborns is occupied by pathologies of the cardiovascular (65.71%) and respiratory (57.14%) systems. Infections characteristic of the perinatal period were observed in 22.86% of premature infants. Along with the most common disorders in the structure of the main pathology aggravating the course of the early neonatal period, the following diseases were noted: unspecified malabsorption syndrome, neonatal jaundice, closed oblique spiral fracture of the middle third of the right femur with displacement of fragments, congenital dysfunction of the adrenal cortex, congenital anomaly of kidney development with hydronephrosis on the left. Conclusion. Severe congenital pathologies lead to cerebral ischemic and respiratory disorders in the neonatal period. The course of the underlying disease in premature infants is most often complicated by the development of toxic-hypoxic encephalopathy of the newborn (84.29%).

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):265-267
pages 265-267 views

Онкология

Neuroendocrine lung tumor: a clinical case

Pegina P.A., Likhobabina A.S., Arzhanykh A.V., Magomedrasulova A.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. Neuroendocrine tumors (NEO) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that originate from neuroendocrine cells of the embryonic intestine that have biologically active properties. Neuroendocrine cells have certain secretory characteristics that cause the development of syndromes of hyperproduction of regulatory peptides, which can lead to the development of corresponding clinical syndromes. NEOS can occur in all organs with neuroendocrine cells. Goal. Conducting an analysis of an atypical clinical case. Materials and methods of research. examination, medical history, laboratory and instrumental studies, surgical, radiation, chemotherapeutic and immunotherapy treatment. The results of the study. A 59-year-old man turned to the VOCODE on 04.09.23 with complaints of shortness of breath during physical exertion, weakness. He considers himself sick since 10.19. During the examination, a brain tumor and a peripheral tumor of the upper right lung were revealed. In the NHO OKB22.11.19, removal of a brain tumor with TMO plastic surgery, according to the results of histological examination, fibrous meningioma. 12/30/19 lumboperitoneal bypass surgery on the left. Conclusions. Carcinoid lung tumors are formed from Kulchitsky neuroendocrine cells located in the mucous membrane of the bronchial tree, and account for 2 to 5% of all primary malignant lung diseases, ectopic ACTH hypersecretion occurs only in 0.5–2% of these neoplasms.

The main method of treatment of localized forms of carcinoid tumors of bronchopulmonary localization is surgical, organ-preserving operations such as segmentectomy, bisegmentectomy, lobectomy, lung resection with bronchoplastic stages are preferred.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):268-272
pages 268-272 views

To study the awareness of the population of the Kursk region about the oncological pathology of some organs of the female reproductive system

Тарасюк В.P., Zatolokina M.A.

Abstract

The article examines awareness of cervical cancer among the female population of the Kursk region. An important area in cancer research is the study of factors contributing to the occurrence of cancerous tumors. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, exposure to viruses, radiation, carcinogens, and abnormalities of the immune system. The description of the methodology and the results of the survey among the female component help to assess the attitude of representatives to this field of medicine, to identify the level of awareness about this disease. The article analyzes the influence of negative factors affecting cervical cancer, since this disease is often found among the female population. Oncology does not stand still, and new methods and technologies for fighting cancer are emerging every day. Earlier detection, treatment and development of new technologies are becoming key areas in the fight against cancer. Cervical oncology includes various various methods of treatment include surgery, radiation therapy, and chemotherapy. An important aspect is also the support of patients during treatment, as well as after its completion, only through the informed awareness of women and scientific research will we be able to achieve a reduction in morbidity and mortality of the population.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):272-275
pages 272-275 views

The relevance of the psychological and social aspects of rehabilitation of cancer patients

Khachatryan V.A., Simonyan R.Z.

Abstract

Rehabilitation of cancer patients is a complex process that includes not only physical recovery after treatment, but also psychological support. Psychological aspects play an important role in this process, as cancer and its treatment can have a significant impact on the psychological state of the patient. Seriously ill people are characterized by fear of death, shame, self-isolation, impotence, refusal of treatment, revision of life values and lifestyle, hard-to-tolerate treatment, possible pain reactions, fear of recurrence of the disease, suicidal ideas. Attention to the psychological problems of an oncological patient is dictated by the fact that a malignant disease can carry a threat of mental trauma. Psychoncology and oncopsychology are actively developing all over the world and in our country, within the framework of which psychological studies of cancer patients and their families are conducted. For many people, nature is a calming and relaxing remedy, there are also different lists of exercises that are suitable for people with a certain type of cancer, but their performance again depends on the patient's condition, as well as the opinion of the attending physician about them.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):276-277
pages 276-277 views

Оториноларингология

Life expectancy and incidence of primary multiple tumors in cancer of different parts of the larynx after surgical treatment

Pavliukevich S.V., Aleschik I.C.

Abstract

Introduction. In view of the high mortality rate from laryngeal cancer, it is important to consider that timely detection and correctly selected treatment tactics can significantly affect the patient’s life expectancy, as well as the development of multiple primary tumors and metastases. Target. To assess the relationship between the life expectancy of patients with cancer in various parts of the larynx, after surgical treatment, and the development of multiple primary tumors. Materials and methods. The study included 149 patients with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of laryngeal cancer of various stages who underwent surgical treatment between 2010 and 2023. The patients were divided into three groups depending on the location of the tumor: group 1 (vestibular larynx), group 2 (middle larynx), group 3 (vestibular and middle larynx). Results. In group 1, life expectancy after treatment ranged from 10 to 50 months. In 27.3% of patients, PME was identified, the development of which occurred 11-66 months after surgery. Also, 18.8% of patients developed metastases 18-29 months after treatment. In group 2, the average life expectancy of patients after surgery was 58.2 months. Progression of PME was found in 16.2% of patients from 9 to 148 months, and metastases developed in 9.4% of patients 8 to 163 months after surgery. For group 3, life expectancy ranged from 2 to 70 months. Progression of PME was detected after 84 months, and metastases developed after 30 months. Conclusions. A favorable course is observed with pathology of the middle part of the larynx, while an unfavorable outcome is more common with tumors of the vestibular part. However, the prognosis still depends on many factors, such as the stage of the disease, the type of tumor, the general condition of the patient and the presence of metastases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):278-279
pages 278-279 views

Experience of using a mobile application for hearing screening of certain groups of people

Polyukhovich d.A., Kramnik K.V., Horov O.G.

Abstract

Introduction. In the twenty-first century, it's hard to imagine life without gadgets. The advent of technology promised changes in all spheres of modern human life and the medical field is no exception: in our work we want to show one of the ways to use modern technologies in the form of the application of the Petralex software, jointly created with the BGUIR Educational Institution. Goal. The aim of our study is to increase the effectiveness of screening for hearing impairment in certain groups of people. Materials and methods. For the research, we used the Petralex software installed on a modern smartphone. The study was conducted with the participation of school-age children. Results. According to the results of the work carried out, this method has shown effectiveness in detecting hearing aid pathologies in the early stages in school-age children. The advantages of this method are: accessibility, since the application works on any modern mobile device, you can take an audiogram at home in a few minutes; cheapness, since it does not require large financial costs; easy setup of the application without the help of a specialist in automatic mode. Conclusions. Having assessed the effectiveness of this study, it is planned to carry out this method in adults in the future.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):279-281
pages 279-281 views

Assessment of the immune status of patients with chronic tonsillitis in combination with diabetes mellitus

Trainina A.A., Bakulina L.S., Novoselceva T.D.

Abstract

Relevance. Inflammatory diseases of the pharynx are currently leading among the pathologies of the ENT organs. At the same time, diabetes mellitus occupies a huge niche in the global incidence of the endocrine system. The immune status of patients with these two pathologies has been significantly changed. This proves the relevance of the problem of chronic tonsillitis and diabetes mellitus as combined diseases. Goal. Investigation of the effect of the immune status of patients with diabetes mellitus on the development of chronic tonsillitis. Tasks. The study of the immune status in patients with diabetes mellitus, both those complaining of diseases of the ENT organs, and patients without these complaints, as well as a subsequent assessment of the effect of the immune status. Materials and methods. 26 patients with type I and II diabetes mellitus who were treated in both the otorhinolaryngological and endocrinological departments of the Voronezh Regional Clinical Hospital No. 1 were examined. anamnesis was collected and an immunological study was conducted. Results. The evaluation of immunograms revealed leukocytosis, lymphocytopenia, lymphocytosis, decrease and increase in B lymphocytes (CD19), increased IgM levels, decreased IgG levels, CEC was also determined, and an increase in phagocytic number was noted in patients. Conclusion. Endocrine disorders in diabetes mellitus lead to changes in the immune status of patients, which serves as a favorable factor for the development of chronic tonsillitis.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):282-284
pages 282-284 views

Current approaches to stenting of the laryngotracheal lumen after reconstructive surgeries

Trusov V., Shulga O.V., Suslova T.M., Kirasirva E.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Improving the methods of prevention of laryngeal and tracheal restenosis after reconstructive surgical treatment is an urgent task of modern otorhinolaryngology. The existing methods of postoperative stenting have certain disadvantages that limit their use.

The aim of our study is to increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with chronic cicatrical stenosis of the larynx and cervical trachea by stenting the laryngotracheal lumen in the postoperative period.

Materials and methods. This study presents the results of surgical treatment of 49 patients who underwent laryngotracheal lumen stenting in the postoperative period.

Results. The use of the stent made it possible to achieve the formation of a stable physiological lumen of the respiratory tract in 35 patients.

Conclusions. The use of a stent allows to increase the effectiveness of surgical treatment of patients with cicatricial stenosis of the larynx and cervical spine. The obtained results indicate the prospects of using our invention.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):284-286
pages 284-286 views

Патофизиология

Identification of a tendency to a violation of the hemostasis system among students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU

Batishchev M.E., Grebennikova I.V., Lushchik M.V.

Abstract

Introduction. There are few data in the literature on the prevalence of various hemostasis disorders in the population. Goal. To determine the propensities to hemostasis disorders among medical university students. Materials and methods. Questionnaire and subsequent analysis of capillary blood on a coagulometer. Statistical processing was carried out using Microsoft Exel 2016 software. 111 people aged 18 to 22 years (24 men and 87 women) took part in the survey.  Results. It was revealed that among the surveyed students, 90% (n=100) have some degree of risk for hypocoagulation and 10% (n=11) have a tendency to hypercoagulation. Women were more likely to have a predisposition to hypocoagulation (%n), and men were more likely to have hypercoagulation (%n). A positive correlation was found between the presence of disorders in the hemostasis system and diseases of the cardiovascular system in relatives (r=0.997, p<0.05) and chronic inflammatory diseases in the respondents (r=0.985, p<0.05). The most common symptoms of hypocoagulation were nasal and gingival bleeding (45%, n=50). Low levels of INR (12%, n=1) and prothrombin time (25%, n=2) were found in individuals with a tendency to hypercoagulation. Conclusions. Identification of the most common symptoms of hemostasis disorders, the presence in the anamnesis of diseases of the cardiovascular system in relatives and chronic inflammatory diseases in the respondents, changes in the coagulogram will allow to establish a tendency to hemostasis disorders.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):287-290
pages 287-290 views

Wedge-shaped defect; erosion of hard tooth tissues and fluorosis in people of different ages

Evseeva E.A., Podlovchenko J.V., Luschik M.V.

Abstract

This article is devoted to a comprehensive study of such an urgent problem as non-carious dental lesions. Special attention is paid to diseases such as wedge-shaped defect, erosion of hard tooth tissues and fluorosis. The purpose of the article is to analyze the statistics of the occurrence of this group of diseases, the peculiarities of the frequency of manifestation in different age groups of people, as well as to identify causal factors and the degree of their impact. The work was carried out by collecting data obtained on the basis of a population survey, for which a pre-prepared questionnaire was used. After collecting the necessary information and obtaining data from different age groups of people, the results of the survey were processed and analyzed, on the basis of which it is possible to judge the prevalence of non-carious dental lesions. The article also highlights and describes the characteristic features of a wedge-shaped defect, erosion of hard tooth tissues and fluorosis, examines their causes, clinical manifestations, pathogenesis, at the same time, attention is paid to preventive measures and methods of treatment of each disease separately. In conclusion, the article summarizes the results and conclusions about the frequency of occurrence of each non-carious tooth lesion in people of different age groups.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):290-293
pages 290-293 views

Analysis of risk factors and incidence of hypertension in young, middle and elderly people

Kopytina D.К., Lidokhova O.V.

Abstract

The presented article analyzes the level of predisposition of people to hypertension, as one of the most common diseases or, as they say now, the "scourge" of the XXI century. A parallel is also drawn between different age categories to find out how globally widespread this pathology is. The paper touches on the topic of risk factors for hypertension: obesity, poor lifestyle, stress and hereditary predisposition. Goal. To substantiate the most common causes contributing to the development of arterial hypertension, to track the features of the course and frequency of pathology among people of different ages. The survey, based on the work entitled "Development of an outpatient questionnaire for patients with high blood pressure," involved 102 people aged 20-44, 45-59 and 60-74, 60 of whom were men and 42 women. As a result of the survey and its careful analysis, the following was determined: arterial hypertension affects not only middle-aged and elderly people, but also the younger generation. In all cases, the development of the pathology under study is associated with maintaining an improper lifestyle, being overweight, low stress resistance and the detection of the disease under study in loved ones.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):293-295
pages 293-295 views

The effects of Covid-19 in the oral cavity

Федосеев R.A., Maleeva A.V., Luschik M.V., Ostroukhova O.N.

Abstract

Introduction. The global Covid-19 pandemic remains one of the largest and most pressing problems in the world today. As with other respiratory viruses, the respiratory system is more often affected. In addition to damage to the respiratory system, there are symptoms associated with the nervous, musculoskeletal, endocrine and cardiovascular systems, as well as the immune system. It has been established that despite the protective properties of the body, such as mucous membranes, skin, immunoglobulins, as well as interferon and lysozyme contained in saliva, coronavirus infection can manifest itself in the oral cavity and in cells. Historically, coronavirus infection has become one of the deadliest epidemics. In 2020, society turned out to be unprepared and defenseless to the multidirectional action of the coronavirus, which led to a large number of sick people. Goal. To study various dental complications and their prevalence. Materials and methods. An analysis of the literature data on the disease was performed, as well as a survey among several age groups. Results. The results of the survey were analyzed, and the most common manifestations of Covid-19 in the oral cavity were established. Conclusions. Given the high incidence of complications, which are serious, more attention and research should be given to this problem.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):295-297
pages 295-297 views

Study of students' cognitive abilities

Moiseenko E.R., Kalugina A.M., Makeeva A.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Modern world is full of new information, and it is difficult for the younger generation to concentrate on one of the most important processes – learning. In order to facilitate the assimilation of new knowledge, it is necessary to know your cognitive style, which is an individual feature of a person's intellectual abilities. That is why it is necessary to study the strengths of your thinking in order to memorize and assimilate new information as effectively as possible. Goal. To study the cognitive characteristics of various population groups, identify patterns, give brief recommendations on the organization of the educational process. Materials and methods. Information was collected and data analysis was carried out on the topic "Cognitive abilities". Based on the data obtained, a questionnaire was compiled using basic techniques, and respondents with an average age of 21 ± 1 year were surveyed. Results. The analysis of the answers was carried out, on its basis, patterns of distribution of cognitive styles among students of various faculties, groups with distribution by gender and age were revealed. Recommendations for improving the educational process were proposed for them. Conclusions. The respondents identified their strengths and received useful recommendations that they will use in practice.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):297-302
pages 297-302 views

Identification of the relationship between the development of aphthous stomatitis and concomitant diseases in children

Lidokhova O.V., Podoprigora D.V., Kretsu V.A., Koretskaya I.V.

Abstract

Modern medicine identifies several theories of the occurrence of stomatitis, each of which has its own grounds and provisions. However, most scientists agree that the infectious-allergic factor is leading in the pathogenesis of aphthous stomatitis. This factor manifests itself in a change in the reactivity of the body and its increased sensitivity to staphylococci, streptococci and other microorganisms that are usually present in the oral cavity. With certain disorders, these microorganisms become pathogenic, causing inflammatory processes.

Aphthous stomatitis can have acute, chronic and recurrent forms. Foreign authors distinguish three main manifestations of chronic recurrent stomatitis: small aphthae (up to 10 mm in diameter), large aphthae (more than 1 cm in diameter) and herpetiform ulcers – multiple round-shaped aphthae, ranging in size from 1 to 3 mm, distributed throughout the oral mucosa.

This article discusses issues related to the etiology and pathogenesis of aphthous stomatitis in children, depending on the concomitant pathology. The study is based on a retrospective and prospective analysis of the results of the examination of 120 children aged 3 to 8 years with various forms of stomatitis. The study was conducted at Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No. 2. The most common concomitant pathology turned out to be allergic reactions of various origins. It was also revealed that aphthous stomatitis was most severe in children with oral acidosis, especially in those who sought medical help in the late stages of the disease.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):303-305
pages 303-305 views

Assessment of the risk of developing anemia during surgical modeling of additional respiratory resistance in rats

Spesivtseva N.N., Fedina E.O., Rud-Panarin V.V., Denisuk A.V., Povarova A.O.

Abstract

The need to use personal respiratory protection equipment, as well as an increase in the number of patients with airway obstruction, makes the study of the effect of additional respiratory resistance (АRS) on the body one of the key problems. To study the adaptation processes formed in the body under the influence of airflow restriction, it is necessary to use experimental models that make it possible to study various adaptive and pathological processes, including in the blood system. Complete blood count (СВС) data make it possible to determine the risk of anemia during operational modeling of АRS. Goal. To determine the effect of the development of АRS on the development of anemia. Materials and methods. The study involved 20 animals. They were randomly divided into 4 groups of 5 rats each. All animals except the control group underwent tracheal ligation surgery with restricted airflow. The frequency of respiratory movements, weight were determined in animals, and blood was taken for general analysis. Results. Against the background of the tracheal ligation operation in animals, there are no violations of the parameters of red blood, except for the indicator of erythrocyte anisocytosis, which returns to normal by 12 days after ligation, which may indicate minor blood loss during surgery.  Conclusions. The indicators of red blood change slightly, the ligation operation does not lead to blood loss in animals, there are no signs of anemia on days 6 and 12.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):305-308
pages 305-308 views

Etiopathogenetic aspects of iron deficiency anemia and its relationship with gestational diabetes mellitus

Fedotova E.I., Ivanov V.S., Makeeva A.V., Yenkova E.V., Obernikhin K.I.

Abstract

Introduction. Anemia and gestational diabetes mellitus are the two most common extragenital pathologies, which remain an unexplored topic in the Russian medical healthcare system. One of the reasons for this problem is the insufficient effectiveness of preventive measures for the treatment of anemia in pregnant women. Goal. To assess the relationship between iron deficiency anemia and gestational diabetes mellitus. Materials and methods. An analysis of 100 women in labor with gestational diabetes mellitus was performed, which included a general blood test and a biochemical blood test to determine fasting glucose levels. Results. In 23 (23%) patients, a decrease in hemoglobin levels below 110.0 was detected, which is lower than the reference values of hemoglobin in pregnant women. In 59 (59%) patients, hematocrit was lower than the reference value corresponding to 37%. Anemic syndrome in the first 20 weeks of pregnancy were identified by the attending physician in 23% of patients. After 20 weeks, anemia was detected in 44% of women in labor. Correlation analysis did not reveal a connection between anemia syndrome and gestational diabetes mellitus in pregnant women, however, these pathological conditions continue to occur in a large number of women in labor, leading to difficulties in pregnancy management. Conclusions. Anemia and glycemia are quite common in pregnant women and create some problems during pregnancy and subsequent delivery. In this regard, further study of the interrelationships and pathogenesis of these conditions is required, and there is also a need to confirm the validity of their results in the conditions of the Russian healthcare system.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):308-310
pages 308-310 views

Педиатрия

Clinical observation of familial cases of congenital ichthyosis

Alekseeva A.V., Demidova R.A., Kashirskaya E.I.

Abstract

Ichthyosis is a group of rare genetic diseases with a wide phenotypic spectrum, characterized most often by generalized hyperkeratosis and peeling with variable erythema. The pathogenesis of congenital ichthyosis is based on a change in the structure of keratin and its hyperproduction. The phenotypic heterogeneity of ichthyosis is the result of numerous variants of gene mutations that lead to a violation of the homeostasis of the granular and horny layers, causing structural and functional disorders of the skin barrier. In most cases, the diagnosis is established immediately after birth based on clinical data. The basis of treatment is proper skin care, regular moisturizing, prevention of infection. Goal. To describe the features of the clinical course, diagnosis and therapy of familial cases of congenital ichthyosis. Materials. Medical records of patients with congenital ichthyosis. Results. The article describes clinical cases of congenital ichthyosis in two boys from the same family born 8 years apart. At the time of birth, both children had similar clinical signs and the nature of the course of the disease. Conclusion. The children in this family showed a genetically similar form of congenital ichthyosis. Due to timely initiation of complex therapy and proper care, significant positive dynamics were noted.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):311-314
pages 311-314 views

A case of meconium peritonitis in a newborn child with cystic fibrosis

Alekseeva A.V., Demidova R.A., Kashirskaya E.I.

Abstract

Introduction. Meconium ileus is one of the manifestations of cystic fibrosis and is characterized by intestinal obstruction with viscous meconium, which often leads to the development of perforation and peritonitis. Goal. To show the features of the course, diagnosis and therapy of meconium peritonitis in a newborn child with cystic fibrosis. Materials and methods. The medical history of a patient with cystic fibrosis. Results. During a routine ultrasound examination at the 33rd week of pregnancy, the intrauterine child showed signs of colon obstruction and meconium peritonitis. Surgical treatment of peritonitis was performed on the 1st day after birth. From day 1, the child is on a ventilator. On the 8th day of life, the child showed signs of intrahepatic cholestasis with direct hyperbilirubinemia (up to 100 mmol / l). On the 10th day of the child's life, a negative blood test result for IRT was obtained (21.6 ng/ml with a norm of < 70 ng/ml). On the 21st and 23rd days of life, sweat tests were performed, the results of which revealed high levels of chlorides of sweat fluid (112 mmol/l in both samples, the norm is 30-59 mmol/l). The diagnosis of cystic fibrosis was established, dornase alpha (2.5 mg / day) was added to therapy. Conclusions. Meconium ileus is one of the specific intestinal manifestations of cystic fibrosis and is often complicated by intestinal perforation of an intrauterine child with the development of peritonitis. Children with meconium ileus need sweat tests regardless of the results of neonatal screening.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):314-317
pages 314-317 views

Systemic ANCA-vasculitis-associated granulomatosis with polyangiitisina 16-year-old teenage girl

Gritsunova V.A., Kovaleva A.S., Zakirov M.M., Kondrykinsky E.L., Homarova E.V., Kondratieva I.V.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. ANCA-associated vasculitis is a group of immuno-mediated diseases of unclear etiology characterized by chronic inflammation of predominantly small-caliber vessels, frequent involvement in the pathological process of the lungs and kidneys, and the presence of circulating autoantibodies to the cytoplasm of neutrophils. They are rare in children, they are diagnosed late, which leads to early disability and high mortality due to damage to the respiratory system and the development of renal failure. The aim of the work is to demonstrate the difficulties of diagnosis and treatment of a 16-year-old teenager with systemic ANCA-associated vasculitis. The analysis of the medical documentation of a patient who was undergoing examination and treatment in the cardiorheumatology department of the Medical School "VODKB No. 1" in Voronezh was carried out. The results of the study: the girl was admitted to the department of the VODKB No. 1 medical school from an infectious diseases hospital, where she was with acute pneumonia. Antibacterial therapy without effect. Complaints of fever, chills, difficulty in nasal breathing, cough, hearing loss. During the year, episodes of nasal congestion. She was observed at the place of residence with a diagnosis of rhinosinusitis. Radiography of the paranasal sinuses: violations of the airiness of the left maxillary sinus, changes in the density of the nasal concha. Chest X-ray: signs of bilateral multiple globular lung lesion with signs of disintegration. Titers of cANCA 68.8 (N-20); pANCA < 2.0 (N-20) confirmed the diagnosis: Systemic ANCA-associated vasculitis - granulomatosis with polyangiitis. The course of the disease was complicated by perforation of the nasal septum and pulmonary bleeding. Immunosuppressive therapy improved the child's condition. Taking into account the high degree of activity of the disease, it is recommended to connect GIBP – rituximab to therapy. Conclusion: Analysis of the clinical picture in combination with instrumental and immunological data is the basis for timely diagnosis. The course of the disease was complicated by perforation of the nasal septum and pulmonary bleeding. Standard immunosuppressive therapy improved the patient's condition.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):317-320
pages 317-320 views

Wegener's granulomatosis in a teenager. A clinical case

Zarechnyi P.B., Ulyanova L.V., Ledneva V.S.

Abstract

Wegener's granulomatosis is a rare autoimmune disease, especially in children (1 case per 1 million people), refers to vasculitis with damage to predominantly small and medium vessels and the formation of granulomas prone to destruction. Analysis of literature data shows an almost double increase in publications over the past 15 years, which may indicate an increase in the incidence of this disease in the world. The article provides brief information about this disease, criteria and methods for its diagnosis. A clinical case of Wegener's granulomatosis in a 16-year-old girl who was hospitalized in the infectious diseases hospital of the Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital No. 2 is considered, the dynamics of laboratory parameters and instrumental research data, treatment tactics and its effectiveness are shown. The interest of this case lies in the complexity of the diagnostic search for orphan pathology. Diagnosis of the disease in the early stages is difficult due to the extreme non-specificity of the manifesting symptoms, which required differential diagnosis with a wide range of diseases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):320-324
pages 320-324 views

Diagnosis of chronic adrenal insufficiency in a teenager

Izmalkova A.A., Gurovich O.V., Evtukhova O.V., Dorokhova D.R.

Abstract

Introduction. Adrenal insufficiency, or hypocortisolism, is a syndrome caused by a deficiency in the synthesis and secretion of cortisol in the adrenal nucleus. Depending on the level of damage in the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal system, adrenal insufficiency can be primary, secondary or tertiary. The most common is primary adrenal insufficiency. Hypocortisol may be congenital or congenital. Clinical symptoms of chronic adrenal insufficiency today affect 95% of the tissues of the adrenal cortex. In almost 60% of patients, adrenal insufficiency occurs as a result of idiopathic adrenal atrophy.

Chronic adrenal insufficiency (CAI) is a fairly rare pathology, the annual incidence ranges from 100 to 144 cases per million population. The age of diagnosis is most often 20-40 years. Men (and therefore boys) have chronic adrenal insufficiency more often than women (girls).

Target. To present a clinical case of the manifestation of CAI in a teenage girl in the post-pubertal period.

Materials and methods. Clinical study of a patient with anamnesis collection during hospitalization in the endocrinology department of the BUZ VO VODKB № 1. Analysis of clinical case histories with study of the results of laboratory and instrumental examinations, as well as consultations with specialists.

Results. A 17-year-old patient had the onset of the disease in adolescence, with symptoms that imitated vegetative-vascular dysregulation and led to hospitalization in the psychoneurological department of the BUZ VO VODKB №1 with complaints of headaches, dizziness and fainting. An examination was carried out, during which electrolyte disturbances were discovered in the biochemical blood test, which made it possible to suspect CAI. The patient was transferred to the endocrinology department, where the diagnosis was confirmed.

Conclusions. CAI is an endocrine disease that requires lifelong hormone replacement therapy with constant clinical and laboratory monitoring. With proper follow-up and management of the patient, the prognosis for CAI is favorable. Delayed diagnosis and/or inadequate treatment not only aggravates the prognosis, but can also lead to death.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):324-326
pages 324-326 views

Features of the course of community-acquired pneumonia in children with impaired physical development

Kashkovskaya E.V., Aleshchenko P., Ledneva V.S., Ivannikova A.S.

Abstract

Introduction. Pneumonia is one of the most dangerous and common diseases among children. However, in patients with impaired physical development, the disease process may have its own characteristics and complications. Obesity has a negative effect on the immune system and respiratory function, increasing the risk of developing pneumonia. Protein-energy deficiency, in turn, can reduce immune defense mechanisms and contribute to the development of infections. The purpose of this work is to study the clinical course of pneumonia in children of various ages with impaired physical development and normal. Materials and methods of research. Using statistical analysis, data from 23 case histories of patients who were in the infectious diseases department of the CSTO No. 2 from 2021 to 2023 were reviewed. Based on the analysis, the patterns of the clinical course of the disease in children with normal weight, obesity and protein-energy deficiency were revealed. The results of such research methods as computed tomography (CT), radiography, thermometry, general blood analysis, and biochemical blood analysis were used. The results of the study. Polysegmental lung lesion prevailed among the studied group of patients (in 56.5%), bilateral lesion was observed in 11 children (47.8%). Some patients had complications such as pleurisy and atelectasis. Respiratory failure was present in 39.1% of patients. Fever and cough accompanied the disease in 100% of cases. Also, most patients had wet wheezing and crepitation. Conclusion. As a result of the analysis of the studied group of children, a pattern of the nature and duration of the clinical course of pneumonia in patients with impaired physical development was revealed. In most cases, the disease is accompanied by a more severe clinical picture in combination with obesity or protein-energy deficiency than in patients with normal weight indicators.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):326-329
pages 326-329 views

Familial Mediterranean fever: a clinical case

Kovaleva A.S., Kondratyeva I.V., Nastausheva T.L.

Abstract

Relevance. Mediterranean fever is a disease with an autosomal recessive type of inheritance, common among certain ethnic groups. Goal. a clinical case of a 12-year-old child with Mediterranean familial fever. Materials and methods. The analysis of the child's medical documentation was carried out.
Results. A 12-year-old patient M. was admitted to the VODKB No. 1 Medical Center in Voronezh with complaints of periodic abdominal pain, extremities, headaches, redness and eye irritation (uveit). From the age of 2, the girl has a skin lesion. From the age of 5-6, headaches appeared, and periodically the pain became intense. Pain syndrome also appeared from this age Diagnosis: I degree obesity (SDS +2.45), exogenous - constitutional, complicated. Autoimmune thyroiditis. Urinary tract infection. Uveitis is in remission. Arachnoid cyst of the hypocompal region. In the MGC in Moscow, a mutation of the MEFV gene in exon 10 was detected in a heterozygous state - pathogenic variant c.2177T (p. Va1726A1a$ p.V726A).
Conclusion. The disease in a child has an atypical course. Further tactics for managing the patient depend on determining the mechanism of the relationship between the underlying disease and concomitant diseases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):329-330
pages 329-330 views

Analysis of the prevalence of vitamins and dietary supplements, as well as their impact on children's health

Kopytina A.I., Ryakhina A.D., Ledneva V.S., Kolomatskaya V.V.

Abstract

Currently, vitamin preparations and dietary supplements are becoming increasingly popular among parents and their children. According to statistics in Russia over the past few years, the number of vitamins and dietary supplements sold is more than 359 million packages.

That is why the purpose of our study was to analyze the prevalence of taking vitamins and dietary supplements, as well as their effect on the child's body.

It was necessary to find out whether the children were taking vitamins as prescribed by a doctor or whether the parents had made the choice of the drug on their own. What drugs do parents most often choose for their children? Is there a correlation between the number of acute respiratory infections per year and taking a variety of vitamin preparations?

The work is based on a statistical analysis of questionnaires that were offered to parents who were with their children at the Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital № 2. The information was analyzed using the Excel electronic system.

70 families took part in the survey. Each of them was provided with a questionnaire of 25 items containing various questions about vitamins.

During the work, it was found out that vitamins and dietary supplements are quite common at the moment both among children and their parents. Drugs that are preferred by many families have been identified. A correlation has been established between the number of ARVI in children per year and the intake of vitamin preparations.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):330-333
pages 330-333 views

Orthopedic pathology in school-age children with physical developmental disorders

Kosygina A.I., Tikhonova A.A., Chernyshkova E.V., Lednev S.A., Ivannikova A.S.

Abstract

Introduction. One of the important conditions for the harmonious development of children and adolescents is the correct formation of the musculoskeletal system, corresponding to age-related anatomical and physiological norms. The conditions of the school environment contribute to the formation of a sedentary lifestyle, which in turn is a predisposing factor for the formation of orthopedic pathology. The purpose of this work is to study the chronic pathology of the musculoskeletal system in school-age children. Materials and methods of research. Using statistical analysis, data from 43 medical records of patients of the school age group who were in the rehabilitation department from 2022 to 2023 were considered. Based on the study, the most common pathologies characteristic of the group under consideration were identified. The results of such research methods as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, radiography, and densitometry were used. The results of the study. In the course of the work, the structure of orthopedic pathology in schoolchildren was studied. Such pathologies as scoliosis, chest deformities, hyperkyphosis and flat feet took the leading positions. With regard to physical development disorders, protein and energy deficiency was more common than overweight and obesity. Conclusion. As a result of the study, it was found that impaired physical development in the form of protein and energy deficiency is more often accompanied by chest deformities. There is a direct correlation between the degree of protein-energy deficiency and osteopenic syndrome, which predisposes to the formation of Z-shaped scoliosis. Overweight and obese children are more likely to be diagnosed with hyperkyphosis.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):333-335
pages 333-335 views

Mesadenitis in children: a multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment

Leonova V.V., Leonov S.A., Razuvaeva Y.Y., Ledneva V.S.

Abstract

The article presents research data on acute mesadenitis in children. Acute mesadenitis is a disease that still causes difficulties in diagnosis and treatment. Doctors of various specialties, such as pediatricians, gastroenterologists and pediatric surgeons, are still interested in this problem. The clinical picture of acute mesadenitis includes symptoms of an "acute abdomen", which makes it important for the differential diagnosis of other pathologies. The aim of the study is to identify the features of the etiology, clinic, diagnosis, and response to therapy of mesadenitis in Voronezh children. Mesadenitis is a fairly common disease, but approaches to diagnosis and treatment tactics cause difficulties for primary care physicians. It is more common in children aged 6 to 13 years due to the immaturity of their immune and digestive systems. Mesadenitis can be caused by infectious diseases, as well as the penetration of infection from other organs. The article will discuss etiology

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):335-339
pages 335-339 views

Adrenal neuroblastoma in the first year of life

Matros E.S., Aksenov A.O., Demina S.A., Larina L.E.

Abstract

Introduction. Neuroblastoma (NB) is a malignant extracranial solid tumor of the pediatric population. It can be localized in sympathetic parts of the nervous system and adrenal glands. It occurs sporadically but may be associated with a family history. Treatment tactics of this disease are different, depending on localization, stage and severity. Objective. To describe a patient with accidentally detected NB of the left adrenal gland. Materials and methods. Analysis of the patient's medical history, domestic and foreign literature on the subject of the article. Results. We present a clinical case of accidental detection of adrenal NB in a child of the first year of life who was taken to the hospital with anemia and suspected urinary tract infection. Complex diagnostics made it possible to establish the diagnosis. The child needs thorough examination, specialist consultations, selection of therapy and determination of further management tactics. Conclusion. Risk determination based on a combination of instrumental and laboratory diagnostic methods is no less important than early diagnosis of NB. To date, the search for new methods and schemes of treatment remains relevant due to its high share in the structure of pediatric mortality from oncologic diseases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):339-341
pages 339-341 views

Clinical observation of a child with hypopituitarism

Remezov M.B., Ovsyannikova C.O., Ivannikova A.S.

Abstract

Introduction. Hypopituitarism is a rare endocrine disease characterized by nonspecific clinical signs, asymptomatic progression, which often leads to late diagnosis and untimely initiation of therapy. The aim of the study was to describe the clinical observation of a child with hypopituitarism, to identify methods for diagnosing this disease according to scientific literature. Materials and methods of research. The analysis of medical documentation (the history of the child's development, the medical record of an outpatient patient, extracts from the medical history of a child undergoing inpatient treatment) of a patient with hypopituitarism was carried out. Results. A clinical case of hypopituitarism in a 4-year-old girl with the manifestation of the disease in the form of progressive obesity in the first year of life is described. During physical examination, excessive development of subcutaneous fat in the absence of any other signs of endocrine pathology attracted attention. The child was monitored for a long time for obesity, hypothyroidism, and received hormone replacement therapy. The diagnosis of hypopituitarism was established only at the age of 3 years on the basis of a clinical, laboratory and instrumental examination, with the determination of a hormonal profile, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain. Conclusion. Hypopituitarism, due to the presence of isolated forms, is often disguised as other endocrinological diseases, so clinicians need to be more attentive to obese patients, evaluate their hormonal profile and, if necessary, conduct an MRI of the brain.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):342-344
pages 342-344 views

The influence of feeding a young child on the formation of bronchial asthma and its course

Pozhidaeva D.N., Mikhailyuk Y.K., Rogachova-Radinskaya A.S. A.S.

Abstract

This article provides an analysis depending on the type of feeding of a child at an early age and the course of bronchial asthma, as well as its consequences. The study is based on a study of severe causes of the disease in patients of the pulmonology department of the Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Ward No. 1. The authors point out the role of breastfeeding in the treatment of primary diseases caused by atopic disease in children. The results of the study also include graphs, diagrams and a summary table that display the severity of bronchial asthma and the duration of the child's breastfeeding, taking into account the time of introduction of complementary foods. The benefits of breastfeeding in mild mild forms of bronchial asthma are reflected. The article also discusses the mechanisms of effective breastfeeding in diseases. Symptoms of changes in each form of the disease in children are given. The indicated average age diagnosed bronchial asthma in breastfed and bottle-fed children. The influence of breastfeeding time on the further development of the disease was assessed. In conclusion, the authors highlight the impact of breastfeeding on asthma in children and recommend it as a consistent feeding method in early childhood.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):344-348
pages 344-348 views

Cancer morbidity in children under three years of age in Voronezh and Voronezh Oblast

Prohorova M.S., Volosovets G.G., Yudina N.B.

Abstract

The article discusses the structure of oncologic morbidity in children under three years of age in Voronezh and Voronezh Oblast. Sometimes there is an opinion among the population that oncology is the domain of adult patients only, it is not typical for children; one of the objectives of our work was to refute this view.  The aim of the study was to determine the proportion of children under 3 years of age among all statistically registered cases of pediatric oncologic morbidity in Voronezh city and Voronezh region for the last 6 years (2018 - 2023). Materials and methods: analysis of medical records of oncologic patients aged up to 3 years who were on inpatient examination and treatment in the oncohematologic chemotherapy department of the Voronezh Regional Children's Clinical Hospital № 1. The results show what share in the structure of the total oncologic morbidity of children of the city of Voronezh and the region is occupied by children of early age - up to 3 years old. The data on the sex composition of children, on the place of residence, on the nosologic structure of morbidity are presented.  Special attention is paid to the morbidity of the youngest age group - children of the first year of life. Conclusion. Children under 3 years of age make up 27.3% of all children with cancer, children of the first year of life - 28.6% of all children under 3 years of age.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):348-351
pages 348-351 views

Assessment of nutritional status in hospitalized children

Proshina A.S., Shtukaturova S.V., Razuvaeva Y.Y., Ledneva V.S., Bavykina I.A.

Abstract

The article presents the data of the study on screening assessment of nutritional risk in children hospitalized in the infectious disease hospital of Voronezh using the STRONGKids questionnaire. Voronezh. Nutritional status is a complex of clinical, anthropometric and laboratory indicators characterizing the quantitative ratio of muscle and fat mass of a person. After all, any nutritional disorders lead to changes in metabolism and violation of adaptive capabilities of organisms due to the peculiarities of the child's body is formed quickly enough protein-energy insufficiency. Nutritional deficiency is a condition caused by a discrepancy between the intake of nutrients into the body and their consumption, which leads to a decrease in body weight and changes in the component composition of the body. Early screening and correction of nutritional deficiency will increase the effectiveness of therapeutic treatment, disease outcomes, reduce the risk of complications and reduce the number of bed days in hospital.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):351-353
pages 351-353 views

Analysis of daily blood pressure monitoring in children with normal body weight and obesity

Solopova E.V., Avdeeva E.S., Artushchenko A.I.

Abstract

Relevance. Arterial hypertension is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The body mass index is a significant criterion that determines the value of the blood pressure level. Goal. To conduct a comparative analysis of the indicators of daily blood pressure monitoring in children with normal body weight and with obesity of 2 and 3 degrees. Materials and methods. A study was conducted that included an analysis of the medical records of patients diagnosed with hypertension. The sample consisted of adolescents aged 12-17 years who were treated in the cardiology and endocrinology departments of the VDCB in 2023-2024. The analysis of the data of anamnesis, instrumental examination (daily monitoring of blood pressure), pharmacotherapy was carried out. Results. In obese children, the values of maximum total systolic and diastolic blood pressure are higher than in patients with normal body weight, higher pulse blood pressure values are noted, the degree of nocturnal decrease in SAD and DAD is less pronounced, and the time index of systolic blood pressure during the day is higher. Conclusion. The severity of hypertension depends on the patient's body weight. According to daily monitoring of blood pressure in children with normal body weight, hypertension proceeds relatively favorably. In obese children, the course has an unfavorable character, stable arterial hypertension is most often detected.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):354-358
pages 354-358 views

Community-acquired pneumonia in the outpatient practice of a pediatrician: Epidemiology, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment

Sotnikova M., Moshurova L.V., Ivanova A.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. Pneumonia is an acute infectious disease, different in etiology, characterized by intoxication, respiratory disorders, changes in the lungs. Early diagnosis and rational therapy of community-acquired pneumonia in outpatient practice is an important part of the course of the disease and recovery time of children. The goal of the work is to analyze the timing of diagnosis and course of community-acquired pneumonia at the pediatric site. Materials and methods. 58 electronic medical records of children from 0 to 18 years with pneumonia were analyzed in the children's polyclinic in Voronezh. Statistical, descriptive methods and analysis were used. Results. More than 95% of children with community-acquired pneumonia had fever, and 86% had cough. During auscultation of lungs dry wheezes were heard in more than half of patients. The right-sided localization of the process was observed. Pneumonia was equally of viral and bacterial (caused by Mycoplasma pneumoniae) etiology (37% each). All children received antibacterial (macrolides were the drugs of choice in 86.2%) and symptomatic therapy. Inhalations were received in 70.7%. Conclusions. Pneumonia has equally viral and atypical etiologies. The right-sided localization of the process was more frequent. Macrolides were used in most cases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):358-360
pages 358-360 views

Timomegaly at a young age. Its features and risks. Platter syndrome

Stepantsov S.S., Zatolokina M.A.

Abstract

Introduction. This study examines the enlargement of the thymus in young children against the background of a number of diseases and sudden death, as well as possible risks in the development of this disease in children. The goal of this study is to study the level of coverage of the issue of thymus enlargement in children due to SIDS among the medical community. Materials and methods. The research methods used were online surveys of students from different faculties and courses of KSMU, as well as the study of literary sources on the desired topic. Results. A sociological survey was carried out among students of different faculties and courses of KSMU. An analysis of the survey results was carried out, which revealed that the overwhelming number of students consider recruitment to be a more thorough issue of studying the issue of thymomegaly against the background of SIDS. The study of literary sources led to the same results. Conclusions. A more thorough study of this issue is necessary in order to establish the true causes of thymomegaly, primarily against the background of sudden infant death syndrome

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):360-363
pages 360-363 views

Current issues in adolescent nutrition

Suvorova O.A., Sahabetdinov B.A., Yangirova A.R.

Abstract

The Russian Federation is represented by many regions that have peculiarities of nutrition by seasons and regions. The Republic of Tatarstan is a multinational subject, the traditions of which influence the formation of children's nutritional habits. At the same time, the rhythm of large cities, employment in everyday life leads to an increase in the energy expended in a short period of time, which contributes to the popularization of "streetfood" and "fastfood". In this paper, we examine the influence of traditions and popularization of junk food relevant to adolescent's nutritional habits. The purpose of the study was to analyze the diet and food system, to determine the influence of ethnic traditions and junk food on food habits. In this article we present two studies conducted, in which parents and adolescents of the Republic of Tatarstan were questioned and children's diet was analyzed. As a result of these studies, a distortion of eating behavior was revealed, due to the influence of both the traditions of the region and the popularization of high-calorie food. Distortion of nutritional habits through the consumption of high-calorie and unbalanced food affects the disruption of the body system and internal organs of adolescents and leads to serious diseases of the cardiovascular system and gastrointestinal tract.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):363-364
pages 363-364 views

Assessment of physical, sexual development and body component composition in girls with idiopathic premature sexual development

Filippova U.I., Frigina V.O., Evdokimova N.V.

Abstract

The article examines the influence of the idiopathic form of premature sexual development (iPPD) on the features of body composition, physical and sexual development in girls of preschool and primary school age. PPD is manifested by the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics in girls under 8 years of age and, with incorrect diagnosis and treatment, PPD can lead to stunting in adulthood, disability, decreased quality of life, social deprivation, impaired reproductive function, and tumor diseases. The indicators were evaluated using modern research methods (bioimpedance, sigma and centile tables, assessment of sexual development was carried out using Taner), which makes it possible to identify common patterns in the development of girls with STI. Among the features, it is worth noting that all patients had tallness and obesity of 1-2 degrees. The development of secondary sexual characteristics corresponds to stage II according to Tanner, characterized by "inverted" puberty. The component composition of the body is characterized by an increase in musculoskeletal mass and the proportion of musculoskeletal mass, bone mineral mass, active cell mass and the proportion of active cell mass, total fluid, and a high level of basal metabolism.
These studies can be used to correct the consequences that develop against the background of the underlying disease (STI).

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):364-365
pages 364-365 views

The study of the features of the infant form of Pompe disease and defective disorders of β-fatty acids on a clinical example

Shokurova M.P., Hafizova N.R.

Abstract

Introduction. The combination of two metabolic pathologies: glycogenosis type 2 known as Pompe disease and β -oxidation of fatty acids is extremely rare in practice, as far as the authors know, there is no scientific literature describing such a combination of the two diseases. Often, the infant form of Pompe disease causes the death of a child, due to progressive myopathy, in some cases even resuscitation measures have a low effect. Defective disorders of fatty acid oxidation are also highly lethal and can manifest themselves as a lag in neuropsychiatric development and damage to the muscular link. Goal. To study the features of the course of two rare metabolic diseases in a child with additional pathologies of a non-exchangeable nature. Materials and methods. A search for literary works on the chosen topic was performed, the medical history and discharge epicrisis, laboratory and instrumental results and patient genetics were studied. Statistical data on the occurrence of these pathologies among the child population have been processed. Results. A general description of the clinical case is given. The features of Pompe disease and congenital changes in the oxidation of fatty acids are revealed, assumptions are made about the dynamics of diseases and possible deviations in the development of the child in the future. The risks of the development and progression of certain disorders have been identified. Conclusions. The diseases have a number of similar symptoms, which contributes to an increased negative impact on the main life support systems of the child, which requires new approaches to the management of such children, if possible. The rarity of the disease precludes sufficient awareness of these diseases.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):366-368
pages 366-368 views

A clinical case of pathology of the short arm of chromosome 7 in a child

Shokurova M., Khabibulina A.R.

Abstract

Introduction. The genetics of diseases is currently an insufficiently studied, but actively developing scientific field. Chromosomal mutations with multiple manifestations of various pathologies due to the complexity of genetic combinations and extreme rarity lead to the fact that when such situations occur, doctors cannot fully provide professional assistance and predict the further course of the disease, as a result of lack of information. If we take into account the fact that such anomalies begin to manifest themselves symptomatically already in infancy and quite often cause serious deviations from the norm, as well as in some cases are life-threatening, then a long collection of necessary data on the pathogenesis and etiology of the disease can irreversibly worsen the patient's condition. Goal. To study the features of the clinical picture in pathology with a rare genetic anomaly. Materials and methods. The available scientific literature on the chosen topic is reviewed, the analysis of the medical history, discharge epicrisis, results of laboratory-instrumental, physical and genetic research is carried out. Results. The general characteristics of the clinical case are presented. Possible features of the disease have been identified. Conclusions. The main clinical picture of the pathology consists of a set of syndromes of damage to the nervous, cardiovascular, genitourinary and musculoskeletal systems. The patient has a delayed neuropsychiatric development and atrial septal defect, with relatively normal physical development.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):368-371
pages 368-371 views

Hemorrhagic vasculitis in children over a five-year period from 2019 to 2023, taking into account the new coronavirus infection

Yurchenko A.S., Streltsova V.V., Zhiteneva A.I., Zakirov M.M., Nastusheva T.L.

Abstract

Hemorrhagic vasculitis in children over a five-year period from 2019 to 2023, taking into account the new coronavirus infection

Yurchenko A.S., Streltsova V.V.

Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. Burdenko

Scientific supervisor – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Nastausheva T.L.

 

Abstract.

Introduction. Hemorrhagic vasculitis is the most common pathology among systemic vasculitis in children. During hemorrhagic vasculitis (HV), small vessels of the skin are always affected, clinically manifested by pinpoint rashes. According to the literature, the new coronavirus infection leads to increasing of autoimmune diseases and changing of their course. . Purpose of study. Analysis of the frequency of hospitalizations of children with HV for the period of 2019-2023y. and assessment of the course of the disease. Materials and methods. A retrospective and prospective analysis of the medical records of children with HV who were hospitalized in Voronezh regional children”s hospital № 1 from 01.01.2019 to 12.31.2023y. was carried out. Results. Over the past 5 years, 92 patients with HV (49 boys and 43 girls) were hospitalized. The age of the patients ranged from 3 to 17 years. Dynamics of hospitalizations of children with HV: in 2019 18 patients were hospitalized, in 2020 – 21 patients, in 2021 – 6 patients, for 2022 - 18 patients, in 2023 – 29 children. There were 22 patients who needed repeated hospitalizations because exacerbations of disease and/or kidney damage. Conclusion. YV is a common pathology among children. During the COVID-19 pandemic, the number of hospitalized children with HV has decreased significantly. These children could have been in an infectious diseases hospital. In 2023, there will be an increase in hospitalized children. Because of exacerbations of disease and/or kidney damage 23,9% patients needed repeated hospitalizations.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):371-373
pages 371-373 views

ARFID: risk factors and early detection in children

Yarushkina I.S., Tonsheva E.A., Razuvaeva Y.Y., Ledneva V.S.

Abstract

Eating disorders are becoming more common, and in 2013 two new concepts were introduced into psychiatric practice: avoidant restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID) and binge eating disorder (BED). Avoidant restrictive food intake disorder is a type of eating disorder in which people eat only within an extremely narrow range of foods. This disorder has so far been little studied, but it is increasingly common in younger and preschool children, which requires a cautious attitude towards this disease among both pediatricians and doctors of other specialties. On the basis of the VODKB № 2 and the MC "Zdorovy rebenok" in Voronezh in the period from October to December 2023, we conducted a study to find out how many children suffer from ARFID, to identify significant risk factors for the formation of this disease and the relationship between an eating disorder and other diseases of various etiologies.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):373-375
pages 373-375 views

Поликлиническая терапия

Cardiac arrhythmias in pregnant women: diagnosis and treatment options

Bobkova S.D., Turnova M.A., Ryaboshapko A.I., Balashova M.E.

Abstract

Introduction. Heart rhythm disturbances can occur at any stage of pregnancy, their spectrum is wide, both benign and high-grade arrhythmias can be observed, which have a negative effect on the mother and the fetus, leading to a complicated course of pregnancy.The goal of study is determine the frequency, nature, possible causes of heart rhythm disturbances and the possibility of treatment during pregnancy. Materials and methods. The work was carried out in an antenatal clinic. A group of pregnant women (125 women) in the I-III trimester, aged 18 to 34 years, was selected. To diagnose arrhythmias and their possible causes, all pregnant women underwent a comprehensive examination.Result. The majority of pregnant women (68%) were diagnosed with various rhythm disturbances, which more often occurred against the background of various pathologies, their number increased with increasing gestational age. The most common types were sinus tachycardia, ventricular and atrial extrasystole. Supraventricular paroxysmal tachycardia has been rarely observed.There were no severe arrhythmias in the pregnant women we observed. Treatment was carried out for poor tolerance of arrhythmias, clinically significant rhythm disturbances, taking into account existing somatic pathology.Conclusions. Most pregnant women experience various heart rhythm disturbances, the frequency of which increases with the duration of pregnancy. They occur most often against the background of somatic pathology. Drug correction of arrhythmias should be carried out after lifestyle modification and treatment of existing pathology with drugs approved for use in pregnant women.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):376-378
pages 376-378 views

Rational nutrition of medical students

Gamzatgadzhiev G., Abdulkadirov I., Krasnikova N.V.

Abstract

Introduction: The issue of population nutrition remains open for decades, and the nutrition of medical university students is considered as the main problem of the present time, since it is the first meal that gives a huge amount of energy and improves brain activity. The aim of the work is to evaluate the morning meal of the students of V.I. Razumovsky SSMU and to develop recommendations on the nutrition of students. Materials and methods. Respondents in the number of 421 people were students of 1-6 courses of V.I. Razumovsky SSMU. The source of collecting information about the nutrition of students was a questionnaire, which included the questions of dietary intake and the type of food consumed. The results of the study revealed that the majority of medical university students, despite the high mental load, did not follow the diet and recommendations on macronutrient composition of products that make up the first meal, which significantly affected the performance of students, their academic performance and quality of knowledge. Conclusion. The results of the questionnaire indicate irrational nutrition of students of V.I. Razumovsky SSMU. Recommendations on rationalization of nutrition should include advice related to optimization of diet, development of booklets with advice on balanced nutrition, organization of conversations with doctors.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):378-380
pages 378-380 views

Irrational pharmacotherapy of patients 60 years of age and older with comorbid diseases as a cause of cognitive and psychoemotional disorders

Muradova A.S., Muravitskaya M.N., Pashkova A.A., Plehanova A.I.

Abstract

Abstract.Introduction.Every year there is an increase in the number of elderly and senile people, and along with this there is an increase in the prevalence of cognitive impairment (CI). Target. To assess the prevalence and nature of CI, taking into account pharmacotherapy and adherence to treatment in elderly and senile people with comorbid pathology. Materials and methods. The clinical study was conducted on the basis of the VGKP №4. A group of patients was formed - 116 people 60 years of age and older with chronic non-communicable diseases. To diagnose senile asthenia, the “Age is not a hindrance” questionnaire was used; cognitive and psycho-emotional disorders, - clock drawing tests, Mini-Cog, MMSE, Geriatric Depression Scale. Pharmacotherapy in patients 60 years of age and older was assessed using the STOPP/START criteria. Results. 101 (87.1%)patients with hypertension, 87(75%) patients with dyslipidemia, and 99 (85.3%) patients with senile asthenia had irrational pharmacotherapy. Non-dementia cognitive disorders were found in 83 (71.6%) patients with chronic NCDs according to the Mini-Cog data and 36 (31%) according to the MMSE data. Probable dementia was verified in every fifth (Mini-Cog) and every second (MMSE) patient. Probable depression was detected in 77(66.4%)geriatric patients. Conclusion. This study showed an underestimation of the high prevalence of cognitive disorders in people over 60 years of age.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):380-385
pages 380-385 views

Профилактическая медицина

The formation of dependence on mobile devices

Abramova Y.A., Gurov V.R., Kochetkova I.V., Fursova E.A., Petrovo T.N.

Abstract

Introduction. Introduction. Currently, the study of the spread of bad habits among young people occupies one of the leading positions in the prevention of diseases. Dependence on mobile devices occupies one of the leading positions among people of all age groups. Adults and children spend hours in front of the screen of their smartphones, playing games and diving into social networks, which can negatively affect not only their learning process and sociality of activity, but also their health. Young people are more susceptible to this addiction than others, as they use their phones for study, communication and entertainment. Goal. To find out the key factors influencing the emergence of dependence on mobile devices, to develop and propose solutions to this problem. Materials and methods. To compile and analyze an anonymous questionnaire for a sociological study of addiction among medical university students. In addition, qualitative methods of information collection were used in the course of the study. Group discussions were held with students to identify their opinions and views on mobile phone addiction. Results. 49 people took part in the survey, the female gender prevailed. 28.6% of students are annoyed when they cannot use a mobile phone, and 49% are nervous when the phone battery is almost empty. Most people feel anxious when they forget their phone at home. Some respondents had problems with health, physical activity and learning process due to excessive use of mobile devices. According to the results of the survey, 75.5% of the respondents are stressed. 36.7% of students believe that it is necessary to reduce their phone usage time. According to the respondents, myopia and headaches were considered the main adverse consequences of excessive use of mobile phones. Students believe that in order to get rid of phone addiction, it is necessary, first of all, to assess their attitude to the phone and make it a rule to remove the phone from the bedroom in the evenings. Conclusions. The study of the formation of dependence on mobile phones is an urgent and important topic, especially among students. In the medical sense, addiction is defined as "a systemic change in the mental processes and behaviors of a person, characterized by a strong desire or persistent craving for a particular substance, object, or activity (an "addictive agent"), which may cause pleasure, euphoria, relief from stress, or a pleasant altered state of consciousness. Only through an integrated approach can effective strategies be developed to manage this problem and create healthy digital habits among students.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):386-388
pages 386-388 views

Comparative analysis of the level of awareness of medical students about the impact of e-cigarettes on the body

Akperova S.R., Gorushkina E., Dimitrova C.G., Tolbin A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. With each passing year, electronic cigarettes are gaining more and more popularity in the world, especially among young people. At the same time, there is a tendency for people who have never smoked before to start their smoking experience with the use of electronic nicotine delivery systems. Objective of the study. To analyze the level of awareness of medical students about the design of electronic nicotine delivery systems, their effect on the body, and to identify the percentage of individuals who have used or tried to use these systems as smoking cessation. Materials and Methods. A questionnaire survey among the students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU was analyzed. Results. The study revealed that the vast majority of students have used electronic nicotine delivery systems at least once in their lives, with more than half of the respondents having a smoking experience of 3 or more years. The overwhelming majority of respondents believe that electronic nicotine delivery systems are not a safer option for nicotine use than conventional cigarettes. Conclusion. Despite the high level of awareness of the harms of electronic nicotine delivery systems among future health care professionals, still the majority use this method of smoking.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):388-390
pages 388-390 views

Comparative analysis of the level of physical education of students of educational organization of higher education of medical and technical profiles

Akperova S.R., Gorushkina E.S., Dimitrova C.G., Tolbin A. .

Abstract

Introduction. At the present moment of time in the system of higher education there is a tendency to intensification of educational process. Taking into account the requirements set by the Federal State Educational Standard, the training program in higher education institution includes the discipline "Physical Culture", however, the focus on reducing the number of training hours on this subject and their uneven distribution leads to an increase in the number of students falling into the risk group by the level of physical health. Objective. To determine and compare the level of physical development of students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU and VGTU.  Materials and methods. The questionnaire survey was conducted among the students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU and VSTU aged 18-23 years, the analysis and generalization of the obtained data were performed. The questionnaire was conducted using a questionnaire based on universal questionnaires for assessing the level of physical education. The questioning demonstrated similar level of physical activity in students of different universities at different multiplicity of loads, high frequency of chronic diseases. Justification of the obtained results was given.  Conclusions. The unfavorable influence of the current epidemiological situation on the level of physical development of students, the need to create systems for monitoring the state of physical health, the importance of formation and maintenance of motivation to a healthy lifestyle are noted.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):390-392
pages 390-392 views

The prevalence of awareness of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases among students of RostSMU

Antonyan B.G., Mkrtycheva K.B.

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, the creation of a healthy nation is one of the most important tasks for the state, since a healthy nation is a guarantee of Russia's prosperity. According to WHO data, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the leading cause of death worldwide. It should be noted that the majority of patients are people of working age, which affects the socio-economic indicators of our country. Goal. To determine whether there is a correlation between the gender identity of RostSMU students and their level of awareness of CVD factors, preventive measures and lifestyle. Materials and methods. The sample (n=350) was selected by the method of typical representatives based on the inclusion criteria – students of RostSMU. The respondents were divided into 2 groups: group 1 – girls and group 2 – boys.  Results. The majority of respondents believe that physical inactivity, hard physical labor, stress and bad habits have an equal impact on CVD. The majority of students face CVD risk factors. Participants from the 1st group noted stress, overeating/obesity and physical inactivity, and from the 2nd group - bad habits, overeating/obesity and physical inactivity. It is worth noting that students take a number of measures to prevent the development of CVD – compliance with the principles of rational nutrition, exercise, minimizing stress and generating positive emotions. Conclusions. Both groups of students showed a fairly high level of awareness about the risk factors for developing CVD and measures for their prevention. No correlation was found.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):392-395
pages 392-395 views

Cholelithiasis as a norm of modern society

Buinova M.D., Titova A.V., Morozov A.М.

Abstract

Abstract.Introduction. Nutrition is an important part of a healthy lifestyle. Currently, in Russia, according to Rosstat, 73.2% of men and 84.9% of women have diseases, the etiological factor of which is non-compliance with the diet. Cholelithiasis is no exception, its second name is "The Disease of civilization". The incidence of cholelithiasis increases significantly every year. Goal. To assess whether gallstone disease is the "norm" in the realities of the present time or not. Materials and methods. The object of the study were respondents from different courses of all faculties of TvSMU, patients in the surgical hospital of the GBUZ GKB No. 7 in Tver, as well as respondents with cholelithiasis. Results. The statistical data of the conducted study showed that in respondents with a confirmed diagnosis of gallstone disease and in respondents who did not have this diagnosis, the nature of nutrition and lifestyle practically did not differ from each other. Conclusion. Based on this study, it can be assumed that the entire population is susceptible to cholelithiasis, and therefore a special place should be given to the prevention of cholelithiasis.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):395-399
pages 395-399 views

The study of awareness of risk factors for the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases

Bykovskiy A., Zolotykh A., Kochetkova I.V., Fursova E.A., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

Resume. This research article examines the issue of awareness of risk factors for the
development of chronic non-communicable diseases. The purpose of the study is to determine
the level of awareness of the population about risk factors and the state of their own health.
Materials and methods of research. Data collection: A structured questionnaire was used to
collect information on risk factors for chronic noncommunicable diseases among the
population. Statistical analysis: To analyze public awareness of risk factors, a descriptive
statistical method will be used, including averages, standard deviations and percentages. A
correlation analysis method will be used to study the relationship between the level of
awareness of risk factors and demographic variables such as age, gender and education
Conclusions: The results of the study show that the surveyed people have low awareness
of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases. Especially low
awareness relates to health monitoring, including ignorance of blood pressure, cholesterol
and glucose levels. This indicates a lack of information among the respondents about the
importance of these indicators for monitoring their health and identifying the risk of developing
chronic non-communicable diseases in time. In addition, the results show that they rarely visit
medical institutions. This may be due to an incorrect attitude towards one's health and a lack
of understanding of the importance of regular health monitoring. This highlights the need to
raise awareness of regular medical examinations and consultations to prevent chronic
noncommunicable diseases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):399-402
pages 399-402 views

To study students' knowledge and understanding of sexually transmitted diseases and their prevention

Glazkova E.V., Kochetkova I.V., Fursova E.A., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

 

Introduction. Infectious diseases in general and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in particular are a pressing public health problem [1]. Every year, 500 million people acquire one of the four main forms of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs): chlamydia, gonorrhea, syphilis or trichomoniasis. In particular, among modern youth, where free sexual relations are increasingly spreading. Target. To study the knowledge and awareness of students in the field of sexually transmitted diseases. Materials and methods. Conducting a sociological study on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education “VSMU named after. N.N. Burdenko" Voronezh, Studencheskaya street 10. Questioning. Results. 124 people took part in the survey, of which only 75% of respondents know what an STD is, the remaining 25% have no idea what they are talking about; 31.5% of students began to be sexually active at the age of 14-17, more than half of students 52.4% believe that 2-3 partners or more per year is acceptable for our time, the main thing is to protect yourself, only 75.8% of students know If you become infected with an STI, you must treat the disease by consulting a doctor. Conclusions. A sociological study has shown that information messages occupy a large niche in the prevention of STDs. Reminders about the risk of contracting sexually transmitted diseases and other sexually transmitted diseases force students to think about their sex lives.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):402-406
pages 402-406 views

Analysis of the conducted sociological research on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education «Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University»

Zolotareva J.A., Fursova E.A., Kochetkova I.V., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

Abstract.
Introduction. A healthy lifestyle is incompatible with such a bad habit as alcohol
consumption, because this prevents its approval. Alcohol consumption is one of the most important risk factors for many diseases that negatively affect human health and performance.The goal of this study is to study and analyze the attitude of respondents to a bad habit – alcohol, among students of Voronezh State Medical University named after Nikolai Nilovich Burdenko.Materials and methods. We conducted a sociological study on the attitude of students of Voronezh State
Medical University named after Nikolai Nilovich Burdenko to such a bad habit as alcohol.Results. Of the 100% of the surveyed students, 68.9% drink alcoholic beverages, of which: 17 people (23%) are boys, and 34 people (46%) are girls. Respondents prefer alcoholic beverages such as wine, vermouth, champagne (51%); they also consume light low-alcohol cocktails (45.1%); beer (41.2%);
they will not give up strong alcoholic beverages (33.3%). 79.7% of respondents know about the dangers of alcohol. However, 20.3% believe that the harm of alcohol to the body depends on the amount of alcohol consumed.Conclusions. Alcohol is a risk factor for the occurrence of chronic non - infectious diseasesin students of the VSMU. Burdenko of the city of Voronezh.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):406-410
pages 406-410 views

On the relevance of the construction of a waste processing plant in the Irkutsk region

Ivanova M.C., Vlasenko Y.D., Zaikova Z.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The Irkutsk region is among the top ten most environmentally disadvantaged regions of Russia, ranking 79th in the national environmental rating. This environmental condition negatively affects the living standards and health of citizens. The aim of the work was to analyze the existing system of solid municipal waste collection and storage in the Irkutsk region, as well as the prospects for its development according to the data of official sources and a survey of residents. The following methods were used in the work: analytical, sociological, statistical (calculation of 95 % confidence interval (CI) and structural analysis). During the analysis of documents it was established that the priority method of waste management in the region is burial; the infrastructure for garbage processing is developing slowly, measures to reduce the volume of its formation and burial are not taken. The results of the questionnaire revealed that 85,2 % of the population support nature protection measures, 88,0 % of Irkutsk citizens are aware of the negative consequences of open disposal of garbage in landfills and 90,3 % agree with the need to modernize waste storage methods. Statistically significant differences are determined for two groups of respondents, one of which is in favor of the construction of a waste processing plant – 90,3 %, and the other is against – 1,7 %, which indicates a high level of acceptance of innovations in waste processing by the population of the Irkutsk region.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):410-415
pages 410-415 views

Tactics of a general practitioner for comorbid pathology in an obese patient

Ignatova Y.S., Panina O. ., Semynina N.M.

Abstract

Introduction. In clinical practice, the consequence of eating disorders is often obesity and overweight, which are associated with various somatic pathologies. Without correcting food addiction, solving weight problems does not provide lasting positive results. Target. To study comorbid pathology in obesity and identify types of eating disorders. Materials and methods. Observation and study of 65 patients aged 18-50 years with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2. Study of heredity, body weight, height, waist and hip circumferences, resting heart rate, blood pressure (ABPM), ECG/24-hour monitoring, general and biochemical blood tests, ultrasound of the abdominal organs and FEGDS. The type of eating behavior was determined using the DEBQ questionnaire. Results. Obesity of the 1st degree was accompanied by cardiovascular diseases, GERD and pathology of the urinary system. The type of eating disorder is restrictive. In patients with 2 degrees of obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular pathology, GERD and NAFLD were recorded. The type of eating disorder is restrictive and emotional. With degree 3 obesity, patients often suffer from cardiovascular pathology, GERD, type 2 diabetes mellitus and disorders of the musculoskeletal system, and the emotional type of eating disorder predominated. Conclusions. Taking into account comorbid pathology and the type of eating disorder in obesity involves the involvement of specialists in related fields for successful treatment results and improving the quality of life of patients.

Key words: obesity; comorbidity; eating behavior

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):415-418
pages 415-418 views

Effective ways and means of abortion prevention among young population

Kalashnikova E.V., Kochetkova I.V., Fursova E.A., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

Introduction. For many years Russia has been one of the leading countries in the number of abortions. Any artificial termination of pregnancy is always a stress for the organism, which can then affect the health of the woman and the future generation. In this regard, prevention and prophylaxis of abortions and their complications is one of the main tasks in preserving women's reproductive health and a guarantee of giving birth to healthy offspring. Objective. To study and quantify the opinions of the young generation regarding sexual intercourse before marriage, the consequences of abortion and its prevention. Materials and Methods. A sociological study among the students of the N.N. Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University was conducted using a questionnaire in Google form. Results. 17.2% of students have a negative attitude to abortion, considering it a murder. Abortion prevention should include, according to respondents, the following:

- Medical literacy (82.8%);

- accessibility and promotion of contraceptives (81.9%);

- Improving the quality of information, education and awareness (81%)

Conclusions. The issue of sex education, awareness about types of contraception, harmful effects of abortion is especially important for such category of people as students. Having conducted the study, the data can be used for educational work to inform the young generation about the culture of reproductive health and behavior.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):418-419
pages 418-419 views

Studying the attitude of cadets to a healthy lifestyle

Danilova M.S., Kochetkova I.V., Barabanova I.A., Petrova T. .

Abstract

Introduction.. Health is the most important value in the life of every person, it is the result of the joint work of all body systems and personality. A healthy lifestyle is not only a special diet or sports, but also a whole range of measures aimed at improving health indicators. Goal. the study of the attitude of the young part of the population to a healthy lifestyle. Materials and methods. The object of this study are students of the VUNTS of the Air Force "Air Force Academy named after Professor N.E. Zhukovsky and Yu.A. Gagarin" Voronezh.The method of conducting the research is a survey using an anonymous questionnaire.The materials for consideration of this topic were the sources of relevant scientific literature on the processes of formation and methods of prevention of a healthy lifestyle. Results. In the course of the conducted sociological research, it was revealed that out of 100% of the respondents surveyed:- 28.3 smoke%;- they consume alcoholic beverages – 41.3%;- they consume harmful products - 87%;- exposed to stress - 39.1%. In connection with the data obtained, all the interviewed students were given recommendations on correcting their lifestyle in order to reduce the risk of CVD in the future. Conclusions. Based on the results of the study, it can be emphasized that the need to strengthen and preserve the health of young people plays an important role in the health sector, since an increased risk of lifestyle disorders against the background of the educational process can lead to the formation of chronic non-communicable diseases. Targeted programs for the preservation and promotion of health have been developed based on the data obtained.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):419-424
pages 419-424 views

Daily routine as a basis for the prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases

Kochetkova I.V., Alekseev A.V., Krasilya A.M., Fursova E.A., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

Introduction. Health is a set of multifaceted processes, the result of our actions. The ideal state of the body is what every person should strive for. Materials and methods: 84 students were examined using a questionnaire on a google form. Results: - do not go in for sports – 52.4%;are in a state of stress – 86.9%; do not do exercises in the morning – 78.6%; do not have breakfast every day – 46.4%; do not have lunch – 28.6%; do not eat dinner – 63.1%; do not get enough sleep – 59.5%. Conclusions: thus, lack of control over one’s health, rare visits to medical organizations, ignorance of basic blood parameters and pressure are risk factors for the occurrence of chronic NCDs among students of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VSMU named after. Burdenko of the city of Voronezh.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):425-430
pages 425-430 views

The influence of tobacco smoking on the state of cognitive functions in medical students

Lykova E.A., Roslaya N.A.

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. The problem of smoking tobacco is perceived by most as a fairly harmless habit. Abuse begins at an early age.. Smoking has a negative effect on the state of cognitive functions. Students of medical universities are role models in relation to lifestyle for the population. Therefore, it is important to form the right attitude towards smoking among doctors. Goal. To evaluate the effect of smoking on the cognitive functions of 3-4 year students of the Ural State Medical University, Yekaterinburg. Materials and methods. The main research method was an anonymous online survey conducted using Google forms. To assess the processes of memory, memorization, preservation and reproduction, 10 participants underwent the Luria test "Memorizing 10 words". The data was processed statistically using the Microsoft Office Excel 2013 package. Results. The students were divided into 2 groups: smokers ever before and non-smokers. During the survey, it was possible to trace the age of onset of addiction in most of the subjects with a bad habit, the main complaints related to smoking. Thanks to the Luria test, we were able to assess the effect of smoking on the processes of attention and memory in smoking and non-smoking students. Conclusions. Smoking has an effect on cognitive functions in medical university students. Assessment of the impact of smoking on cognitive functions using a questionnaire may be useful in the development of primary prevention measures in a comprehensive format. It is necessary to prevent the development of habits at an early age.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):430-433
pages 430-433 views

Daytime sleepiness and food preferences students of a medical university

Prokhorov D., Venevtseva Y.L.

Abstract

Studying the influence of daytime sleepiness on the diet of medical students is of interest, with the aim of developing a commitment to the principles of healthy eating and sleep hygiene among future doctors.

The subject of the study was to study the manifestations of daytime sleepiness and eating habits among medical students.

Materials and methods. The study included data from 174 female second, third and fourth year students who completed a survey using the Epworth Daytime Sleepiness Scale and the ESSE-RF questionnaire (information about the respondents, body mass index, information about foods).

Results and conclusion. Girls with symptoms of daytime sleepiness more often noted the absence of fish and/or seafood in their weekly diet (p=0.03). Girls without significant manifestations of daytime sleepiness were less likely to add additional salt to their food (p=0.02), and also somewhat less likely to drink sugar-containing drinks (p=0.09). Most students, regardless of Epworth score, did not include the recommended amount of fruits and vegetables in their daily diet. There were no significant differences in body weight among girls.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):433-435
pages 433-435 views

Possible causes of deterioration of students' memory in preparation for exams

Samokhina A.A., Aivazova D.S.

Abstract

Introduction. Many students note a decrease in their memorization abilities during exam preparation. The article explores the possible and actual causes of this process. The main role in memory impairment is played by hypoxia, which develops for a number of reasons, including due to the occurrence and progression of fatigue. It stimulates pathological processes in neurons and causes a violation of the formation of synapses between them. There are also other negative factors that cause violations of information assimilation — as a rule, incorrect rest and a violation of the balance between rest and mental stress. The goal of this study is identifiting which of the negative factors are most relevant for students and suggest options for adjusting their daily routine. Materials and methods. A search for literary sources has been carried out to establish a link between negative effects on the body and the formation of brain hypoxia. To identify the actual types of negative impacts, a survey of students of the medical institute was created and conducted. The survey was conducted with 100 students. Based on a survey of students of the medical institute, the main factors that lead to the development of hypoxia and fatigue are identified — a violation of the daily routine, a decrease in sleep duration, as well as the use of products that stimulate the activity of the nervous system.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):435-441
pages 435-441 views

Regional aspects of anti-drug education of students of natural sciences of Kursk and Voronezh regions in the new medical and social conditions of post-pandemic reality

Tymoshilov V.I., Sertakov I.A., Sviridov D.V., Kornienko A.S., Zemskov A.M., Breusov A.V.

Abstract

Resume. Introduction. Drug addiction is a significant problem in the modern world. Federal legislation on health protection defines prevention as the sphere of competence of regional authorities, and in the regions of the Chernozem region, legal acts and targeted programs have been adopted that are different in content, but conceptually similar: they are all based on the priority of anti-drug education of young people, but different bodies and institutions are empowered to provide methodological support and practical implementation of thematic events. In this regard, there is a need for comparative monitoring of the indicators of various forms of anti-drug education in neighboring territories. The purpose of the work. To study the differences in the implementation and information content of work on the prevention of drug-related diseases among students of the natural science profile of the Kursk and Voronezh regions.  Materials and methods. In the Kursk region, within the framework of the project supported by the RSF grant №23-28-10301, a survey of 423 students studying in medical and biological specialties was conducted. The volume of a similar study conducted by Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko in its region amounted to 718 observations. In data processing, the calculation and comparison of the proportions of respondents for each position were used, with the calculation of confidence intervals at p≤0.05 and the assessment of the reliability of the data difference for the Kursk and Voronezh regions according to the Student's criterion. Results. The events most widely held in the Voronezh Region, which covered more than 30% of the surveyed students, are organized video screenings, including educational films, self–access to medical Internet resources, and face-to-face lectures by doctors. In the Kursk region, coverage rates of 30% or more were obtained for videos and speeches by medical workers directly in front of student groups. The approach itself in Kursk can be assessed as less centralized, since there is no such obvious group of leading events as in Voronezh. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate a more centralized nature of anti-drug work with natural science students in Voronezh and a greater variety of approaches to prevention in Kursk. Among students of medical and biological specialties of the Voronezh Region, involvement in research and journalistic work with independent study and analysis of professional information is much more common.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):441-444
pages 441-444 views

World experience in organizing a cervical cancer prevention system

Tolbin A.A., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

Relevance. Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death among women worldwide. WHO has developed a draft global strategy to combat cervical cancer, which is a three-level prevention system.

            Goal: to conduct a critical analysis and review of databases and literature sources on current issues of organizing the global system for the prevention of cervical cancer.

Materials and methods: analysis of literature data containing information on the organization of the medical care system for women infected with HPV for the purpose of early diagnosis and prevention of cervical cancer (PubMed, E-library, Scopus).

Results: Based on the data obtained during the critical review, it can be concluded that the topic of cervical cancer prevention is relevant and requires the attention of healthcare professionals around the world. The growing trend in the number of advanced forms requires the development of new ways of early prevention and effective diagnosis of the pathological condition.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):444-446
pages 444-446 views

The Need for Primary Care Physicians to Implement Digital Technologies for Increasing Cancer Awareness

Tolbin A.A., Izmalkova A.A., Petrova T.N.

Abstract

 Introduction. Oncology presents a serious challenge to modern medicine in Russia, reducing quality and life expectancy, while early cancer diagnosis is critically important for treatment success. Primary care physicians play a key role in the early diagnosis of cancer, making the enhancement of their cancer awareness particularly relevant. The implementation of digital technologies can significantly improve the process of detecting oncological diseases, increasing the chances of successful patient treatment.

Objective. To assess the need for automated software among primary care physicians to increase cancer awareness during consultations.

Materials and Methods. Anonymous survey of physicians in the Voronezh region, involving 150 participants.

Results. It was found that 88% of physicians see the need for the development of specialized software solutions to increase cancer awareness. Additionally, 71% believe that such an addition will help expedite and simplify their work during consultations. 10% of physicians were against this, mainly due to fears of increased workload as a result of adding a new component to their work, and 22% of respondents believe that the introduction of additional digital components may complicate the work of "older medical workers."

Conclusions. The introduction of additional software can not only contribute to more effective and timely detection of oncological diseases but also simplify the work of medical specialists.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):447-448
pages 447-448 views

Awareness of medical University students about the essence of the concepts of memory, dementia and its non-drug prevention

Tskhvitava T., Mkrtycheva K.B.

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of dementia is currently one of the main directions in perspective medicine, due to the global aging of the population and the increasing spread of diseases of «decrepit organs». Dementia is one of the main causes of death among the elderly population and their disability and the need for someone's help. On average, women are more likely to suffer from dementia. Today, medicine cannot offer a panacea for dementia, but there is findings of ways to prevent it without medication. The goal of this study is to explore the medical university student’s level of knowledge in memory, dementia and its prevention, as well as its relationship with gender. Materials and methods. The study was conducted by questionnaire. The analysis used the method of comparing the obtained data from two groups: girls and boys; the sample totaled 374 respondents. Results. Data were collected among two groups, an analysis of their responses was carried out, during which it became clear that girls had a better understanding of the essence of the concept of memory and boys of non-drug prevention of dementia. Conclusions. Medical students have showed a sufficiently high level of awareness about the essence of memory, dementia and its non-drug prevention, the differences between the two groups in most cases are insignificant.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):448-451
pages 448-451 views

Психиатрия с наркологией

Assessing the effectiveness of group psychological training for personal growth among medical students

Belozerova M.S., Dmitrieva A.V., Rogozina M.A.

Abstract

Summary. Introduction. During their studies, students often encounter multiple stressors that cause anxiety symptoms. However, not everyone is able to adaptively tolerate even minor changes in their usual way of life, especially if we are talking about an anxious-suspicious psychotype (anancastic personality). The purpose of the work was to evaluate the effectiveness of training groups for personal growth among students of VSMU named after. N.N. Burdenko. Materials and methods. The emotional state of students, their impressions of the psychological group, as well as the dynamics of the well-being of group participants “before” and “after” 10 training sessions were studied using the testing and survey method. Conclusions. The group participants rated the experience of passing the training sessions as very useful for themselves. The group process and psychological support helped students reduce the level of intrapersonal tension and stress.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):452-455
pages 452-455 views

Validation of a questionnaire to identify a risk group for borderline mental disorders among adolescents

Vishnyakov A.V., Zlokazova M.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, the diagnosis of subclinically expressed and prenosological psychopathological conditions in adolescents is not effective enough. In this regard, before a preventive examination, it is advisable to conduct a preliminary examination using a standardized methodology. The goal of this study is substantiation of the validity of the questionnaire to identify a risk group for borderline mental disorders among adolescents. Materials and methods. A programmed psychodiagnostic questionnaire to identify the risk group for borderline mental disorders among adolescents (M.V. Zlokazova, N.V. Semakina, 2017) includes groups of questions to identify anxiety, depression, asthenia, suicide risk, and problematic family relationships. As part of the validation, the external validity and factor structure were evaluated, reliability-consistency was checked, as well as the discriminant ability of the questionnaire. The sample consisted of 397 adolescents, of whom 210 (52.9%) were male, 187 (47.1%) were female; the average age was 15.8±0.7 years. The results obtained at p<0.05 were considered reliable. Statistical analysis was carried out in the programs Statistica 10 and Jamovi. Results. The external validity, adequacy of the factor structure, consistency of subscales and discriminant validity of the questionnaire were confirmed. Conclusions. The developed methodology is valid and can be recommended for conducting a survey of adolescents.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):456-459
pages 456-459 views

Analysis of risk factors and medical rehabilitation of drug addicts

Zhukova E.C., Leushina E.A.

Abstract

The topic of risk factors and medical rehabilitation of drug addicts remains unexplored. Target. Conduct an analysis of risk factors for drug addiction and rehabilitation methods. Materials and methods. A survey of patients was carried out to identify risk factors for drug addiction. Results. It was revealed that the presence of a drug addict among relatives occurred in 20% of people; environmental influence – 80% of respondents; low family standard of living in 95% of cases; self-doubt was recorded among all respondents, problems of interpersonal relationships among 70% of respondents; early sexual activity in 50% of respondents; high crime rate in the area – 5% of respondents. Conclusions. Drug use has a negative impact on many areas of life, including family relationships, housing conditions, education and employment, and social and economic isolation of the drug user occurs. It is necessary to create rehabilitation centers for such patients, which will facilitate their return to society.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):459-462
pages 459-462 views

Deformation of mental disorders in the misuse of synthetic cannabinoids

Selivanov G.Y., Otmakhov A.P., Sorokina A.V., Bokhan N.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Since the early 2000s, psychiatrists and narcologists in Russia and Europe began to notice an increase in the number of mental disorders associated with the use of synthetic cannabinoids (SC). Our and other studies have previously shown that the use of this drug contributes to the onset of acute psychotic states and in certain cases may be a factor contributing to the development of schizophrenia. The impact of synthetic cannabinoids on mental disorders is still poorly understood and remains a pressing issue to this day. Target. studying the phenomenon of deformation of mental disorders due to the abuse of synthetic cannabinoids. Materials and methods. 285 men were examined: 235 with addiction to SC (F12.2), (of which 97 were diagnosed with personality and behavioral disorders in adulthood (F60.xx–F62.xx), 139 with schizophrenia F20.xx), as well as 50 people with schizophrenia without substance abuse or dependence. The study took place on the basis of psychiatric institutions in the Tomsk region (SibiFNKTs, Seversk; Research Institute of PZ, TKPB, SSMP, Tomsk), St. Petersburg (PND No. 5, PB No. 2") and Nizhnevartovsk (NPNB), Noyabrsk (NPND). Methods. Follow-up, clinical-psychopathological (PANS, SANS, CGI, MMPI), statistical (SPSS, Python). Results. SCs can initiate a state of intoxication, contributing to the occurrence of psychotic episodes and serve as a “trigger” for the development of schizophrenia. There are four types of drug intoxication: delusional, schizophrenic, with pseudohallucinations and delirious. The personality traits of patients dependent on SC are directly related to such manifestations as emotional instability, rigidity, introversion and a tendency to deviant behavior. Characteristics of nonconformist personality disorder patients who abuse drugs include disorganization, conflict, unpredictability, spontaneity, frivolity, impulsiveness, and non-compliance with rules and regulations. The use of SC can smooth out the negative symptoms of schizophrenia and cause an exacerbation of exogenous psychoproductive symptoms; it can also shorten the period of drug addiction formation and introduce new symptoms associated with withdrawal syndrome. Patients with schizophrenia who abuse SC do not experience an emotional defect, showing emotionality and a desire to communicate. Conclusions. The phenomenon of SC abuse has become one of the main factors contributing to the emergence of distorted mental disorders. In the clinical picture of exacerbations of schizophrenia, stable exogenous threatening illusory, hallucinatory, and delirious perception disorders are observed. In a state of remission of schizophrenia, the ability to adapt to social and professional environments, mainly associated with addiction and the criminal sphere, is surprisingly revealed. However, the stigmatizing feature here is the predominance of volitional disorders, which manifest themselves in emotional apathy, as well as in frequent cases of rehospitalization not directly related to drug addiction. Patients suffering from schizophrenia and personality disorders have behavioral disorders characterized by a tendency to crime, rejection of society, a desire for isolation in their addictive environment, as well as increased suspicion and suspiciousness. In people with a personality disorder, actual “schizophrenic” behavior can be noted.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):462-463
pages 462-463 views

Study of the prevalence of symptoms of non-psychotic disorders in students of medical university

Sokolova V.V., Kurdalin N.I., Shevaldin I.A., Rogozina M.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Non-psychotic disorders is widespread among the population. Students can be considered the most affected by this problem. More relevant than ever is the study of the mental health of students in connection with their high exposure to neurotic disorders, arising against the educational stress. Early identification of changes in the mental health of students will allow to develop methods of prevention of mental disorders. Purpose. Studying the prevalence of symptoms of the non-psychotic disorders among students of medical university. Materials and methods. A study was conducted in students using psychometric methods in the form of electronic testing. Results. Symptoms of non-psychotic disorders were identified in 58% of the surveyed students. Among them, symptoms of anxiety were detected in 46% of the subjects, depression in 26%, bipolar-affective disorder in 52%, obsessive-compulsive disorder in 35% and borderline personality disorder (BPD) in 3%. Conclusions. The study revealed a high prevalence of symptoms of non-psychotic disorders among medical university students. Our electronic questionnaire developed can be used as a screening method for studying the mental health status of medical students.
Keywords: prevalence, students, non-psychotic
disorders, screening.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):463-468
pages 463-468 views

Age-specific features of speech development in children with infantile autism

Shmyreva I.M., Albitskaya Z.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The data of the official world medical statistics of the last decades testify to a persistent and significant tendency of growth of autistic disorders in early childhood. Objective. To study the peculiarities of speech development in children with early childhood autism at different age periods. Materials and Methods. The study involved 324 children diagnosed with infantile autism based on the developed inclusion and exclusion criteria. The diagnosis of infantile autism was based on ICD-10 criteria (F84 - Disorders of Psychological Development).Clinical-psychopathological, clinical-catamnestic, clinical-statistical, psychometric methods were used in the work. Statistical processing of the data obtained in the process of the study was carried out using the program packages "Statistica 7.0", "Stats" and "Fifer" written for the programming language R 3.4.0 (RCoreTeam (2017). Results: in children diagnosed with infantile autism the following peculiarities of speech development have been revealed: tempo lag in the formation of syllables, words, phrase speech, regression in speech development after pronouncing the first words and replacing them with babbling, vocalisms, echolalia, phrases-"stamps"; further on, as they grow up, a pronounced delay in the formation of phrases, not using personal pronouns in speech, lack of extended phrase speech and not using phrases for dialog, as well as the complete absence of phrase speech.Conclusions. The results of the conducted study showed that the features of speech development in children with autism are specific, are not found in other pathology and can be diagnostic criteria.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):468-470
pages 468-470 views

Психология и поведенческая медицина

The place and role of compliance in the treatment process, in the perception of university students in rostov-on-don

Djalalyan L.S., Mkrtycheva K.B.

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of low compliance includes all the factors of the treatment process: prevention, positive outcome and maintenance of public health of the population as a whole. The incompetent behavior of patients leads to an increase in the medical and social burden of diseases and an increase in government spending on healthcare [6]. Goal. To study the level of respondents' awareness of compliance and determine the degree of compliance of the respondents in correlation with the profile of education. Materials and methods.The sample population is 723 respondents. Inclusion criteria: students ofRostov-on-Don. The study was conducted using a questionnaire

The results of the study. The concept of "compliance" is correctly understood – 89.6% of the 1st group and 78% of the participants of the 2nd group. 76% of the 1st group. 54% of the 2nd group believe that compliance increases the effectiveness of treatment. Assessing the importance of compliance in the treatment process on a 3-point scale, 88%-1g and 76%-2 gy gave the maximum assessment of the importance of compliance. According to the majority of respondents in both groups, effective measures to increase compliance are to increase public awareness of the importance of following doctor's recommendations. Conclusion. The education profile has little impact on the level of respondents' awareness of compliance. The majority of respondents of 1 gr. have insufficient adherence to treatment, the predominant part of 2 gr. showed non-adherence according to the results of the analysis on the Morisky-Green –Levine scale.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):471-473
pages 471-473 views

Сестринское дело

Oral care is an important component of maintaining health

Gridneva L.G., Borisova A.A., Popova A.A., Semynina V.I., Kryuchkova A.V.

Abstract

Summary

External cleanliness of the teeth and oral cavity is a necessary condition for the integrity of the dentition, the general health of the individual and his effective communication. Beautiful and healthy teeth are considered an element of beauty and charm for their owner. Achievements in dentistry, the number of dental clinics, and the variety of dental care products produced by industry are indicators of the demand and relevance of issues related to dental and oral health. Regular brushing of teeth at any age, under any conditions, is a healthy habit and a vital need for a modern person. Target. To get acquainted with the existing options for caring for the oral cavity and teeth of a modern person. Materials and methods. Printed and electronic sources, online questionnaire. Search, analytical, descriptive, survey methods. Results. Oral care is an important component of the hygiene measures of a modern person: both healthy and sick. It is important to rinse your mouth after every meal and brush your teeth twice a day using a brush, paste, and dental floss. Alternative ways to care for teeth are the use of an irrigator, a freshener, an ultrasonic polishing device, mousse, foam, oral deodorant, a pencil, a strip, or a teeth whitening stick. Conclusions. Constant hygienic oral care is an important component of health preservation for every person. You should adhere to the timing of preventive examinations at the dentist recommended by specialists at least twice a year. In patients with a lack of self-care, assistance in caring for teeth and the oral cavity is called upon to be provided by nursing staff. Modern young people strive to have healthy and beautiful teeth by taking proper hygiene measures.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):474-476
pages 474-476 views

Sleep is a vital human need

Gridneva L.G., Nikitenko D.A., Rylkova M.M., Serova A.A., Umurzakova S.M., Kryuchkova A.V.

Abstract

Summary

The need for sleep is universal for every person. The body's biological hours are associated with daily changes in nature and have a daily periodicity. Occupying a third of life, sleep helps restore, renew, and strengthen various organs and systems of the body. Sleep is part of the diurnal cycle and has five stages, each of which has a specific function. Primary or secondary sleep disorder negatively affects human health. Awareness of the importance of good sleep and creating optimal conditions for it is an important preventive health-saving measure. Target. To get acquainted with the structure of normal sleep, its influence on the body of a healthy and sick person, optimal conditions for night rest and, through a questionnaire, find out the individual characteristics of the sleep of a modern person. Materials and methods: printed and electronic sources, a self-developed questionnaire, the results of a survey of 35 therapeutic patients undergoing inpatient treatment. Analytical, descriptive, verbal-communicative, statistical methods. Results. Sleep is multiphase and is an individual manifestation of human life. Sleep debt accumulates and becomes a risk factor for various diseases. The regime of work and rest, adherence to the daily routine, proper preparation for sleep affect the health and performance of the individual. Conclusions. Sleep is a complex manifestation of the functioning of the body, which is of great importance in its normal functioning. The duration of sleep is individual for each person and should enable the individual to get a good night's sleep. Bedroom equipment, mental and physical peace are the necessary parameters for a good night's sleep. Maintaining a daily routine, going to bed early and getting up early, and striving for uninterrupted sleep at night is an important preventive and therapeutic measure. A survey of therapeutic patients revealed, in general, their correct attitude towards sleep as a complex, vitally important physiological manifestation of the body’s vital activity.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):476-480
pages 476-480 views

Comprehensive assessment of students' knowledge about maintaining reproductive health

Nikulina D.S., Kondusova J.V., Kryuchkova A.V.

Abstract

The purpose of the work was to study the level of knowledge of students about reproductive health, measures to preserve and strengthen it, family planning, prevention of unwanted pregnancy. Materials and research methods. The study was conducted using a survey method in 2023 on the basis of medical organizations in Voronezh, Voronezh State Medical University. N.N. Burdenko, as well as through social networks. 98 people took part in the survey. The questionnaire was developed taking into account the age of the respondents and consisted of 20 questions. Research results. Protecting and improving the reproductive health of the population of our country has been one of the key health tasks of our state over the past decades. Considering the steady trend towards a decrease in the birth rate, an increase in mortality and, as a consequence, a decrease in the country's population, the issue of preserving the reproductive health of young people is especially acute. As part of a study conducted among students at Voronezh State Medical University, the level of students' awareness of reproductive health issues was studied. An anonymous survey was conducted among students aged 17 to 25 years, among them 74.5% were girls, 25.5% were young people. The vast majority of students surveyed (97.2%) believe that they have the necessary knowledge in the field of reproductive health , 1.5% of respondents note an insufficient level of their knowledge, 1.3% of students are not interested in this topic at all. At the same time, all 100% of respondents studied issues related to contraception and prevention of STDs. According to the survey results, the majority of respondents prefer condoms (76.5%), some indicated COCs (10.2%), the rest have no preference, but believe that chemical contraceptives are more convenient. Of those who consider their knowledge sufficient, 38.8% still doubt the correct choice of contraception and plan to consult a doctor on this issue in the future. When asked about the effectiveness of various types of contraception, taking into account the prevention of STDs and unwanted pregnancy, many indicated: barrier methods - 89.7%, chemical methods - 5.1%, the rest doubted the correctness of their knowledge. Part of the questionnaire was devoted to the problems of abortion. Unfortunately, not everyone knows that abortion always has some consequences, so they admit that it can be carried out not only for medical reasons, but also at one’s own request (12.2%). When asked what consequences an abortion can have, the following answers were received: infertility - 51%, inflammatory processes - 20.4%, depression/psychological problems - 15.3%, massive bleeding - 5.1%, menstrual irregularities - 18, 4%, do not know about the negative consequences - 14.3%. Of interest are the sources of student knowledge on the topic of reproductive health. The result was as follows: 20.4% of respondents received the first necessary knowledge from their parents, at school during special classes - 17.1%, from friends - 10.2%, from a doctor - 11.3%, pointed to the media (media ), including the Internet - 28.6%, from popular science literature - 9.8%, 2.6% of respondents indicated other sources. At the same time, 64.5% of students consider it appropriate to study these issues in the university curriculum . The most convenient forms for them to obtain this knowledge at a university were the introduction of an elective (optional) course on reproductive health issues - 66.3%, consultations and lectures by a practicing doctor/teacher 39.4%. Some of the questions in the questionnaire were devoted to the topic of family planning. According to the survey results, it turned out that the majority believe that it is necessary to start a family after 25 years - 76.5%, before 25 years - 15.3%, age does not matter - 8.2%. The optimal number of children in a family was indicated: one child – 30.6%, two children – 53.0%, three children – 8.2%, the more the better – 8.2%. To the question: is it necessary to plan a pregnancy, all 100% answered positively, but what specific measures need to be taken before the desired pregnancy, more than 50% of students expressed doubts about their knowledge. Upon further study of this aspect, it turned out that the majority do not know about the need to get tested for STDs, HIV and other tests. Only a third (30.6%) know about recommendations for a healthy lifestyle, taking courses of vitamin therapy and organizing proper nutrition “before an upcoming event.” The majority of guys (more than 70%) do not consider it necessary to quit smoking before planning conception, and girls believe that it is possible to stop smoking/reduce nicotine consumption only during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Unfortunately, 100% of the survey participants are aware of the negative impact of smoking on the body, but smokers do not plan to give up their addiction in the near future. The attitude of young people towards alcoholic beverages is of concern.The majority (81.6%) of respondents believe that alcohol has a negative effect not only on the central nervous system, but also on the reproductive system, but the majority think that the consequences are reversible. Also, 8.2% of respondents indicated that drinking alcohol during pregnancy in minimal quantities does not have a negative effect on the development of the fetus. Conclusion. This paper presented the results of a survey of students in order to study knowledge about reproductive health and identify factors influencing it. The survey generally showed that students are well informed on the issues of contraception and pregnancy planning, but they would like to improve their knowledge. In addition, the identified problem of a lack of knowledge about preparing for pregnancy and a frivolous attitude towards smoking/alcohol is alarming and requires the development of measures to address this issue. The results obtained can be used to develop programs and activities that will help improve the reproductive health of students and improve their awareness. This is an important step in maintaining optimal health in youth and preventing future reproductive problems.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):480-482
pages 480-482 views

The role of the nursing process in improving the quality of life of children suffering from bronchial asthma

Nokhrina Y.A., Semynina N.M.

Abstract

Bronchial asthma is an urgent medical and social problem. With insufficiently effective treatment and poorly organized nursing process for bronchial asthma, the quality of life of patients decreases and their life activity is limited. Finding ways to improve the quality of life of such patients is an urgent task of our time. Target. To analyze the awareness of parents whose children suffer from bronchial asthma about methods of providing assistance and to analyze the features of the nurse’s activities when providing assistance to them. Materials and methods. As a study, a survey was conducted among parents whose children suffer from bronchial asthma. The survey was conducted anonymously and voluntarily. The selection of interviewed parents was carried out using a random sampling method. Results. The study showed that parents of children with bronchial asthma are sufficiently knowledgeable about general issues of the disease and assistance during an attack. Most people know about the symptoms of the attack period, its provoking factors and drugs that relieve it. However, not everyone is aware of the complications. As a result of the study, the professional role of the nurse in organizing care for patients with bronchial asthma was determined. Conclusions. The professional activity of a nurse is to timely identify the problems of a patient suffering from bronchial asthma and properly organize care.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):482-484
pages 482-484 views

Awareness of students of the Institute of Nursing Education on the issues of rickets and methods of its prevention

Rybnikova L.A., Poletaeva I.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The problem of rickets has always been relevant. Rickets is one of the most common diseases among children in the first years of life. The main cause of rickets is a lack of calcium salts in bone tissue due to a lack of vitamin D in the child’s body. The nurse plays a key role in the prevention of rickets. Target. To study the awareness of students at the Institute of Nursing Education of VSMU named after. N.N. Burdenko on issues of rickets and its prevention. Materials and methods. A search of literary sources was carried out in order to identify the relevance, causes and risk factors for the development of rickets in children, as well as highlight the issues of prevention and treatment of this pathology. A survey was also conducted among students of the Institute of Nursing Education at VSMU named after. N.N. Burdenko on issues of student awareness in the identification and prevention of rickets. For this purpose, an original questionnaire was developed, consisting of 10 questions related to the problems of rickets. Conclusions. Based on the survey results, we concluded that students at the Institute of Nursing Education are sufficiently knowledgeable about the causes of development, signs of rickets, as well as issues of prevention and detection of this pathology.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):485-486
pages 485-486 views

A study of the awareness of students at VSMU named after. N.N. Burdenko about Alzheimer's disease

Semynina N.M., Chubarova V.T., Kryuchkova A.V., Panina O.A.

Abstract

Summary.

Introduction. Alzheimer's disease is a chronic degenerative disease of the brain, characterized by a sharp decrease in intellectual abilities up to the total collapse of intelligence and mental activity. The World Health Organization estimates that there are 55 million people with dementia worldwide. The goal is to identify awareness of Alzheimer's disease among VSMU students. N.N. Burdenko. Materials and methods. A survey was conducted among second- and third-year students of the Institute of Nursing Education, studying in the specialty “nursing” in October and November 2023, using a self-developed “Questionnaire for studying awareness of Alzheimer’s disease among VSMU students” by the authors. N.N. Burdenko". 39 people took part in the study: 35 girls (90%) and 4 boys (10%). Results. Based on the survey data, we can conclude that most of the students surveyed are well acquainted with the basic concepts, symptoms and principles of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease and caring for patients with dementia. Conclusion. Proper nursing care for a patient suffering from Alzheimer's disease and dementia will help improve the person's condition and maintain his independence for as long as possible. The data from the study indicate a good level of special training and high motivation for future nurses to master their future profession.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):487-489
pages 487-489 views

Features of patient-oriented care for patients with autoimmune diseases

Yakovlev M.A., Kryuchkova A.V., Panina O.A., Semynina N.M., Kondusova J.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Patient-oriented medicine is a mechanism that can improve the quality of medical care. A personalized approach, early detection of comorbid pathology helps to increase patients' adherence to therapy and improve their quality of life. Goal. The introduction of a patient-oriented model into the practice of nurses working with patients suffering from autoimmune diseases. Materials and methods. The study included 29 patients suffering from autoimmune thyroiditis. The Beck test was used to study and identify depressive tendencies. Results. Autoimmune thyroiditis is most often affected by women over the age of 60, and the age of onset and heredity are predictors of adverse outcomes of the disease. Comorbid pathology is depression. The maximum values of depressive disorders were found in patients who had passed from 6 months to 1 year from the moment of diagnosis. Conclusions. The inclusion of elements of cognitive behavioral therapy in the care of patients with autoimmune thyroiditis will lead to the correction of depressive disorders. This will increase patients' commitment to therapy and provides justification for the introduction of a patient-oriented model into the practice of nurses working with patients suffering from autoimmune diseases.

Keywords: autoimmune thyroiditis; depression; patient-oriented care

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):489-491
pages 489-491 views

Стоматология

Negative work factors in the work of a dentist, diseases of the musculoskeletal system

Vyrodov A.S., Polosukhina E.N., Proshin A.G., Savkina A.A.

Abstract

The professional activity of a dentist is accompanied by exposure to harmful production factors on the body. The dentist is constantly exposed to vibration, noise and infectious agents. A significant load falls on the doctor’s musculoskeletal system. A set of developed preventive measures is necessary to preserve the working and social health of a dentist.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):492-493
pages 492-493 views

Comparative analysis of modern methods of activation of sodium hypochlorite in endodontic treatment

Yericyan O.A., Vusataya E.V.

Abstract

Medical treatment of canals is a determining factor in the success of endodontic treatment,  since when pathogenic microflora persists in root canals, re-infection and development of inflammatory reaction inside the canal occurs, as well as the spread of bacteria into preapical tissues. The article discusses various modern methods of sodium hypochlorite activation during endodontic treatment and their effect on the root canal system. The work raises the question of the effect of ultrasonic vibrations and sonic action on root canals, as well as their ability to remove and dissolve infected dentin, smear layer, biofilm and dentinal filings. The purpose of the study is to study the effect of different methods of activating hypochlorite and finding the optimal one. The conclusions of the study were based on the study of images obtained from a digital microscope camera with a lens magnification of x10. The most effective method of activating hypochlorite in endodontic treatment was found when working in the root canal system of various anatomy, with the help of which it is possible to thoroughly carry out antiseptic treatment, clean the canals from infected dentin and dissolve necrotic masses. In addition, the study found disadvantages of other activation methods, which reduce the quality of root canal disinfection and can lead to a number of complications.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):493-497
pages 493-497 views

Morphology of the oral cavity organs during pregnancy and the reason for their changes

Zaitseva O.V., Erofeev A.V., Zatolokina M.A.

Abstract

Abstract. The oral cavity is the entrance gate and the location of many pathological processes of various origins. Toxins, microorganisms and breakdown products of tissues and cells can be disseminated in the body and have a negative effect on the ripening fruit. Prevention of dental diseases in pregnant women can help prevent the occurrence of various pathologies of the child's oral cavity. Moreover, pathogenic and opportunistic pathogens that spread through the mother's body can enter the fetus, which will lead to more serious disorders such as congenital heart disease, deformities or miscarriage. A decrease in the immune status during pregnancy contributes to the occurrence of the above pathologies. The conducted sociological research in the form of a survey showed that pregnant women in most cases are poorly or unaware of the rules of oral hygiene and the risks that non-compliance entails. Almost half of the respondents identified the second the trimester of pregnancy as the period of the most frequent occurrence of inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. It is necessary to conduct preventive and educational activities to prevent the occurrence of stomatitis, gingivitis and other pathologies, and therefore reduce the likelihood of pregnancy disorders.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):497-499
pages 497-499 views

Non-standard approaches to the treatment of oral diseases

Kaunova A.A., Shalimova V.P., Dyadina K.S., Chechelnitskaya A.I.

Abstract

Nowadays, people are increasingly trying to abandon synthetic drugs in the treatment and prevention of dental diseases due to the side effects they cause. Medicinal plants are an excellent alternative for the prevention and treatment of oral diseases due to their non-toxicity, effectiveness, accessibility and cheapness. The most common remedies are: aloe vera, calendula officinalis, Chinese camellia, chamomile, turmeric, sage, propolis, ginger. The aim of the work was to determine the propensity for oral diseases among medical university students and to study alternative treatment of these diseases using herbs. The research method was a questionnaire and subsequent analysis of statistical data. The questionnaire consisted of 15 questions about the presence of disorders in the oral cavity. According to the results of the survey, it was revealed that 45.2% suffer from gingivitis, 33.2% of respondents have periodontitis, 3.8% suffer from oral candidiasis, 63% have stomatitis. After the use of medicinal herbs, patients were interviewed about the condition of the mucous membrane. A positive reaction of the body to treatment with medicinal plants was revealed based on the results of our research. Thus, the treatment of oral diseases with herbs allows you to establish the tendency of the mucous membrane to recover.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):499-504
pages 499-504 views

Application perspectives of homogeneously distributed dispersed single-walled graphene nanotubes in dentistry

Niculin D.S., Sushchenko A.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Carbon nanotubes have many unique properties such as physical strength, chemical stability, inertness, biocompatibility, which makes them attractive for use in various medical applications and dentistry is no exception.  The aim of this study is to investigate the possibility of using homogeneously distributed dispersed dispersed graphene nanotubes for the development of innovative dental materials and technologies to improve the effectiveness of treatment and prevention of dental diseases, improve biocompatibility and wear resistance of dental structures. Materials and Methods. The existing scientific literature on the subject of the study was reviewed, including works devoted to the study of the use of single-walled graphene nanotubes in dentistry, as well as studies examining the dispersion and homogeneous distribution of graphene nanotubes in various materials. Homogeneously distributed dispersed single-walled graphene nanotubes obtained using standard synthesis methods are used for the study. The samples are characterized using scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The effect of graphene nanotubes on the properties of various dental materials has been investigated. Results. The study revealed an improvement in the physical strength of toothbrush bristle fibers due to the use of graphene nanotubes embedded in the polyester matrix, biocompatibility of the material and its antibacterial activity were noted. Conclusion. The use of homogeneously distributed dispersed dispersed graphene nanotubes in dentistry is promising and relevant. Single-walled graphene nanotubes have unique properties that make them promising for dental applications.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):504-508
pages 504-508 views

Treatment of patients suffering from xerostomia with salivation stimulants and saliva substitutes

Suvorova A.A., Batyrshin A.C.

Abstract

Introduction. According to the literature, the number of people suffering from dry mouth is growing every year. The reasons for this are related to the living conditions in modern megacities: stress, environmental pollution, etc. In many cases, patients consult a doctor only at a late stage of the disease, since the methods of diagnosing pathology are not sufficiently developed. Despite the various remedies and techniques proposed for the treatment of xerostomia, the search for the most effective and promising approaches to the treatment of this condition remains an urgent problem of dentistry. Conclusion. According to data published in the literature, in the treatment of patients suffering from objective xerostomia, a course of treatment carried out at intervals of 1-2 months per year helps to reduce inflammatory phenomena of the oral mucosa and improve oral comfort. This therapeutic effect is manifested in a decrease in the viscosity of saliva, an increase in its secretion and a positive effect on the function of the salivary glands, which reduces the feeling of dry mouth by the patient.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):509-510
pages 509-510 views

Changes in the oral cavity in patients with functional dyspepsia

TYULKINA O.V., Leyshina E.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. The topic of changes in the oral cavity of patients with functional dyspepsia remains understudied. Dyspeptic symptoms include belching, postprandial fullness, early satiety, epigastric pain, and burning sensation. Functional dyspepsia is diagnosed when no organic etiology of the symptoms is identified. Objective. To analyze changes in the oral cavity of patients with functional dyspepsia. Materials and methods. Patients were surveyed using Coogl forms, and dental examinations were conducted on patients with an average age of 21 years. The collected surveys were analyzed to identify common manifestations in the oral cavity. Results. Changes in the oral cavity characteristic of patients with functional dyspepsia were identified. A higher percentage of patients had a yellowish tint to their teeth, paleness of the oral mucosa, and stomatitis. Conclusions. The most significant findings from the analysis of changes in the oral cavity of patients with functional dyspepsia include the frequent occurrence of stomatitis, paleness of the oral mucosa, and changes in tooth enamel color. In the management of gastroenterological patients with dental issues, the involvement of a dentist is necessary. Further research on the microbiological status of saliva and the oral mucosa is needed. Only through collaborative efforts between gastroenterologists and dentists can the quality of life of patients be improved.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):510-511
pages 510-511 views

Clinical and radiological assessment of mesial occlusion associated with congenital skeletal abnormalities of the jaw bones

Utrobina I.I., Kovalenko M.E.

Abstract

Despite the fact that there is currently a sufficient amount of reliable information to study and establish various patterns of the clinical and radiological picture of patients with mesial occlusion, this topic remains relevant for its theoretical and practical consideration. The goal. Clinical, anthropometric and radiological assessment of jaw bone abnormalities in individuals with mesial occlusion of the dentition. Materials and methods. A clinical examination of 10 patients with skeletal mesial occlusion, an analysis of their orthopantomograms and telerentgenograms in lateral projection, as well as an anthropometric study based on photographs of the examined patients, followed by mathematical and statistical analysis of the information obtained, was performed. Results. According to the results of the analysis of telerentgenograms in the lateral projection of the subjects, a decrease in the angles of SNA and ANB was revealed in all probants. In all patients, the SNPog angle exceeds the value of the SNB angle. We have identified a significant deviation from the norm of the Beta angle. The determination of the inclination of the lower jaw relative to the plane of the base of the skull of the NSe showed that only one patient has the norm. The mandibular angle, showing the mutual inclination of the upper and lower jaw, indicated the norm in only 1 case. In most cases, protrusion of the upper incisors was revealed both relative to the base of the skull and relative to the plane of the upper jaw NL, in one patient the position of the upper incisors relative to the base of the skull is normal, and relative to the upper jaw - in protrusion, in another patient - retrusion relative to the base of the skull and protrusion relative to the plane of the upper jaw. The retraction of the incisors of the mandible relative to the plane of the mandible was revealed in 100% of cases. The incisor angle of all the subjects turned out to be higher than normal. Conclusions. Treatment planning for patients with gnatic mesial occlusion should be carried out taking into account the type of growth of the facial skeleton. The vertical type of growth favours correction of the 3rd skeletal class, and the horizontal type of growth creates difficulties in the treatment process.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):511-514
pages 511-514 views

Dynamics of stability indicators of dental implants with a hydrophilic surface in patients with somatic pathology

Ismailova M., Yarasheva N.

Abstract

Introduction. In orthopedic dentistry, one of the most pressing problems is the restoration of dentition One of the modern methods of orthopedic treatment of complete and partial absence of teeth is dental prosthetics using dental implants. However, the presence of somatic pathology in the patient’s medical history is one of the contraindications to implantation. In thyrotoxicosis, as a result of an increase in thyroid hormones, bone resorption prevails over bone formation, which leads to a decrease in bone mass (Masalova, R.V. Zakharenko; 2009) and calls into question the successful osseointegration of implants and calls into question the successful osseointegration of implants. The main approach to increasing the osseointegrative properties of implants is to actively modify their surface, resulting in a maximum area of ​​contact with the adjacent bone tissue and, at the same time, stimulating the process of remodeling of this bone [Alekhin et al 2000; Novochadov et al. 2013;]. The above data substantiated the relevance and prompted us to study the dynamics of stability indicators for the objective diagnosis of osseointegration processes when using implants with a hydrophilic surface in patients with thyroid pathology.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):515-518
pages 515-518 views

Управление в здравоохранении

Shortage of medical personnel: ways to solve the problem

Bocharova E.E., Simonyan R.Z.

Abstract

Introduction. The shortage of physicians in healthcare is a serious and ongoing problem. It is becoming obvious that due to the shortage of doctors, the opportunity to obtain quality medical care is becoming less accessible. The purpose of the study is to study the causes of the shortage of medical personnel, identify the consequences associated with this, and also propose ways to solve this problem. Research methods. The study was conducted on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education KSMU of the Ministry of Health of Russia among 2nd and 3rd year students of the medical, pediatric and preventive medical faculties using YandexForms. 376 respondents took part in the survey, of which 256 were women and 120 men. The obtained data are presented in text form. Results. When asked about the reason for the shortage of medical personnel, 88.3% of respondents answered “low wages compared to other industries. The most significant question was “What, in your opinion, are the main ways to reduce the shortage of medical personnel?” 290 people (77.1%) responded that it is necessary to improve the remuneration system, as this is one of the main problems of the shortage of medical personnel. Conclusions. As a result of the study, the following conclusions can be drawn. Currently, there are various reasons why there is a shortage of doctors. It is necessary to solve this problem at the state level and promptly identify the local shortage of medical personnel. As a result of solving the problem, the quality of medical services provided and their accessibility will increase.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):519-520
pages 519-520 views

Assessing the knowledge of students of the Kursk State Medical University and the Medical and Pharmaceutical College of KSMU about what a “medical error” is

Kazakova P., Simonyan R.Z.

Abstract

Target. Collect and study information to assess the level of knowledge of medical students about what a “medical error” is. Materials and methods. Literary sources were used to study the types of “medical errors” in the provision of medical care. During the study, a social survey was conducted in which 300 students of Kursk State Medical University and the Medical and Pharmaceutical College of KSMU took part. Results. Based on the results of an anonymous survey, we found that half of the respondents encountered difficulties when visiting a doctor; the same percentage of respondents encountered carelessness and inattention on the part of medical workers in medical organizations.Conclusions. Using a survey, we found out that students of KSMU and MFC KSMU are informed about the prevalence of “medical errors,” the reasons for their occurrence, as well as what types of liability may arise for defects in the provision of medical care.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):520-522
pages 520-522 views

Analysis of risk factors for tuberculosis incidence in various age groups in the Voronezh region for the period from 2012-2014 and 2020-2022

Kostennikova K., Shvedova V.G.

Abstract

Introduction. This article includes a retrospective analysis of indicators incidence of tuberculosis in the Voronezh region, as well as a comparative analysis of risk factors for tuberculosis in groups of different age categories. Target. Studying tuberculosis incidence rates in the Voronezh region, as well as conducting a comparative analysis of risk factors for tuberculosis. Materials and methods of research. To conduct the study, data on the incidence of tuberculosis in the Voronezh region for two three-year periods was used: 2012-2014 and 2020-2022. Results. Thus, the incidence rate in the region for the period from 2012 to 2014 decreased by 15.0%, and for the period from 2020 to 2022 by 34.1%. In addition, it was noted that risk factors for the development of tuberculosis are epidemiological, medical, social and professional factors. Conclusion. In a comparative analysis of factors, a greater influence is exerted by social factors that characterize the lifestyle of the population - their addiction to bad habits, unsatisfactory conditions and financial condition, lack of examinations in medical organizations.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):522-525
pages 522-525 views

Assessment of the attitude of students of Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University to the use of telemedicine technologies as a modern direction of medical counseling

Polyakova V.D., Schcetinina N.A., Chernykh E.A.

Abstract

Resume. Introduction. In our ever-evolving world, the application and improvement of information technology is a critical issue. The digitalisation of health services became most discussed during the COVID-19 pandemic. It was the shift to telemedicine (TM) that was seen as a possible way to modernise COVID-19 prevention and diagnosis counselling for the population. A large part of people's lives involves the use of various gadgets, and with the increase in the pace of life and urbanisation, more and more urban populations are preferring to communicate with specialists of various specialties online, doctors being no exception. This way of counselling saves travel time, allows you to get the opinion of a specialist from another city, and is especially comfortable for people with disabilities. In addition, telemedicine is an important area for doctors of various specialities. In this way, specialists can hold consultations and share their experience with colleagues, have an opportunity to consult patients from other regions. However, with the emergence of opportunities for the implementation of telemedicine activities, questions regarding the awareness of doctors and patients about Article 36, paragraph 2 of the Federal Law N323 ‘On the Fundamentals of Health Protection of Citizens in the Russian Federation’, which regulates the specifics of medical care provided through the use of telemedicine technologies, have become more and more frequent. The goal of this study. To study the awareness of medical university students about the use of telemedicine technologies and to assess their attitude to the modern direction of medical counselling. Materials and methods of the study. In order to fulfil the set goal, a questionnaire survey was conducted among 94 students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU. Representatives of 3 faculties were chosen for the study: medical, paediatric, and dental. Since doctors-graduates of these faculties most often have to consult patients on prevention, diagnostics and treatment of diseases at offline or online appointments.Results. As a result of the conducted sociological survey we can conclude that the majority of the surveyed medical students (97.9%) evaluate telemedicine technologies as a necessary direction of medicine development in the Russian Federation. The participants of the survey consider the objectives of online consultations put forward in Federal Law No. 323 to be correct, but still 8.5% are convinced that there is a need to supplement the current law in the form of the possibility for patients to receive prescriptions for medicines. Despite the fact that respondents are aware of telemedicine technologies, only 10.9% of them have applied for remote medical consultation in person or know about such experience from relatives or acquaintances. According to the survey data, it is possible to increase the level of telemedicine application if such significant disadvantages of this direction are eliminated as distrust of the population to extramural counselling, probability of personal data ‘leakage’, lack of full coverage of the Internet on the whole territory of the country, shortage of specialists ready to conduct online consultations. Conclusions. Thus, on the part of the medical community, ways of solving the problems highlighted as a result of the questionnaire survey of medical university students can be tried: 1) preventive conversations with patients in medical institutions, at enterprises, in educational institutions about the possibility of using telemedicine technologies; 2) counselling of medical specialists and students of medical universities on the application of telemedicine in their practice. This will make it possible to popularise remote medical consultations and open up new opportunities for optimising the provision of highly qualified medical care to the population.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):525-528
pages 525-528 views

The need to prevent sleep disorders in medical students as an important aspect of health protection

Popov M.V., Zubkova O.A., Nekhaenko N. .

Abstract

Introduction. Sleep is a complex physiological process that ensures the body's recovery. Sleep disturbance can lead to increased stress levels, anxiety, and decreased academic performance. Prevention of sleep disorders is an important aspect of public health. Objective. To assess the duration and quality of sleep of medical students. Materials and methods. The PSQI sleep quality test was administered to 1st-4th year medical students at the beginning of autumn and spring semesters. Components 1-7 were assessed and a summative index was calculated. Results. Sleep quality was found to be impaired in 73.9% and 68.6% of the first and second group respondents, respectively. Sleep disorders were more frequent in female respondents 70.6% (p=0.488) and 87.5% (p=0.352). Most of the students in both groups slept less than 8 hours. Sleep disorders occurred more frequently in the spring semester than in the autumn semester (p=0.020). Conclusions. Regardless of the period of the academic year, medical students were found to have sleep quality disturbance as well as reduced sleep duration, indicating labour and rest disturbance.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):528-531
pages 528-531 views

A possible model of leadership competencies in health care - a contemporary view of medical school students

Proshina A.S., Trofimova M.S., Shvedova V.G.

Abstract

The new business conditions represent the use of a modern management concept in the field of healthcare, where exceptional concentration is paid to the training of managers who are a group of new managers in the social space. In modern society, there is a shortage of doctors of various specialties in healthcare, as well as managers with certain competencies to ensure the management of a medical organization. The characteristics of a healthcare organizer include numerous skills in various areas of activity, and it is worth noting that managers at different levels do not always possess them. In addition to certain skills or competencies of leaders, personal analysis and the development of certain competencies related to stress resistance, communication with the team and attitude to patients of a medical organization are also interesting. We consider the relevance of analyzing the qualities, and possibly the competencies of a leader that a modern leader needs to have in our article.

Purpose of the work: based on the processing of students' questionnaires and retrospective analysis of scientific literature on the subject of leadership and management in the health care system to identify the main qualities that a leader should possess.

Materials and methods: In the course of our work a questionnaire was developed in which the qualities and competencies that were most frequently encountered in the answers were selected on the basis of interviewing senior students of N.N. Burdenko VSMU medical (80%) and pediatric (16%) faculties and residents (4%).

Results and conclusions: If we look at the opinion among the faculties, the students of the medical faculty emphasize to a greater extent such quality as charisma, ability to find an approach to any person, while the pediatric faculty emphasizes 3 main qualities: charisma, high professionalism and emotional intelligence. If we analyze the results of students according to their course of study, we see that residents believe that the manager and leader in health care should equally possess all qualities, 6th year, believe that the main qualities are charisma, ability to find an approach to any person and emotional intelligence. 5th year students emphasize 3 main qualities: charisma, high professionalism and emotional intelligence, and 4th year students emphasize charisma, ability to find an approach to any person. Management in any organizational system often depends on the individual management style of a manager. Authoritarian style is supported by 16% of students. The majority of students, 88%, adhere to the democratic style of leadership, but only 72% recognize that this style of leadership would be effective for a leader and manager in the health care system. The effectiveness of bureaucratic leadership style was shared by 16% of the learners. 72% of the learners believe that a leader should not be limited to one leadership style while 28% believe that one style should be followed for effective leadership.
Conclusions:
1. Most students believe that the main qualities of a global leader are charisma, the ability to find an approach to any person; emotional intelligence and the ability to influence people.
2. Students share a democratic leadership style, but only 72% recognize its effectiveness in the healthcare system.
3. In the health care system, none of the traditional higher styles is found in its pure form; 72% of students believe that a leader should not be limited to one leadership style.
Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):531-535
pages 531-535 views

Age-related features of smoking prevalence in Voronezh

Ulyanov I.A., Ostroushko N.I., Nekhaenko N.E., Ulianova A.V., Sharapova Y.A., Meremyanin L.V.

Abstract

Abstract.Introduction. Smoking remains one of the most common harmful habits of mankind. In recent years, the list of nicotine delivery vehicles has changed significantly. And in order to prevent smoking-related diseases, it is necessary to assess the age-related aspects of the prevalence of various types of nicotine addiction. Goal. Compare the prevalence and characteristics of smoking in different age groups. Materials and methods. The material was collected during a survey of students of various universities in the Voronezh region and patients of the polyclinic of the BUZ VO "VGKP No. 7" City polyclinic No. 21. A total of 100 people were interviewed, who were divided into the following groups according to age: 1 group - 18-35 years old - 40 people (23 men and 17 women); 2 group 36-60 years old - 30 people (17 women and 13 men); 3 group - over 60 – 30 people (19 women and 11 men). Results. According to the survey conducted, it can be stated that people aged 18-60 suffer more from nicotine addiction than representatives of the older age group. It is also worth noting that the prevalence of vapes and electronic tobacco heating systems is most widespread among young people (up to 35 years old), and significantly exceeds the popularity of cigarettes in this age group. Conclusions. This information, coupled with the low interest of young people in quitting nicotine addiction, shows the need for active primary prevention of smoking among young people, with special attention to electronic nicotine delivery devices.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):535-537
pages 535-537 views

Analysis of statistical data of the surgical department of the city of Tver

Fisyuk E.A., Utkina A.A., Uzhov M.A., Morozov A.М.

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. Statistics play a crucial role in modern medicine. It helps the government to take measures on social protection and health care, with the help of its analysis, it is possible to predict an increase in morbidity and assess the effectiveness of existing programs to improve the quality and life expectancy of the population. Goal. To evaluate the work of the surgical department of the GBUZ GKB No. 7 in Tver for the period 2015-2022 based on the statistical data of patients. Results. The results of the analysis of the indicators of the surgical department of GBUZ GKB No. 7 Tver the following data were obtained: in the period from 2015 to 2022, an increase in the number of admitted patients can be noted; The average length of stay of patients has been decreasing over the past few years and is 6 days; Assessing the mortality rate in this department, there is a sharp increase in mortality rates in 2019, and by 2021 this indicator is just as sharply It is decreasing. Conclusion. In 2022, most indicators for various nosologies showed positive dynamics compared to 2018, which indicates the improvement of the qualifications of medical personnel, better equipment of the department under study, thanks to these parameters, the department managed to quickly and efficiently rehabilitate itself during the pandemic, which is an excellent result.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):537-540
pages 537-540 views

Informed voluntary consent as an effective tool for interaction between doctor and patient

Frolov A.Y., Nefedova D.S., Markosyan Z.S., Kozhevnikov V.V., Popov A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Legal regulation of Informed voluntary consent is regulated by Federal Law 323 “On the fundamentals of protecting the health of citizens in the Russian Federation”, article 19, paragraph 9, which states that the patient has the right to compensation for harm caused to health during the provision of medical care. Order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation No. 785 “On approval of requirements for the organization and conduct of internal control of the quality and safety of medical activities” task: ensuring and assessing compliance with the rights of citizens in the field of health protection when carrying out medical activities.

Objective: To communicate to physicians and patients the importance of signing informed voluntary consent.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted through medical record analysis, historical analysis, content analysis of medical records and official information sources.

Results of the study: Often patients after surgery (including dental) do not remember that they are warned about possible complications if the intervention is refused, and there are no records of such warnings in their documentation.

Conclusions: Obtaining informed voluntary consent is both the observance of the fundamental rights of the patient and ensuring the safety of the attending physician and the medical organization providing the medical service.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):540-542
pages 540-542 views

Patient-centered approach as an important tool for effective interaction between a doctor and a patient. Awareness of medical students in Russia and CIS countries

Халаимова L., Anokhina Y.M.

Abstract

Introduction. The Federal Law "On the Basics of Health Protection of Citizens in the Russian Federation" (Article 6) prescribes that a doctor must communicate with a patient while observing ethical and moral norms, showing respect and humanism from the medical staff and other individuals representing a medical organization.

Currently, the issues of patient-centeredness in healthcare are being increasingly discussed, and the problem of building doctor-patient relationships is becoming more acute. That is why it is important to introduce future specialists to the concept of a "patient-centered approach" during their education and train them in applying its methods in practice.

Objective: to analyze the awareness of students in medical universities in Russia and CIS countries about the patient-centered approach.

Materials and methods: a survey was conducted, in which medical students from 20 regions of the Russian Federation and Belarus participated.

The following data were of the greatest interest: the students' awareness of the concept of "patient-centeredness"; their opinion on what medical care should be like to correspond to the patient-centered approach; reasons why not all doctors currently pay attention to the communication aspect and interaction with patients; qualities that a specialist in a medical organization should possess.

Results: 103 medical students from 20 regions of Russia and Belarus participated in the survey. Of those surveyed, 40.8% were not familiar with the concept of "patient-centeredness." 94% noted that the main quality in a doctor's work is "professionalism," while 92% chose "politeness, respect for the patient."

Conclusions: based on the survey results, it can be concluded that students in medical universities understand the importance of a doctor's ability to communicate correctly with patients, find an approach to them, based on patient-centered methods.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):542-543
pages 542-543 views

Formation of a marketing strategy to attract foreign patients

Shakhmatov B., Uazhanov M.

Abstract

Introduction. With the growth of potential international medical tourism and the desire of medical institutions to expand their client base, developing an effective marketing strategy has become a key aspect of successfully attracting and retaining international patients. Factors such as quality of healthcare services, level of service, communication, and trust play an important role in this process. With increasing competition in this field, updating marketing strategies helps meet the needs of international patients and improve the image of healthcare institutions at the global level. Goal. Develop a marketing strategy to attract foreign patients that will be practically applicable for many medical institutions in Kazakhstan interested in increasing the number of foreign patients. Materials and methods. Theoretical sources of information from many authors on the topic of developing a marketing strategy for medical institutions in the Republic of Kazakhstan and countries where medical tourism is well developed (Israel and Turkey) have been studied. Results. Clearly defined features of factors that influence the correct development of a marketing strategy for a clinic that intends to attract and increase the number of foreign patients have been identified. Conclusions. A marketing strategy will be developed for medical institutions of the Republic of Kazakhstan, which takes into account the characteristics of the country, legislative norms and acts, and transport accessibility of each clinic.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):543-546
pages 543-546 views

Фармакология

The possibility of correcting cognitive impairment with vitamin B12

Burka A.A., Leshchenko I.A., Mirzoyan A.N., Tadtayeva Z.G.

Abstract

Resume. In the Russian population, there have been practically no studies on the effect of vitamin B12 deficiency on cognitive functions. The relevance of the study is due to the increasing number of cognitive impairments and the tendency to rejuvenate diseases. One of the factors of cognitive decline is vitamin B12 deficiency. The purpose of this study is to find modern and timely opportunities to correct cognitive impairments that occur against the background of cyanocobalamin and folic acid deficiency by sharing these missing vitamins during treatment. Materials and methods. A search of literature sources was carried out in order to identify the possibility of correcting cognitive impairment with vitamin B12, as well as to identify the relationship between the level of cognitive impairment and vitamin B12 intake in respondents. Results. Three groups of respondents were identified, among which cognitive functions were assessed. The relationship of vitamin B12 and B9 deficiency with the level of cognitive impairment and lifestyle has been determined. Conclusions. The model of interaction of the metabolism of vitamins B12 and B9 in the human body, occurring in the folate cycle, has a complex effect on many processes in the body, including brain activity manifested by higher nervous activity (memory, attention, etc.). A relationship has been found about the effect of cyanocobalamin and folic acid on cognitive activity of the brain and psychogenic manifestation deficiency conditions of these vitamins, as well as the effect of bad habits, such as smoking, on the absorption of these vitamins and the depletion of their internal reserves in the body. The relationship between homocysteinemia and the metabolic processes of vitamin B12 and folic acid has been established through their joint interaction in the folate cycle, during which methionine is synthesized from homocysteine. Along with the development of the popularization of complex vitamin therapy in medical practice, this work proposes to place not only a significant emphasis on preventive and timely treatment with vitamin preparations, but also to highlight the problem of vitamin deficiencies among the population.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):547-547
pages 547-547 views

Evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of impenetrable root canals and chronic periodontitis with Granulotec permanent root canal obturation drug

Evgrafova K.A., Glebov S., Nichiporuk A.G., Tadtayeva Z.G., Rusanovsky V.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Periodontitis of an infectious nature is one of the most frequent reasons for going to the dentist, as a result of which drugs for permanent canal obturation with additional antimicrobial action become particularly relevant. Goal. To analyze the effectiveness of Granulotec for the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis. Materials and methods. Literary sources have been studied in the databases CyberLeninka, Elibrary, PubMed, Scopus.  A clinical study was conducted with the participation of 14 people aged 23 to 59 with a diagnosis of chronic apical periodontitis according to ICD-10 04.5, 9 had difficult-to-pass channels. A total of 19 teeth were endodontically treated with a Granulotec permanent canal obturation drug. To assess the effectiveness, an assessment of X-ray images was used in terms of 3, 6, 12 months using a modified periapical index PAI. Results. X-ray and clinical examinations of patients after endodontic treatment of granulomatous periodontitis and impenetrable root canals using Granulotec drug prove the effectiveness of this filling material (successful treatment in 83, 33%). Conclusion. The results of the study allow us to recommend the use of Granulotec in the treatment of chronic apical periodontitis and impenetrable root canals.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):548-551
pages 548-551 views

The use of psychedelic drugs as a treatment for depressive disorders

Egovtseva K.G., Rusanovsky V.V., Zvereva A.O., Zhdanova M.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Depressive disorders, characterized by a low mood and other symptoms, are becoming increasingly common, especially among young people. Therefore, it is important to find new, more effective methods of treating depression. Objective. To explore scientific research on new perspectives in the treatment of depressive disorders using psychedelics. Materials and Methods. Literature was reviewed to study modern methods of treating depressive disorders, as well as to analyze the frequency of ineffective modern treatment in such cases. Based on foreign studies, we also examined proposed methods of treating depressive disorders with LSD and psilocybin. Results. Research shows that psychedelic substances, such as LSD and psilocybin, can be used as fast-acting antidepressants with a long-lasting therapeutic effect comparable to existing medications. Scientists have hypothesized that the hallucinogenic effects of psychedelics can be separated, leaving only their antidepressant and stimulating properties associated with increased neuroplasticity  the brain's ability to change and form new connections between neurons under the influence of new experiences. Research also shows that psychedelics affect brain-derived neurotrophic factor and its receptor TrkB, which contributes to enhanced neuroplasticity. Conclusions. Thus, there is a possibility of developing compounds or their combinations that retain the antidepressant properties of psychedelics without the hallucinogenic effect. Understanding the mechanisms of action of psychedelics opens up new perspectives for more effective and safe use of these drugs in medical practice.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):551-554
pages 551-554 views

Use of anesthesia in dentistry in conditions of patient intolerance to local anesthesia

Markashov G.A., Avdoshina S.S., Saprykin E.A., Diadina X.S., Kovalenko I.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The use of anesthesia in dentistry is an important aspect of providing quality and painless dental treatment. However, for some patients, local anesthesia may be intolerable or ineffective, making treatment difficult. In such cases, the use of anesthesia becomes necessary to ensure the patient's comfort and safety. Target. The aim of the study was to determine the most commonly used general anesthetic. Materials and methods. In the process of carrying out the work, an analysis of foreign as well as domestic literature on the use of general anesthetics was carried out. In addition, data from dental clinic websites was analyzed to determine the most commonly used anesthetic. Results. The study identified the anesthetic drug most often used for allergies to local anesthetics. Conclusion. The most common choice of dentists is the drug propofol. It is connected with the lowest likelihood of side effects.  

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):554-556
pages 554-556 views

Efficacy and safety of genetically engineered biological drugs in the treatment of bronchial asthma

Markelov V.V., Virko V.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Therapy of bronchial asthma with genetically engineered biological drugs is promising, but issues of effectiveness and safety are relevant.

Aim of the work. Describe the effectiveness and safety of genetically engineered biological drugs.

Materials and methods. Analysis of the literature over the past 10 years.

Results. The article provides information regarding the effectiveness and safety of the following genetically engineered biological drugs: omalizumab, reslizumab, dupilumab, mepolizumab, benralizumab.

Conclusion. Genetically engineered biological drugs can improve lung function, reduce the frequency of exacerbations and hospitalizations, and reduce the consumption of inhaled glucocorticosteroids.

 
Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):556-557
pages 556-557 views

Analysis of oral anticoagulants usage in the prevention of recurrent cardioembolic strokes in hospitals

Valeryevna O.V., Babayan M.V., Tadtayeva Z.G.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. The presence of atrial fibrillation is associated with a fivefold increase in the risk of cardioembolic stroke [1]. Goal. Conduct a comparative analysis of the effectiveness and safety of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) compared with Warfarin for the prevention of recurrent strokes, based on the hospital n.15 in St. Petersburg. Materials and methods. We have reviewed 30 medical records of patients aged from 51 to 92 years with a diagnosis of ischemic stroke of cardioembolic etiology. The first group of patients with first time. The second group –with recurrent stroke. Results. In patients with a single stroke, taking Apiksaban 5 mg 2 times a day, a decrease in glomerular filtration rate to less than 50 ml/min and gastric bleeding was detected in 7% of cases respectively and 40% of patients had a recurrent stroke. The effectiveness of Eliquis exceeds the effectiveness of Rivaroxaban by 6%. Conclusions. NOACs have similar efficacy; do not require constant laboratory monitoring, dosage adjustment, or diet; are more effective in reducing the risk of stroke than Warfarin. NOACs can cause complications – gastrointestinal bleeding, impaired renal function.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):557-560
pages 557-560 views

Features and comparative characteristics of local hemostatic preparations based on zeolite, chitosan and kaolin

Nichiporuk A.G., Gennadevich S., Mashyanova O.A., Evgrafova K.A., Rusanovsky V.V.

Abstract

Introduction. In modern practice, massive bleeding is the most important and frequent preventable cause of death at the prehospital stage, which is why constant developments are underway in this area. The most modern and relevant solution to this problem, along with classical methods, is the use of local hemostatic agents, which at the same time not only increase the chances of survival of the victim, but also significantly reduce the risks of delayed complications.The goal of this study is to study the main types of local hemostatic agents, their mechanisms of action, the most optimal methods of application and give them a comparative characteristic, depending on the active substance and the form of release. Materials andmethods. The analysis of literary sources in text databases and citation systems Elibrary, PubMed, Scopus is carried out.Conclusions.The modern arsenal of local hemostatic agents is quite wide and diverse, including many active substances and forms of release, however, the most convenient and effective in the prehospital stage for massive bleeding, including arterial bleeding, are kaolin and chitosan preparations, produced in the form of special tampon bandages.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):560-562
pages 560-562 views

Comparative analysis of the structure of prescriptions for fixed combinations of antihypertensive drugs containing diuretics

Kornilov A.А., Rogova O.V.

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, no little effort is being made on the territory of the Russian Federation to treat hypertension. And despite the great efforts of the healthcare system and doctors, this disease remains one of the most significant medical and social problems. This is due to: the widespread spread of this disease, the lack of blood pressure control even with drug therapy in a significant proportion of patients, as well as the fact that hypertension is the main risk factor for cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and cerebral stroke, mainly determining the high mortality rate in the country. Goal. To conduct a comparative analysis of the structure of prescriptions for fixed combinations of antihypertensive drugs containing diuretics. Materials and methods. A search of literature sources was carried out in order to identify the most popular fixed combinations of antihypertensive drugs containing diuretics. During the study, data were obtained on the structure of consumption of antihypertensive drugs in the form of fixed combinations. A comparison was made of the structure of the market of antihypertensive drugs in pharmacies in the cities of Kursk, Orel, Kaluga, Bryansk and Smolensk for 2021 and 2022. Results. The most popular and least popular combination of drugs for 2021 and 2022 in kind (in packages) has been identified. The most popular is "indapamide + perindopril" - "ACE inhibitor + diuretic", the least popular is "BMCC + diuretic". Conclusions. Fixed combinations of antihypertensive drugs containing diuretics occupy a worthy place in the pharmacotherapy of hypertension. This approach significantly improves the quality of life of patients, as well as facilitates the work of doctors and pharmacists. It can also be noted that, from an economic point of view, the purchase of these drugs leads to significant benefits for patients.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):562-565
pages 562-565 views

Prospects of HBx-targeted therapy for hepatitis B virus

Saveleva A.A., Astudin E.S., Alexanyan A.M., Rusanovsky V.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The incidence of viral hepatitis B is a pressing issue in healthcare, prompting the need for new approaches to disease therapy. The question remains open regarding the development of new treatment strategies. Objective. To analyze contemporary data on the molecular mechanisms of viral hepatitis B pathogenesis and promising directions in antiviral therapy. Materials and methods. Literature search and analysis were conducted on platforms such as Elibrary, PubMed, CyberLeninka, and Scopus to identify the latest research results in the field of viral hepatitis B pathogenesis and key perspectives in antiviral therapy. Results. The data on the mechanisms of HBx protein functioning in viral hepatitis B have been obtained. Three promising directions in antiviral therapy aimed at reducing HBx protein production or limiting its activity were identified: nitazoxanide - a drug inhibiting the interaction of HBx with host cell proteins, which is important for the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis; dicoumarol - a substance promoting HBx degradation; monoclonal antibodies against HBx. Conclusions. HBx protein is the most important link in the pathogenesis of viral hepatitis B. Antiviral HBx-targeted therapy is potentially effective in the treatment of acute and chronic forms of viral hepatitis B and requires further studies.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):565-568
pages 565-568 views

Фармация

Marketing research of the market of medicines for the treatment of patients with gastric ulcer

Anpilogowa J.S., Oleinikova T.A.

Abstract

This article examines the statistics of the incidence of gastric ulcer disease, the results of a marketing analysis of the market of medicines for the treatment of nosology according to clinical recommendations, as well as the results of marketing research on both the federal market of medicines in Russia and the regional one on the example of Kursk. Goal. To conduct marketing research of the medicines market for the treatment of diseases of the gastric ulcer. Materials and methods. Clinical recommendations for the treatment of peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, the State Register of Medicines of Russia, the official website of the Pharmacy Reference Service, scientific literature were analyzed. The methods used in the work are: systemic, structural, graphoanalytic. Results. A list of recommended drugs for the treatment of gastric ulcer was established, marketing research was conducted on the following parameters: groups of drugs (pharmacotherapeutic, anatomical, therapeutic and chemical), which were analyzed according to the following classification feature - active ingredients, composition, trade names, medicines, dosage forms, manufacturing countries, novelty. Based on the results of the analysis of the federal market, a macro contour was compiled, which was used to assess the regional medicines market, additionally evaluated by the parameters of completeness, depth and breadth of the assortment. Conclusions. According to the results of the conducted marketing research, it was found that the range of medicines is able to fully meet the needs of the Russian population in the treatment of gastric ulcer, the local range of drugs in the city of Kursk is optimal, since it includes medicines with all possible recommended international nonproprietary names, as well as in all dosage forms.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):569-572
pages 569-572 views

Evaluation of biological activity phytochemical compounds of аilanthus altissima

Odaryuk V.V., Budanova V.A., Yatscenko A.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

 Introduction. The plant Ailanthus altissima of the family Simaroubaceae is characterized by the content of a great number of phytochemical compounds with potential biological activity. In order to select the most promising compounds for medicine, their first screening is carried out by modeling methods based on the chemical structure of the substances. The aim of the work was to predict the biological activity of alkaloids and quassinoids found in Ailanthus altissima. Materials and methods. Analysis of the possible biological activity of twelve individual compounds found in ailanthus was performed using the PASS-online web service. Result The biological activity of terpenoids (aylantone, aylantinol A, chaparrinone, chaparrin, chinyudilactone A, chinyudilactone), as well as indole alkaloids containing the structure of canthin-6-one or β-carboline, was predicted. Ailanthus canthine alkaloids are predicted to have inhibitory activity against a large number of enzymes. It is possible that ailanthus alkaloids may have antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2. Ailanthus quassinoids potentially have anticancer activity and, according to modeling results, may be inhibitors of the Myc oncogenes (Pa=0.83-0.97). Conclusions. Based on the prediction of the biological activity of individual phytochemical compounds of Ailanthus, the prospects for their further isolation and experimental study are shown.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):572-574
pages 572-574 views

Prospects for studying the pharmacological action of vegetable portulaca (Portulaca Oleracea L.) And large-flowered purslane (Portulaca Grandiflora), as a possible source of a valuable species of LRS

Drobysheva A.A., Ostanina M.V.

Abstract

Currently, there is a growing global interest in the use of herbal medicines and their main components for the development of new effective medicines with fewer side effects. Portulaca Oleracea L. is an annual succulent plant of the Portulaceae family, subclass of Caryophyllidae. It is widely distributed all over the world. In Russia, it grows in the south of the European part, in the Caucasus and the Far East, cosmopolitan, eurychorus. The distribution area is disjunctive, contour-dotted. It grows in well-moistened habitats - hygrophyte, light-loving. Due to the lack of scientifically sound data on both the chemical composition and the accumulation of plant metabolites, portulacea is not a pharmacopoeia species. And also, the raw materials are not included in the state pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition, and are used in official medicine of Russia. According to the data of foreign scientific literature, the aqueous extract of the plant shows high pharmacological activity. As a result, vegetable purslane is an actual and promising source of a valuable type of medicinal plant raw materials. The work examined and analyzed evidence-based data on studies of anti-inflammatory, antitumor, antioxidant

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):575-578
pages 575-578 views

Research of the pharmaceutical market for antiperspirant shampoos in Russia

Druzhinina V.V., Oleynikova T.A., Kurilova O.O.

Abstract

Introduction. In the structure of the assortment of the pharmaceutical market, the goods of the additional pharmacy assortment occupy a significant share, among them a high share is accounted for perfumery and cosmetic products. One of the most sought-after products of cosmetic products are hair care products.  They are mainly represented by the traditional form – shampoos. In the State Pharmacopoeia of the XIV edition, medicinal shampoos were for the first time allocated to a separate group of dosage forms. The most common nosology for which medicinal shampoos are used is seborrheic dermatitis or its milder form– dandruff. The purpose of the study is to study and analyze the range of antiperspirant shampoos in the federal and regional (Kursk) pharmaceutical market of Russia. Materials and methods. The study was conducted on the basis of clinical recommendations, a draft standard for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis, the State Register of Medicines, and data from online pharmacies. The assortment analysis was carried out using general scientific (systemic, complex, content analysis, generalization) and mathematical (structural, tabular) research methods. Results. During the study, it was found that the range of antiperspirant shampoos is represented by 151 names, among them the main part consists of cosmetics. The analysis of the regional market showed that 63 items of products are presented in Kursk, most of which are also cosmetic. Conclusions. The analysis of the assortment allowed us to conclude that the range of antiperspirant shampoos of pharmacies in Kursk allows you to individually select drug therapy for the treatment of seborrheic dermatitis of the head.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):578-583
pages 578-583 views

Complete stowage for primary health care at amateur sport competitions

Karandina E.S., Kartachova O.V.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. The topic of primary health care stowage for amateur sporting events remains unexplored. One of the reasons for this problem is the lack of necessary information on the division of stowage depending on the type of sport, the level of competition and the place of care. A special urgency arises in connection with the implementation of the federal project "Sport is the norm of life", the main goal of which is 70% of Russians regularly engaged in sports by 2030. The goal of this study is to examine the order of completing medical aid stowages during amateur sports competitions. Materials and Methods. A social study was conducted on the basis of an amateur sports basketball league. Health care providers participated in this study. The sample volume amounted to 100%. Results. It was found that the health care pads were placed in different containers. 32.2% of the respondents indicated that the packs do not have any identifying marks. 25.8% of the respondents indicated that it was inconvenient to use the pads. 67.8% of the respondents state that the storage of the stacks is done in the staff room. 32.3% of respondents assessed that the staffing of the pads does not correspond to the quality of health care provided to the athlete. Conclusions. It is necessary to introduce into the normative requirements the order of completing the medical and sanitary care packages depending on the type of sport and level of sporting events, that is to determine the type of packages, places of their storage, rules of replenishment and use.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):583-585
pages 583-585 views

Market analysis of medicines for the fight against multiple sclerosis: marketing research

Kovalenko S.V., Oleynikova T.A.

Abstract

Introduction. The analysis of the nomenclature of medicines is one of the most demanded areas of marketing research of the pharmaceutical market, which is carried out not only to assess the rationality of the assortment, but also to develop recommendations for its development, which contributes to improving the quality of drug supply to the population. Multiple sclerosis is a rare disease with an unclear etiology that requires specific therapy. To date, multiple sclerosis is a socially significant disease. Modern therapy for multiple sclerosis mainly includes drug therapy. In this regard, it is of interest to consider the completeness and accessibility of the range of medicines to provide this category of patients. Goal. The study and analysis of a medicinal resource for the treatment of multiple sclerosis in the pharmaceutical market of Kursk and the country as a whole. Materials and methods. The materials of the study were clinical recommendations for the treatment of multiple sclerosis, the state register of medicines of Russia, the Vidal directory, the electronic reference service of pharmacies in Kursk. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: meaningful analysis, generalization, systemic, structural, tabular, complex, logical types of analysis. Results. Based on the analysis of the nomenclature of medicines for the treatment of multiple sclerosis and a comparative analysis of the assortment of federal and regional market segments, the main directions of assortment policy in the pharmaceutical market of Kursk have been formed by expanding the range of dosage forms and trade names of medicinal products. Conclusion. Thanks to the conducted marketing research, results were obtained that will contribute to increasing the satisfaction of patients with these pathologies.

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):585-588
pages 585-588 views

Development of the base of medicinal chewable pastills using plant polymers

Kutz I.S., Alekhina M.I.

Abstract

According to the current State Register of Medicines, 10 trade names of medicines currently have a valid registration certificate for the dosage form “lozenges”. At the same time, the share of medicinal lozenges intended for resorption is 60%, and the remaining 40% are intended for chewing, but are represented by preparations of animal origin. The purpose of this work is to develop the basis of medicinal chewable lozenges using polymers of plant origin. Materials and methods. As objects of study, six prescriptions of medicinal chewable lozenges of various compositions, manufactured according to individually selected technological schemes depending on the physicochemical properties of plant polymers: pectin, agar-agar, xanthan gum, were considered. According to the results of the study, Recipe 4 was considered optimal, containing 0.2 g of agar-agar and 0.1 g of pectin, sucrose, glucose, citric acid, purified water, flavor and odor flavoring agents. Also, the best characteristics were shown by lozenges made using technology II, which takes into account all the features of working with agar-agar and pectin. However, this composition and manufacturing technology require correction and further research to obtain medicinal chewable lozenges with the best elastic-plastic properties, storage stability and less scatter in the data obtained.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):588-591
pages 588-591 views

Marketing analysis of the market of phytopreparations and phytocosmetics for the treatment of dermatoses

Mogunova O.I., Oleiynikova T.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Currently, herbal medicines are widely used in the treatment of various skin diseases and to protect it from external irritating factors. Natural cosmetics are gaining popularity, they are actively used not only for the treatment, but also for the prevention of dermatoses, as well as to maintain skin health. The study raises the issue of the availability of phytopreparations and phytocosmetics used in dermatology, as well as the lack of a single term and uniform standards for natural cosmetics. Goal. To analyze the Russian market of phytopreparations and phytocosmetics for the treatment of dermatoses and to study the awareness of students of the Faculty of Pharmacy about natural cosmetics. Materials and methods. The research materials were regulatory documents, scientific publications, and official websites of manufacturers of natural cosmetics. The marketing analysis of the market is carried out using structural, systemic, graphoanalytic, logical and content analysis. The survey was conducted using a sociological method. Results. It has been established that the target segment of phytopreparations and phytocosmetics is represented on the Russian pharmaceutical market, the assortment is dominated by combined cosmetics in liquid dosage forms of domestic production. A wide range of natural remedies allows doctors to select therapy individually. Most students of the Faculty of Pharmacy are not sufficiently aware of the ingredients allowed for use in natural cosmetics, and are not familiar with domestic brands. There is an obvious need to develop regulatory documentation for natural cosmetics, raise awareness among students of the Faculty of Pharmacy and actively promote domestic brands of natural cosmetics.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):591-595
pages 591-595 views

Selection and optimisation of nutrient media and conditions for in vitro tissue culture of the lichen Eviernia prunastri (l.) Ach.

Suleymanova A.R., Kiriakidi E.P., Egorova E.A.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. In the process of selection and optimisation of nutrient media and in vitro cultivation conditions, morphological, cyto- and histochemical analyses of E. prunastri lichen cells and tissues were performed. In order to create optimal conditions for lichen cultivation, lichen growth was carried out on different variants of nutrient media: liquid, solid and with the addition of alcoholic extracts or aqueous decoctions from plants on which E. prunastri grows in natural conditions. Materials and methods: the study was conducted using E. prunastri lichen plants collected in natural habitats of the Crimean peninsula, using the in vitro tissue culture method. Results: the optimal conditions for growth and development of lichen E. prunastri (L.) Ach were determined during the study. Conclusion: based on the obtained data, a number of regularities at the morpho-, cyto- and histochemical levels were identified, which contribute to the creation of the most favourable nutrient medium for cultivation of the studied plant.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):596-598
pages 596-598 views

Физиологические механизмы адаптации в норме и патологии

The assessment of the quality of life of international students from Africa during the period of adaptation to the conditions of the Far North

Lobanova M.A., Zakharova F.A.

Abstract

Introduction. In the conditions of the Far North, the immigrant population is exposed to a combination of extreme environmental factors, which requires great strain on the compensatory-adaptive and reserve capabilities of the organism. High demands are also placed on the psychological health. Nowadays immigrants are represented not only by migrants from Russia and the nearest countries, but also by international students from foreign countries. There is a high percent of African students, including Egypt ones, in the North-Eastern federal university (Yakutsk) who are forced to adapt to the abrupt climate change conditions and other difficulties.

The goal of this study is to research general health and the quality of life of the 38 male students of Egypt studying in NEFU, Yakutsk. Materials and methods. The assessment of the quality of life was carried out by the SF-36 international questionnaire. Results. The general health was normal. The quality of life was reduced mainly due to the Psychological component. The Physical component of the health and separate rates were mainly shown satisfactory or high points. The General heath by the SF-36 questionnaire was satisfactory or high in 74% students that was good tendency. Conclusions. The general adaptation syndrome has not reached the resistant phase. The work of curators, timely psychological help are especially important in that period.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):599-602
pages 599-602 views

Component analysis of evoked potentials during attentional shifts relative to threatening visual information

Orekhova E.R., Astashchenko A.P.

Abstract

Relevance. Attentional bias is a major component of perception and may reflect the effects of emotional stress. However, little is known about the characteristics of attentional fixation in the early stages of the development of anxiety disorders.

The goal. To identify bioelectric markers of attentional shifts in young people – student volunteers.

Methods. The dot test was used in tests with neutral-negative and neutral-positive sets of images. During the test period, the reaction time to the point was recorded, and an electroencephalogram was recorded, from which evoked potentials were then extracted.

Results. Based on reaction time, the subjects were divided into 3 groups: 1st group with a faster reaction to dots after a threatening picture, 2nd - with a faster reaction to dots after a neutral picture, 3rd - with the same reaction time to threatening and neutral visual information. However, no significant differences were recorded in reaction times to neutral-positive pictures. Young people with rapid reactions to visual information with an alarming value are characterized by an early P120 component in the parieto-occipital leads, presumably reflecting the mechanism of primary processing of visual information, and an N100 component in the frontal leads, associated with early recognition of visual information.

Conclusions. P100 and N100 are associated with the distribution of automatic attentional resources and can be used as bioelectrical markers of distortions in cognitive processes associated with attentional shifts in the early stages of the development of anxiety and emotional stress.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):602-604
pages 602-604 views

Changes in the activity of the enzymatic component of antioxidant protection in the area of layer-by-layer wound defects in the skin of rats

Sahan M.A., Ivanov A.N.

Abstract

Currently, there is an acute problem of finding an effective and affordable treatment for open skin lesions. One of the obstacles to the rapid healing of skin wounds is the free radicals formed during alteration. The role of free radicals is twofold; both their positive and negative effects are known. In this regard, when developing drugs, a more detailed study of the effects of reactive oxygen species in the wound area, as well as antioxidant defense systems, is necessary.

The purpose of this study was to study the activity of the enzymes catalase and superoxide dismutase in the area of layer-by-layer wound defects in the skin of rats.

For this purpose, 27 male rats were used, which were divided into three groups: The first group was the control group, which included 9 intact animals. The second group included 9 rats that underwent a model of acute excisional skin wound, blood was taken from them on the 7th day of the study. The third group included rats that underwent a model of acute excisional skin wound; blood was taken from them on the 14th day of the study.

In the obtained blood, markers of the state of prooxidant-antioxidant systems were assessed, namely: the activity of the enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD), determination of catalase activity. For this purpose, reagents from Cayman Chemical Company (USA) were used.

As a result of the studies, it was found that excision damage to the skin leads to activation of the enzymatic component of antioxidant protection, which is manifested by a persistent increase in the activity of SOD and catalase in the blood serum

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):605-607
pages 605-607 views

The role of histamine in the realization of the stimulating effect of the skin flap on microcirculation in alloxan diabetes in white rats

Tastenbekova S.I., Lebedeva A.E., Loyko D.D.

Abstract

Introduction. The high prevalence of diabetes mellitus, as well as the frequency of premature disability of mortality associated with its vascular complications, lead to an in-depth study of the pathogenesis, methods of correction and prevention of this pathology. Objective: to determine the role of histamine and catecholamines in the effects of skin flap autotransplantation (SFA)on the state of microcirculation in alloxan insulin deficiency in white rats. Materials and methods. The studies were conducted on white rats divided into three groups: control intact rats, rats with alloxan diabetes, and rats who underwent SFA against the background of alloxan diabetes. The state of microcirculation was assessed by the LDF method, the concentration of histamine and catecholamines in the blood, and morphological changes in the SFA zone. Results. In rats, under the influence of SFA, there was a significant increase in skin perfusion, as well as an increase in histamine concentration and a decrease in the level of catecholamines in the blood. Conclusion. The stimulating effect of  on microc SFA irculation in impaired carbohydrate metabolism is due to changes in the concentrations of biogenic amines in the blood, which contribute to the redistribution of active mechanisms of blood flow modulation.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):607-609
pages 607-609 views

Study of the influence of speleoclimate on the ionic composition of blood and saliva, ionic composition and general urine analysis of an adult healthy person

Shishkina P.A., Semiletova V.A.

Abstract

Target. To study the influence of speleoclimate on the ionic composition of blood and saliva, the ionic composition and general urine analysis of an adult healthy person. Materials and methods. The study involved 40 1st and 2nd year student volunteers at VSMU. N.N. Burdenko (12 boys and 18 girls). Study participants were divided into two groups. During the course of speleotherapy, 20 subjects (2 boys and 18 girls) took calcium gluconate 2 tablets 2 times a day with meals, the second group underwent a course of speleotherapy without the use of calcium gluconate. Statistical processing of the obtained data was carried out using Excel and IBM SSPS Statistics 26. Results. The level of potassium, sodium and chlorine in the blood increased after the third procedure relative to the resting state before speleotherapy, and decreased after the tenth speleotherapy. The level of Ca2+ in urine increased after the third speleological procedure and increased further by the end of speleoclimatotherapy. Under the influence of the speleoclimate, an increase in the amount of ketones, bilirubin, urobilinogen, and protein was noted, which indicates changes in the metabolism of the study participants. Conclusions. An increase in urine ketones and protein under the influence of speleoclimate, bilirubin dynamics, changes in the ionic composition of blood and saliva, ionic composition and general urine analysis for the first time suggested the influence of speleoclimate on the metabolism of an adult healthy person. The combined use of Ca and speleoclimate did not affect the detection of ketones, but increased the amount of detected protein.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):609-612
pages 609-612 views

Физическая культура и медицинская реабилитация

Respiratory gymnastics as an important stage of the nursing process in pneumonia

Zueva M.V., Dyatchna N.G.

Abstract

Resume. Introduction. The relevance of the nursing process in the care of patients with pneumonia lies in the fact that for each patient, often close and dear people do not have the opportunity to provide the necessary care for him. Almost all medical institutions provide such a service. Providing competent care, fulfilling doctor's prescriptions, proper nutrition and rehabilitation after pneumonia is an important criterion for noticeably accelerating recovery and preventing the occurrence of complications. [2] Pneumonia is a disease characterized by damage to the lung tissue. The need to study this disease is due to the fact that the outcome of this disease and the ability to work of patients in the future largely depend not only on early diagnosis and adequately conducted therapy, but also on the organization of nursing care for patients with pneumonia in a hospital setting. [1]The purpose of the study: to study the role of a nurse in the organization of nursing care and training in respiratory gymnastics for patients with pneumonia. Research methods: System analysis, statistical data processing, comparative and structural analysis, ranking. The results of the study: The survey was conducted on the GOOGLE platform, and respondents with potential pathologies of pneumonia participated. The results are encrypted and confidential. After conducting a survey, it can be revealed among patients that many face problems of ignorance about breathing exercises and their performance. This is one of the leading problems of rehabilitation after upper respiratory tract diseases. This work largely depends on the effective work of the nurse, the ability to find a common language with the patient. Keywords: respiratory gymnastics., pneumonia., disease., survey., patient.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):613-614
pages 613-614 views

The effect of interferon status on the physical activity of athletes

Prosvetov S.G., Dorokhov A.E., Akperova S.R., Klennikova T.V.

Abstract

Relevance. Improving the results of athletes when using interferon inducers as a preventive measure for influenza and SARS. Goal. To find out how the interferon level affects the results of physical activity. Materials and methods. 32 subjects who were divided into 4 groups: 2 groups – students of N. N. Burdenko VSMU and 2 groups of athletes-swimmers. Results. The improvement in performance is more significant in the groups that took interferon inducers. Especially a greater increase in people who are systematically engaged in physical activity. Apparently, metabolic changes under the influence of interferon potentiate the positive effect of physical exertion on the body. Conclusions. Our study proves the positive effect of interferon on the physical abilities of the body. Due to multiple and complex metabolic changes, it is impossible to name the exact cause of this. However, it can be concluded that taking interferon inducers in the autumn-spring period not only increases the body's resistance to viral infections, but also increases physical abilities.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):615-616
pages 615-616 views

Yoga as a method of psychotherapeutic self-help and its influence on stress resistance of 1st-2nd year medical university students

Furgalova P., Ershov E.

Abstract

Introduction. The article “Yoga as a method of psychotherapeutic self-help and its influence on stress resistance of 1st-2nd year medical university students” examined the role of yoga in improving mental health and the ability of students to endure stressful situations. Target. To evaluate the influence of yoga on stress resistance of medical university students and increasing the relevance of physical activity such as yoga among students of VSMU named after. N.I. Burdenko. Materials and methods. The study included an analysis of changes in the psycho-emotional state, stress level and overall self-regulation effectiveness of participants after starting regular yoga classes. Using questionnaires and testing, a performance assessment was conducted among first- and second-year medical university students who practiced yoga for nine months. Results. There was a significant increase in stress tolerance and a decrease in anxiety in participants practicing yoga compared to the control group. The results of the presented work allowed us to better understand the connection between the practice of yoga and the level of stress resistance in students, as well as highlight the key aspects of its use as an effective means of self-help and increasing psychological resilience in the educational environment. Conclusions. Based on the results obtained, it can be seen that yoga has a positive effect on students, helping to improve sleep quality, concentration and memory.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):616-618
pages 616-618 views

Философия и гуманитарные дисциплины в XXI веке

The mass extermination by the Nazis of persons with mental disabilities in the village of Orlovka, Voronezh region, in the summer of 1942

Bakhtina A.V., Likhobabina A.S., Bakhtin V.V.

Abstract

Currently, the topic of war crimes committed by the Nazis and their accomplices during the Great Patriotic War are of increased public and scientific interest. In the Russian Federation, the project "No statute of Limitations" is being implemented, aimed at perpetuating the memory of victims among the civilian population. The Nazis and their accomplices carried out mass terror against civilians, one of the groups of victims to be destroyed were people with disabilities. The authors studied archival documents of the archive declassified within the framework of the project and were able to reconstruct the events of July 14, 1942 – the day of the mass shooting of patients of the psychiatric hospital in Orlovka.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):619-621
pages 619-621 views

The influence of difficulties on the formation of personality

Derevenskikh A.A., Gasparov I.G.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. In 2024, the topic of becoming a strong personality under the influence of difficulties is relevant for every person, since no one is immune from encountering difficulties in their lives. Understanding how to overcome obstacles and what factors can contribute to this can help people become more self-confident, adaptive and successful individuals.The purpose of the study is to identify the impact of hardship on human strength and other
factors that contribute to the development of personal strength. The article deals with various aspects
of this problem. Internet sources on the topic of life difficulties were used as materials, as well as a
questionnaire among first-year students of the Institute of Dentistry (age of respondents 18-21 years
and older). The results of the study showed that difficulties are encountered in everyone's life and
many people experience negative emotions and feelings when meeting them. The survey participants
confirmed that not only life difficulties contribute to the formation of a strong personality, but also
other aspects such as support from loved ones, self-confidence, purpose, self-discipline and others.
Thus, the research on the impact of hardships on human strength shows that they can stimulate
personal growth and development. In addition, internal resources are also important for building a
strong personality. Recognizing these factors helps us to better understand the mechanisms of
personal strength development and enables us to help people in their self-development and
overcoming difficulties.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):622-623
pages 622-623 views

The priority of the spiritual over the material in the value system of a medical university student

Idrisov O., Kirillova V.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Studying at a medical university is inextricably linked with educational and cultural components, which contributes to the development of empathy, responsibility, moral stability and the ability to sacrifice oneself. These spiritual qualities are key to building trusting relationships with patients and providing quality medical care. Spiritual values help to form a deep sense of morality and professional ethics of the future doctor. Goal. To determine the position of spiritual values in relation to material values among students of medical universities. Materials and methods. The study was conducted by analyzing the activities of medical students. Results. For a medical university student, awareness of the priority of spiritual values over material ones is not only a personal choice, but also a need for professional development. It is on moral constants that the formation of both a qualified specialist and a person capable of deep compassion, understanding and willingness to help others depends. Conclusions. Spiritual aspects play a key role in the value system of a medical university student. They form the basis of professional ethics, determine the level of personal and professional development. It is especially important for a future doctor to preserve and develop moral ideals, focusing on serving people and society.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):623-625
pages 623-625 views

Natural objects of Voronezh. 100th anniversary of the Voronezh State Natural Biosphere Reserve named after V.M. Peskova

Ishutin R.D., Satina I.V.

Abstract

Introduction. In our time (in the age of computer technology, in the age of the atom) we need to protect flora and fauna. With my project, I encourage people to take care of the natural resources of their homeland, including the Voronezh region. Purpose. to analyze students’ knowledge about the ecological environment of the Voronezh Nature Reserve and the heritage of V.M. Peskova. Materials and methods. During the study, a survey was carried out, an analysis of the information obtained from literary sources was carried out, and then statistical processing of the results was performed. Results. The survey revealed the students' interest in preserving and enhancing the riches of the cultural and ecological development of the Voronezh land. Conclusion. Currently, there is a real danger of the threat of extinction of many species of plants and animals due to the unfavorable ecological situation on Earth, therefore, protective zones, sanctuaries, nature reserves, and parks are being created to protect and preserve the environment. The survey showed a good awareness of current contemporaries on the issues of environmental development of the Voronezh region and knowledge of the heritage of V.M. Peskov. A sufficient level of knowledge of environmental development problems will prevent global changes in the environmental situation.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):625-628
pages 625-628 views

The evolution of medical ethics in a historical and philosophical context

Morgacheva O.V., Ruzhentsev S.E.

Abstract

Abstract.

Introduction. The modern model of medical ethics determines the attitude in society towards the medical profession as a whole, and, as a consequence, the social status of the medical profession in the hierarchy of the professional picture. The purpose of the article is to analyze the evolution of philosophical and religious concepts that define the body of models of medical ethics from a historical perspective. Materials and methods. A search of literature sources was performed. The key method of this research is the analysis of philosophical, sociological literature on the research problem, and the logic is built on the principle of deduction: from the general (philosophical aspect) to the particular (sociological aspect). Results. Historically, the primary model of medical ethics is the Hippocratic Oath with the central principle of “Do no harm.” The next model of medical ethics was formalized during the Renaissance. The key tenets of the Hippocratic Oath were rethought, including taking into account the Christian picture of the world, and embodied in the anthropocentricity characteristic of the Renaissance. A new model of medical ethics was formed based on the research of Paracelsus. The paternalistic model was based on the principle of “Do good.” The displacement of the paternalism model from medical ethics was carried out under the influence of the development of capitalist society. The deontological model of medical ethics is based on the concept of respect for duty. In the 1970-1980s, this model had a serious competitor - bioethics, which is based on the principle of patient autonomy. Conclusions. Currently, there is a simultaneous coexistence of deontological and bioethical models of medical ethics, which indicates the incompleteness of the crisis state of the ethical field of medicine.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):628-632
pages 628-632 views

Ethical and philosophical problems of prolonging human life in an attempt to achieve immortality

Musaeva L.M., Vvedenskaya E.V.

Abstract

The problem of prolonging human life has not lost its relevance for centuries. Currently, the development of science and, in particular, regenerative medicine, can play a key role in solving this issue until people achieve immortality. Goal. To consider the prerequisites for the formation of the medicine of the future and the possibility of defeating death. To analyze the influence of philosophy on the trends in the development of medicine in this way. Materials and methods. A search was made for scientific articles on the problems of death and immortality, on the role of achievements of regenerative medicine in science in order to identify the potential possibility of overcoming death by man and to determine views from the perspective of modern philosophy of cosmism on this problem. Results. The ideas of philosophical cosmism about achieving immortality on a universal scale have not been developed in modern medicine. However, the developing field of biomedicine – regenerative medicine – allows the use of accumulated scientific knowledge to influence regenerative processes at the cellular and molecular level, which makes it potentially possible not only to prolong the life of a particular person, but also to achieve biological immortality. Conclusions. At the moment, there is a gap between the philosophical and scientific views on the problem of death and immortality. Medicine is aimed at achieving immortality only within the human body, which is not consistent with the ideas of cosmistic philosophers. The philosophy of cosmism defines immortality as the perfection of the material and spiritual component of a person, his mind. To bridge the gap, it is possible to revise the concepts of "death" and "immortality".

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):632-633
pages 632-633 views

Morbidity statistics of the Voronezh province population at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries

Semin V.V., Markova S.V.

Abstract

Introduction. The article tells about the main diseases that were recorded by zemstvo doctors in the Voronezh province in 1898-1902. At the beginning of the twentieth century, the Voronezh Zemstvo prepared the first statistical studies of diseases of the population of the province. Goal. To consider the historical materials of the history of zemstvo medicine and medical statistics. Materials and methods. The main source for writing the work were the statistical reports of the zemstvo doctor A.I. Shingarev. The historical-comparative and chronological method was used to analyze the works. The results. In the first statistical work of Voronezh zemstvo doctors, diseases were classified as "local" or therapeutic and parasitic-infectious. Diseases of the digestive and respiratory organs accounted for the largest percentage of diseases of the inhabitants of the province. The prevailing mortality rate was noted from infectious diseases measles and diphtheria. Conclusions: The statistical data of zemstvo medicine allow us to see the general picture of morbidity in the Voronezh province, the most common diseases, trends in their changes, the effectiveness of treatment, attempts to predict epidemic diseases.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):633-636
pages 633-636 views

170 years since the birth of Sergei Sergeevich Korsakov: doctor, psychiatrist and scientist

Silkin A.V., Abramyan A.A., Klyukin A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. 2024 marks exactly 170 years since the birth of Sergei Sergeevich Korsakov, the great Russian psychiatrist, doctor and researcher. 

Target. Get acquainted with the life story of a brilliant scientist, the founder of a new trend in psychiatry and his enormous contribution to this scientific discipline. 

Methods. Consideration and careful study of literary data that tell about the life of Korsakov. Analysis of information from the file cabinet of the State Medical University. A combination of other materials about the life of Sergei Sergeevich Korsakov found on the Internet. 

Results. Korsakov did a lot of outstanding things for the development of such a scientific discipline as psychiatry. His famous work, “A Course in Psychiatry,” contains reflections on a humane attitude towards psychiatric patients; in addition, he expressed thoughts about the need for state intervention in the process of providing psychiatric care. Sergei Sergeevich also proposed to develop and implement special measures that would be aimed at preventing mental illnesses and deviations among the country's population. Korsakov was the first to describe the manifestations of acute psychosis, which was characterized by a special memory disorder, and he also identified special stages in the development of psychoses. 

Conclusion. Familiarization with information about the lives of the greatest medical scientists is an integral stage in preparing students for future professional activities. 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):636-638
pages 636-638 views

The Battle of Tavrida: on the 80th anniversary of the Crimean offensive operation

Udovichenko K.S., Rakova E.A.

Abstract

Intrduction. In 2024, our country celebrates the 80th anniversary of the liberation of Crimea from Nazi invaders. Studying the events of those distant years is necessary not only to honor the memory of Soviet soldiers who fought for the freedom of our Homeland, but also to remind the modern generation once again of the dangers and horrors of fascism. Goal. To consider the course and results of the Crimean offensive operation of the Soviet troops (April 8-May 12, 1944). Materials and methods. Both general scientific methods were used in the study (analysis of sources and scientific literature on the problem, generalization and systematization of the information received) so are special historical research methods (narrative, synchronous, problem-chronological). Results. During the Crimean offensive, the troops of the 4th Ukrainian Front, the Separate Primorsky Army, the Black Sea Fleet and the Azov Military Flotilla were able to defeat the 17th German Army and take over the entire Crimean Peninsula, which is an important strategic

bridgehead in the Black Sea theater of operations. Conclusions. The Crimean offensive operation of 1944 became a landmark event of the Great Patriotic War. The liberation of Crimea from the Nazi invaders made it possible to transfer the fighting to the territory of Europe without fear of an enemy strike from the rear. The capture of Sevastopol, the main base of the Russian Black Sea Fleet, became a symbol of the heroism of the Soviet people. The memory of the feat of the defenders and liberators of Crimea is forever inscribed in the history of the country.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):638-641
pages 638-641 views

Формирование профессиональной компетенции средствами иностранных языков

Trends in modern pharmaceutical naming

Kovalev N.A., Varnavskaia E.V.

Abstract

Abstract. The article presents a study of the main trends in modern pharmaceutical naming based on English language materials. It is proven that the process of forming drug names plays an important role in their uniqueness, identification, and patient perception.
The aim of this work is to describe some stages of the process of forming drug names, demonstrating the importance of context and historical events in pharmaceutical naming.

During the research, names created based on real historical facts and scientific discoveries are considered. An analysis of sociocultural factors influencing the choice of drug names is conducted.

Skillful and high-quality naming is of great importance for the uniqueness and identification of a drug, as well as for patient perception. Names can reflect the specificity of the active substance, chemical structure, or pharmacological properties, facilitating their identification.

Choosing a suitable and memorable name for a drug is an art that requires careful analysis of various factors, including cultural, historical, and scientific aspects. This creative process is important to ensure a high level of quality in medical services and patient care.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):642-644
pages 642-644 views

Psycholinguistic research of professional features of the semantics of the words "pressure", "fetus"

Tikhonova P.A., Povalyuhina D.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Psycholinguistics as a science has been actively developing in recent years. One of the important directions is the semantic analysis of group differences in the meanings of a word. These studies are also relevant in medicine, primarily for understanding the specifics of communication between a doctor and a patient and improving the effectiveness of interaction. Goal. The work is carried out in order to assess the group, and specifically professional, characteristics of the perception of individual lexical units, as well as the degree of dissociation of associations to the stimulus word. Materials and methods. Literary sources of Russian authors were studied, a survey was conducted among medical students and students of non-medical specialties. Based on the information received, the analysis of psycho-emotional differences in the perception of terms was performed. For this purpose, the methods of free associative experiment and semantic interpretation of elements of associative fields were used. Results. Associative fields and the psycholinguistic meaning of stimulus words were identified. By calculating the indices, an assessment was made of intra- and intergroup dissociation of the meanings of terms in the linguistic consciousness of students. Conclusions. Intra-group differences in the perception of individual tokens (PRESSURE, FETUS) are expressed to a small extent. Dissociation in groups is significantly higher, which allows us to conclude about the professional labeling of the presented tokens.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):644-649
pages 644-649 views

Medical specialties of the National Health Service of the United Kingdom: difficulties in names’ translation

Fedotova E.I., Derevenskikh D.V., Stebletsova A.O.

Abstract

Introduction. The words of medical terminology are a universal vocabulary, since they are found in any linguistic culture in which the healthcare system is represented. The names of medical specialties in the healthcare system of any society are an important part of the linguistic picture of its representatives and have a number of their own characteristics, which often lead to translation difficulties. One of the reasons for this problem is the lack of translation equivalents that would help facilitate the translation process into the native language. Objective. To identify the names of medical specialties of the National Health Service of Great Britain, the translation of which causes difficulties, and to propose possible translation equivalents. Materials and methods. The empirical corpus has been performed to create a translation glossary. The source of the corpus was the website https://www.healthcareers.nhs.uk /, from where 11 names of medical specialties were selected using a continuous sampling method. The selection of translation equivalents included the following stages: justification of the difficulty of translation, descriptive translation of the definition from the site or dictionary definition, translation equivalent. Results. Based on the definition analysis, the glossary was compiled and translation equivalents were offered.  The processed equivalents ca be used in medical translation courses at Russian medical universities. Conclusion. Thus, the research shows that translation of selected lexemes caused translation difficulties, since there is no exact analogue of these specialties in the Russian healthcare system. A further study is required to expand the glossary of translation equivalents for Russian learners and translators.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):649-653
pages 649-653 views

Фтизиатрия

Specific prevention of tuberculosis among the population. The role of the nurse in prevention

Bobrovskaya A. ., Dyatchina .G.

Abstract

Abstract.        

Introduction. The COVID-19 pandemic has severely undermined the progress made in the fight against tuberculosis globally, with mortality rates from the disease rising for the first time in more than a decade. According to the World Health Organization, 10.6 million people worldwide fell ill with tuberculosis in 2022. Target. To determine the level of knowledge of students about tuberculosis and its prevention. To increase the level of awareness of KSMU students about specific tuberculosis prevention. Materials and methods. A search and analysis of literary sources on this topic was carried out, and a survey was conducted among medical college students. Results. The level of knowledge about the specific prevention of tuberculosis among students was determined, which showed a high level of awareness, and a sanitary bulletin on this issue was developed. Conclusions. Further development of preventive activities in the fight against tuberculosis is required. The educational activities of the nurse are of great importance. In health bulletins, posters, and memos for the population, the nurse promotes a healthy lifestyle, disease prevention, rules for preparing for diagnostic and therapeutic measures, and much more.

Keywords: tuberculosis; Diaskintest; prevention; nurse; students

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):654-655
pages 654-655 views

Drug-resistant tuberculosis in the presence and absence of HIV infection

Brekhova A.S., Kaluzhenina A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Tuberculosis – a public health problem, one of the main deaths causes worldwide. The widespread of MDR-MBT strains leads to difficulties in treatment and to a high risk of a global tuberculosis epidemic. HIV – a serious risk factor for drug–resistant tuberculosis development. The goal of this study is to analyze statistical data on MDR-TB, TB/HIV- and TB/HIV+ cases in the period from 2018 to 2022. Materials and methods. There have been analyzed statistical data published by WHO, scientific papers, monographs and reports of national and foreign research institutes. Results. In 2022, 8.5% more MDR-TB cases were reported worldwide than in 2021. In the Russian Federation, there were registered 31 thousand MDR–TB cases and 14 thousand HIV-associated TB cases. Recently, there has been an increasing trend of MDR-TB among HIV+ people. Conclusions. In the Russian Federation, the problem of MDR-MTB strains spreading is extremely acute, due to the relatively high incidence of tuberculosis and to the increase of MDR-TB/HIV+ cases. Timely detection and productive treatment – the main measure against MDR–TB spreading among HIV+ and HIV- people.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):655-657
pages 655-657 views

Analysis of the detection and course of tuberculosis in persons living with HIV-infection in Voronezh city

Volkova S.A., Levchenko L.E., Martyshova O.S.

Abstract

Relevance. According to WHO findings, tuberculosis remains one of the main health problems, including HIV-associated tuberculosis. HIV infection is one of the factors in the increase in the incidence of tuberculosis, which is changing the epidemiology and clinic of "classic tuberculosis". People with HIV infection are at increased risk of developing tuberculosis and are more likely to develop tuberculosis. The purpose of the study. To analyze the features of the detection and course of tuberculosis in patients with HIV infection in the city of Voronezh. Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of the forms of №33 patients first identified with tuberculosis without HIV and HIV-positive patients for 2021-2022 in the city of Voronezh was carried out. Results of the study. A total of 241 cases of tuberculosis (166 men and 75 women) have been identified. All patients were divided into two groups. The main group consisted of patients with the first detected tuberculosis in combination with HIV infection living in the city of Voronezh - 44 patients (18.26%). The comparison group included 197 patients with tuberculosis without HIV infection for the first time (81.74%). Conclusion. The number of cases of newly detected tuberculosis among the adult population of Voronezh is increasing annually (from 95 people in 2021 to 146 in 2022). The same trend is observed among HIV-infected patients (16 cases in 2021 and 28 in 2022). At the same time, HIV in more than half of the cases was diagnosed earlier (56.82%), that is, it was also a risk factor.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):657-659
pages 657-659 views

Characteristics of tuberculosis infection epidemic nidi

Gushenia V., Buinevich I.

Abstract

Abstract. Introduction. The incidence of tuberculosis in children is considered an important prognostic epidemiological indicator, reflecting the general epidemic situation of tuberculosis in the region. This is due to the fact that tuberculosis in children most often occurs immediately after contact with a source of infection.

The goal of this study is to assess the epidemic danger of foci of tuberculosis infection in the development of tuberculosis in children.

Materials and methods. An analysis of the medical documentation of children registered in the IV group of dispensary observation due to contact with a tuberculosis patient in branch No. 1 of the Gomel Regional Tuberculosis Clinical Hospital during 2015-2023 was carried out.

Results. An assessment was made of the age and sex distribution of children in contact with patients with tuberculosis, an analysis of the characteristics of patients who form foci of tuberculosis infection, and the distribution of index patients into dispensary observation groups.

Conclusions. The likelihood of developing tuberculosis in children is more related to age than gender, unlike in adults. Children of school age (6-14 years) are most susceptible. Among the index patients, the majority are fathers, since men suffer from tuberculosis more often, but it should be remembered that contact with a sick mother is especially dangerous for children 0-5 years old. The results of the distribution of index patients into dispensary observation groups show that rifampicin-resistant tuberculosis is a global problem in the fight against tuberculosis.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):659-663
pages 659-663 views

Features of the tuberculosis clinic in elderly patients

Skrebkova N.A., Chelnokova O.G., Dmitrieva A.P.

Abstract

Introduction. The epidemiological situation of tuberculosis in the Russian Federation is improving, but at the same time there is an increase in the proportion of elderly tuberculosis patients.  Due to the anatomical and physiological characteristics of patients in old age and concomitant diseases, the tuberculosis clinic is atypical, which is an urgent problem for the timely diagnosis of tuberculosis.

The goal of this study is to study the features of the tuberculosis clinic of various forms and localizations in patients over 75 years of age with newly diagnosed tuberculosis in 2013-2023.

Materials and methods. We used the method of a continuous cohort study of newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients over 75 years of age in 2013-2023. Retrospective and prospective observation was carried out in 19 patients. Clinical data, X-ray archive and medical documentation have been studied. Statistical data processing was performed using Statistica 12.0.

Results. Between 2013 and 2023, there were 19 cases of tuberculosis in patients over the age of 75. The disseminated form (42.1%) and the infiltrative form (21.1%) were more common. The process was widespread in 73.7% of cases, bacterial excretion in 63.2% of cases. There were 3-4 concomitant diseases, clinically significant in 50% of patients.

Conclusions. Tuberculosis in people over 75 years of age occurs in the form of various forms of tuberculosis, with a predominance of disseminated. The process is common with bacterial excretion against the background of 3-4 diseases that "mask" tuberculosis.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):663-665
pages 663-665 views

Medicine without frontiers

Using the photodynamic effect in surgery

Zhdanov V.A., Andreev A.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Modern medical science is developing continuously. New treatment technologies are being developed every day. Some techniques are finding new applications in surgery. Recently, photodynamic therapy has begun to gain popularity. The effects it provides meet the requirements in some areas of surgery, with photodynamic therapy (PDT) showing effectiveness comparable to or even greater than some traditional methods.

The goal. Conducting an analysis of the use of photodynamic therapy technology in surgical practice.

Materials and methods. The materials for this study were the studies of specialists in various fields, including purulent, maxillofacial, and oncological surgery.

Results. As a result of the research, it was found that PDT is used in many surgical areas. The proven effectiveness of PDT in the destruction of cancer cells allows us to consider this method as the main one in the treatment of certain tumor processes. The antibacterial effect of singlet oxygen is used in the treatment of various abdominal abscesses. It is also used in the treatment of periodontal diseases.

Conclusions. The results of the study show a wide range of application of this method in surgical practice. The relatively low percentage of complications, as well as the small number of contraindications, allow us to consider this method as very promising and effective.

 

 

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):666-667
pages 666-667 views

Терапия

The impact of osteoarthritis on quality of life in asthma patients

Ivanchuk J.S., Budnevsky A.V., Chernik T.A.

Abstract

Introduction. Asthma and osteoarthritis (OA) are common pathologies that are often combined with obesity. Obesity can negatively affect the course of asthma and OA. However, there is little data on the impact of OA on quality of life (QoL) and the clinical course of asthma. Goal. To evaluate the impact of OA on quality of life and the characteristics of the asthma course in combination with obesity. Materials and methods. The sample consisted of 137 patients with moderate asthma. Two groups were formed: group 1 included patients with asthma without signs of OA; group 2 – patients with asthma and OA. Clinical assessment of diseases, determination of the Lequesne index, spirometry, assessment of quality of life and asthma control were carried out. Results. Patients with asthma and OA had higher inflammatory indices and body mass index (BMI), and QoL, spirometric indicators and the level of asthma control were significantly lower than in patients with asthma without OA. Conclusions. The results of the study indicate a negative impact of OA on the quality of life and the level of asthma control in obese patients.

Молодежный инновационный вестник. 2024;13(S1):668-668
pages 668-668 views

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