Молодежный инновационный вестник

2415-7805

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

9982

Conference Proceedings

Features of diagnostics of acute intestinal obstruction

Gutova

Natalya

gutova2016@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-5587-6351Pokrovsky

Evgeny Zhanovich

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Hospital Surgerypokrowski@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9068-2273

Ivanovo State Medical UniversityIvanovo Medical University

27122024

1322931

14042024

17062024

2024

Objective. To analyze the turnover of patients with acute intestinal obstruction in surgical departments of Ivanovo region from 2020 to 2022. Materials and methods. Theoretical and empirical methods: Study of literature and other sources of information. Collection of data on the study from all kinds of paper media and the Internet. Survey: in questionnaire format. Results. Etiology of acute intestinal obstruction, types and features were studied. A sociological survey of the population of Ivanovo city was conducted. The obtained statistical data for the periods from 2020 to 2022 of surgical departments of Ivanovo region hospitals were evaluated. Conclusions. Acute intestinal obstruction was and remains today one of the main diseases of emergency surgery (10 - 13% of cases.) To date, late application for surgical help of patients with acute intestinal obstruction is a serious problem in surgical treatment and prevention of complications in patients. (65 - 67% of cases). The availability of mass media and the Internet has a negative impact on the timely treatment of emergency surgical diseases. This disease remains little known among the population of Ivanovo, however, many of the respondents believe that inaction can lead to lethal outcome.

Introduction. The issues of timely treatment and diagnosis of acute obstruction of intestinal contents are most relevant for emergency surgery because of the tremendous increase in the number of patients and high postoperative lethality. The share of intestinal content passage disorders accounts for up to 10% of all abdominal cavity diseases. Timely surgical treatment based on accurate determination of the obstruction site can improve the patient's quality of life. The choice of primary management of acute bowel obstruction still leads to controversy among leading specialists. This dilemma is the main cause of uncertainty among surgeons about the criteria of choice of management of patients with acute bowel obstruction, there are no clear recommendations for surgical intervention, safe duration of conservative treatment and optimal timing of surgical treatment are not specified. The aim of the work is to analyze the turnover of patients with acute intestinal obstruction in surgical departments of Ivanovo region from 2020 to 2022. Materials and methods of research. Theoretical and empirical methods: Study of literature and other sources of information. Collection of research data from all kinds of paper media and internet. Survey: in questionnaire format. Findings of the study. Acute intestinal obstruction was and still is one of the main diseases of emergency surgery (10 - 13 % of cases.). To date, late seeking surgical care for patients with acute intestinal obstruction has become a serious problem in surgical treatment and prevention of complications in patients. (65 - 67% of cases.) The availability of mass media, Internet has a negative impact on the timely treatment of emergency surgical diseases. This disease remains little known among the population of Ivanovo city, however, many of the respondents believe that inaction can lead to lethal outcome. The majority of votes were also given for the reason of treatment, which can serve to identify the pathology - an attack of abdominal pain, bloating and constipation. 62,5 % among the respondents would like to know more about this disease, its treatment and early diagnosis, which may serve as a reason to reduce the dynamics of population's referral to surgical departments in emergency. Conclusion. Acute intestinal obstruction is one of the most dangerous and quite common diseases among the population.The urgency of the problem of diagnostics and treatment of ACI remains high due to the increasing frequency of stressful situations and the population's adherence to eating in fast food chains, obesity, sedentary lifestyle, taking various medications, alcohol abuse, as well as the presence of other somatic diseases.All these can lead to acute intestinal obstruction. In the course of the study, the classification of types and forms of impaired passage of intestinal contents was studied. Dynamic obstruction is subdivided into spastic and paralytic, where the leading mechanism is a violation of the motor function of the intestine. Mechanical obstruction by the mechanism of development is subdivided into 3 types: 1. strangulation; 2. obturation; 3. mixed - combining the two previous types of intestinal obstruction, most often observed in childhood. Factors predisposing to the development of this disease: mobility of the cecum; adhesions in the abdominal cavity; dolichosigma in old age; hernia of the anterior abdominal wall; benign and malignant neoplasms of the abdominal cavity organs, which can lead to intestinal obstruction. According to the level of obstruction, there are high (small intestinal) and low (large intestinal).Acute intestinal obstruction causes pronounced disorders in the body: changes in the water-electronic balance, acid-base state; the appearance of the strongest pain syndrome. The study revealed methods of treatment and prevention of acute intestinal obstruction. Non-specific measures of prevention are: - Observance of a proper diet. Limitation of meat and fatty foods; - mandatory consumption of raw vegetables and fruits rich in fiber, which improves intestinal peristalsis; - increased physical activity; - timely treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract; - avoidance of bad habits and abuse of medicines.

Савельев В.С «Руководство по неотложной хирургии органов брюшной полости»,1986.

Руководство по неотложной хирургии органов брюшной полости - Савельев В.С._2004

https://elib.usma.ru/bitstream/usma/1571/1/UMK_2019_011.pdf

https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/posleoperatsionnye-vnutribryushnye-oslozhneniya-v-hirurgii-raka-obodochnoy-kishki-oslozhnennogo-kishechnoy-neprohodimostyu-i