Молодежный инновационный вестник

2415-7805

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

8622

Unclassified

STUDY OF WOMEN'S AWARENESS OF PRE-GRAVIDAR TRAINING

Kalinina

Karina Eduardovna

karina.kalinina.01@icloud.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5323-7253Markin

Dmitry Andreevich

9amda132@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0232-1409

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

20042023

12S22527

22032023

15042023

2023

Relevance: In an unfavorable demographic situation, the birth of a healthy child becomes one of the urgent problems. Currently, women with a high level of responsibility for the health of the unborn child, who are practically healthy and do not require medical interventions, apply for pre-pregnancy training [3]. Objective: to analyze the importance of pre-gravidar training of women reproductive age. Materials and methods: analytical and statistical methods. Results: As part of the research, 82 women of reproductive age were interviewed: 90.2% aged 18-35 years, 6.1% aged 36 to 45, and 3.7% were girls under 18 years old. The overwhelming majority of 73.2% of women are in a relationship, of which 32.2% are in a civil marriage. The majority of respondents 74.4% are sexually active and prefer the following methods of contraception: barrier (condom) used by 42 women (51.2%) out of 82 respondents; natural (interrupted sexual intercourse, calendar

Pre-gravidar preparationfolateschronic extragenital diseases

Прегравидарная подготовкафолатыхронические экстрагенитальные заболевания

Relevance The main idea of pregravidar training is: healthy parents are healthy children, which is why it contains all the necessary set of therapeutic, diagnostic, preventive measures, which prevents or reduces the risks, both for the woman herself during pregnancy and childbirth, and also reduces the risks of having a child with the most common VPR a violation of the closure of the neural tube in the period of embryonic development, defects of the cardiovascular system, defects of the maxillofacial apparatus and chromosomal abnormalities. Every practicing obstetrician-gynecologist and undoubtedly doctors of other specialties are obliged to promote pregnancy planning and timely preparation for it. Due to the current ecology and the rhythm of life in which we live, bearing a healthy child becomes one of the important problems. At the moment, women who are actually healthy and do not require medical interventions with a high level of responsibility for the health of themselves and the unborn child are applying for pre-pregnancy training. The aim is to analyze the importance of pre-pregnancy training of women of reproductive age. MATERIALS AND METHODOLOGY 82 women of reproductive age participated in the study and were interviewed. At the end of this study, the results were summed up using analytical and statistical methods. As part of the research, 82 women of reproductive age were interviewed: 90.2% aged 18-35, 6.1% aged 36 to 45, and 3.7% were girls under 18. According to the body mass index, it was revealed that 57.3% of women have an indicator within the normal range (18.5-24.9), 14.6% have a body weight deficit, 2.4% have a pronounced body weight deficit, 8.6% have pre-obesity, 11.0% are obese of the first degree, 6.1% are obese of the second degree. The overwhelming majority of 73.2% of women are in a relationship, of which 32.2% are in a civil marriage. The majority of respondents 74.4% are sexually active and prefer the following methods of contraception: barrier (condom) used by 42 women (51.2%) out of 82 respondents; natural (interrupted sexual intercourse, calendar method of contraception) is preferred by 27 women (32.9%) out of 82 respondents; hormonal (COCs, hormonal patch, emergency postcoital contraception) by 13 women (15.8%). Almost one in ten are not protected. 14.6% of the women surveyed had a history of pregnancy, which proceeded: 33.3% without pathologies; 33.3% had an artificial abortion; 25.0% had early gestosis; 8.4% had spontaneous miscarriage. Pregnancy of 58.4% of women ended in childbirth: 71.4% in term (from 36 to 41 weeks); 14.3% had premature birth; 14.3% had a postponed pregnancy. The child born in the delivery room was assessed on the Apgar scale: 71.4% of them received 7-10 points; 14.3% received 4-6 points; 14.3% had less than 4 points. More than 50% are familiar with the concept of "pregravidar preparation". This is important for a favorable course of pregnancy and reproductive outcome. To the question "how long is it necessary to start preparing for pregnancy, the most popular answers were: for 1 year; for 6 months. Most of the women interviewed were right, the optimal time for the start of prepregnancy preparation is 7-10 months before the planned pregnancy. What is the preparation for pregnancy, according to women: a healthy lifestyle; taking multivitamins; consultation with a doctor; a full examination of partners; treatment of acute and chronic diseases; medical and genetic counseling. Of the 14.6% of women with a history of pregnancy, only 50.0% carried out pre-gravidar preparation. 72.0% of the women surveyed do not have chronic extragenital diseases, 14.6% have these diseases, 13.4% are not sure of their absence. According to the state of reproductive age: 55.9% have full health; 22.4% have menstrual dysfunction; 14.6% have a history of inflammatory diseases of the uterus and appendages; 5.9% have spontaneous or artificial abortions before the first birth; 1.2% have an anomaly of uterine development; 1.2% have operations on pelvic organs. 29 women have no social risk factors, 32 women report negative emotional stress, 12 women have bad habits (smoking, alcohol consumption), 5 women have harmful factors of production, 4 women have toxic, radiation influence of the environment. 52.4% have an unbalanced diet. The overwhelming majority of women surveyed know that they need to take folic acid. Among women with a history of pregnancy, only 66.7% took folic acid before and during pregnancy. Almost all respondents were interested in the topic of the importance of pre-gravidar training. Discussing Pregnancy is a serious and responsible step in every woman's life. Many women think that pregnancy will proceed normally, childbirth will take place without complications, and the baby will be born healthy. Based on this, not everyone knows that it is necessary to prepare for pregnancy. 1) Consult a doctor within a year before conception. 2) It is necessary to eliminate all bad habits, balance your diet, actively engage in sports, not get carried away with medicines. 3) It is necessary to treat chronic diseases and choose a reliable method of contraception. 4) Together with the doctor to select minerals and vitamins. Conclusion Taking into account the unfavorable conditions of the demographic situation, rational approaches to pre-pregnancy preparation significantly reduce the risks for the woman herself during pregnancy and childbirth, as well as reduce the risks of having children with congenital malformations. The data on the women we interviewed indicate that the majority are aware of how long it is worth preparing for the desired pregnancy, as well as what protective regime and examinations are necessary for the favorable onset of pregnancy and bearing healthy children, but despite this, out of 14.6% of women with a history of pregnancy, only 50.0% carried out pre-pregnancy preparation, which it makes us think about the lack of enlightenment in this matter, despite the overwhelming majority of answers in favor of knowledge about "preparation for pregnancy". Thus, practicing obstetricians and gynecologists should try to fully talk about the importance and significance of this issue to all patients of reproductive age who apply to women's consultations in a planned and unplanned manner.

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