Молодежный инновационный вестник

2415-7805

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

8652

Conference Proceedings

Military Doctor and Great Scientist Alexander Vasilyevich Vishnevsky

Popova

Ksenia Sergeevna

student of the 1th year of the Faculty of General Medicinepopovakseniy04@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-5987Makhinova

Olga Vasilevna

senior Lecturer, Department of Foreign Languagesmahinovaolga@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1799-6361Povalyukhina

Diana Anatolievna

senior Lecturer, Department of Foreign Languagespov-diana@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7308-1396

Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. BurdenkoVoronezh State Medical University named after N.N.Burdenko

26052023

12S1155158

05042023

17062023

2023

Relevance Alexander Vasilyevich Vishnevsky made a great contribution to the development of domestic medicine. He is the creator of the monograph "Local anesthesia by the method of creeping infiltrate". The method of local anesthesia "according to Vishnevsky" did not have side effects and could be used in any conditions, which played an important role during the Second World War. A.V. Vishnevsky was the first to use anti-inflammatory and analgesic novocaine blockades and disinfecting oil-balsamic dressings, called the Vishnevsky Triad, and is also the creator of the popularly known Vishnevsky ointment. During his long medical practice, Alexander Vasilievich published more than 100 scientific papers. Target. Using the materials of the library fund, get acquainted with the history of the life and work of the famous doctor, prominent scientist A.V. Vishnevsky Methods. The general scientific method of research was used in the work. Results. The name of Alexander Vasilyevich Vishnevsky deservedly ranks among the great scientists who made a huge contribution to the development of domestic surgery. He entered the history of Russian medicine as a clinician, an outstanding surgeon and the founder of an innovative scientific school. The completely new methods of pain relief and treatment of wounds that Vishnevsky proposed played a huge role during the Great Patriotic War and saved thousands of Soviet soldiers. The method of anesthesia according to Vishnevsky became one of the leading Soviet surgeons in the operating activities. Available to ordinary surgeons, the method contributed to the penetration of surgery into ordinary medical institutions up to and including the rural district hospital. Conclusion. A.V. Vishnevsky was a scientist, doctor, patriot of his country and profession. He dealt with important issues of medicine and health care, researched and introduced new methods for diagnosing and treating patients. The method of local anesthesia proposed by Vishnevsky dramatically expanded the range of possible patients. This circle now included the elderly, as well as those who suffered from diseases that were completely incompatible with the anesthesia used before.

medicinedoctorthe sciencestudyhealth carehealthcareanesthesia methodsanesthesia

медицинаврачнаукаисследованиемедицинская помощьздравоохранениеметоды обезболиванияанестезия

A.V. Vishnevsky (1874-1948) - a great Russian scientist and a wonderful surgeon. After graduating from the gymnasium in Astrakhan, he entered the medical faculty of Kazan University, from which he graduated with honors. After that, he received the degree of Doctor of Medicine and remained a dissector at the Department of Surgery. In addition, he worked at the Kazan Hospital, defended his dissertation and was admitted to the medical faculty as a Privatdozent. The scientist taught surgery at the university for 30 years, was engaged in scientific activities and had extensive practice. After his death, the institute was headed by his son - Alexander Alexandrovich Vishnevsky, the chief surgeon of several fronts of the Great Patriotic War, later - the chief surgeon of the Soviet army. In 1905 A.V. Vishnevsky went abroad to master the methods of urological research. Three years later, his second business trip took place, but with the aim of studying the genitourinary system and brain surgery. He visited the clinics of famous surgeons, as well as the laboratory of I.I. Mechnikov. During the First World War, A.V. Vishnevsky was a teacher of courses in surgical pathology and a hospital clinic, and in addition he was a senior doctor at a hospital in Kazan. Some 13 years later, after graduating from med. faculty, Alexander Vasilyevich was the head of the department at one of the best universities in Russia. He went to this difficult path of knowledge with great perseverance and diligence. His ongoing scientific, pedagogical and social activities put him among the leading scientists of the university. During his long practice, Alexander Vasilievich published more than a hundred scientific papers, and also created new methods for the treatment of inflammatory processes, purulent wounds and traumatic shock. All of his methods were widely used by Soviet surgeons and saved hundreds of lives. Vishnevsky, like most medical practitioners, used novocaine. But he noticed that the substance works not only as an anesthetic, but also as a healing agent. He realized that inflammation subsides due to the positive influence of the nervous system. One of the main achievements of a physician in the field of science is considered to be the "creeping infiltration method". This discovery played a big role, especially in Soviet medicine. The method of anesthesia "according to Vishnevsky" did not have side effects, in contrast to the usual anesthesia. Such an anesthetic could be made in almost any conditions. The monograph "Local Anesthesia by Creeping Infiltration" was published in 1932, and by the beginning of the war enough time had passed for its final verification. It was during that period that its benefits were manifested with might and main. The military doctors had something to compare with, since the civil war had just ended, that is, if twenty years ago they died from a wound, now it was being cured before our eyes. Prior to Vishnevsky's work, it was believed that a surgical knife and pain were inseparable from each other. His method of local anesthesia dramatically expanded the range of possible patients, now it included the elderly, as well as those who suffered from diseases that were completely incompatible with anesthesia. Also, Alexander Vasilyevich was the first who began to use anti-inflammatory and analgesic novocaine blockades and disinfecting oil-balsamic dressings ("Vishnevsky's Triad"). Thanks to this, most operations at the front took place under local anesthesia, which saved the lives of hundreds of thousands of wounded. Blockades were used to treat shock, surgical sepsis, inflammation, and muscle tone disorders. Another doctor created the world-famous healing "Vishnevsky ointment". "Even the smell of this ointment kills any infection!" - doctors and patients joked. Vishnevsky found a milder form of influence on the nervous system by applying a special ointment-emulsion. This ointment was used for the treatment of wounds, and for the treatment of purulent cavities, and for the treatment of a number of inflammatory processes. She, without exaggeration, saved the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. The ointment has been treated and continues to be treated so far for skin diseases, burns, frostbite, wounds, ulcers, bedsores, wet calluses, boils, inflammation of the lymph nodes and blood vessels, and cuts.

Шевченко, И. С. Русский военный хирург Александр Васильевич Вишневский / И. С. Шевченко, А. А. Тихойванова, Н. В. Анненков. — Текст : непосредственный // Молодой ученый. — 2022. — № 44 (439). — С. 61-64. — URL: https://moluch.ru/archive/439/95952/

Династия хирургов Вишневских в развитии отечественной медицины и хирургии. [Электронный ресурс] https://revolution.allbest.ru/medicine/00782041_0.html

Глянцев С.П., Кубышкин В.А. Акад. АМН СССР А.В. Вишневский (1874-1948) и его вклад в российскую хирургию (к 140-летию со дня рождения). Хирургия. Журнал им. Н.И. Пирогова. 2014;(12):98 101.