Молодежный инновационный вестникМолодежный инновационный вестник2415-7805Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации7951UnclassifiedCOMPARATIVE EVALUATION OF MODERN FINISHING AND POLISHING PROTOCOLS FOR FILLINGSYericyanOsanna Armenovna<p>Student</p>osanna.yericyan.01@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-6020Voronezh State Medical University named after N. N. Burdenko2004202312S24554581401202321032023Copyright © 2023, Yericyan O.A.2023<p>Relevance. Finishing treatment during dental restoration is one of the important stages in achieving an aesthetic and functional result that satisfies both the doctor and the patient. The aim of the work is to find the most optimal protocol for finishing the restoration, which will meet the highly aesthetic requirements. Material and methods. Modeling of restorations with composite material was carried out on the phantoms, five finishing protocols were carried out on the restorations. A photoprotocol of works was carried out at each stage for the purpose of further evaluation. The results of the study. Each protocol is evaluated in points, according to the results of the score evaluation, a protocol was identified that meets all the requirements of modern finishing: it gave an ideal dry shine, smoothness of the surface and color stability in the optimal time spent. Conclusion. The article is devoted to a close analysis of modern protocols for finishing and polishing seals. According to the results of the score assessment, the optimal protocol for finishing and polishing seals was identified.</p>finishingpolishingsmoothnessфинишная обработкаполировкагладкость<p>Finishing consists in giving the filling a shape and surface quality as close as possible to the anatomy, physiology and aesthetics of the tooth's own tissues. The main objectives to be achieved in finishing are: Removal of oxygen-inhibited layer from the surface of the restoration, to prevent staining of the restorationRemoval of roughness, which prevents the retention of plaque on the surface of the restorationProvision of a highly aesthetic marginal fit.Polishing-a stage of achieving a smooth surface of the restoration and simulating the luster of the natural tooth tissue, smoothing the transition between the restoration and the tooth.Classification of tools for finishing and polishing the surface of restorationsTools can be divided by Unlike carbide drills, the principle of grinding with diamond rotary drills is based on their abrasiveness and not their cutting action.Cutting tools (carbide drills) J.H. Koch (2010) recommends using only carbide drills for the contouring and finishing phases. After processing with 30 m diamond burrs, 12-sided tungsten carbide burrs should be used.Micro-sized diamond finishing burs and other bonded or rubberized abrasives (rubber cups) Rubber polishing tools are used for finishing and polishing restorations. The tools are based on fine to very fine, hard abrasive particles distributed and fixed in a softer and more resilient matrixFree abrasive particles (polishing pastes or powders). The pastes are predominantly based on either dispersed and suspended ultrafine aluminum oxide or diamond particles.</p> <p>Materials and Methods:Based on clinical data, the effect of polishing systems to create a dry luster of the restoration was evaluated. Quality control was assessed visually based on digital image analysis. Five protocols for finishing and polishing fillings were developed. For clarity, the following criteria were used to assess the quality of the finish: 1. dry gloss; 2. Surface smoothness; and 3. Color stability of the restoration after polishing. Each criterion was scored from 1 to 3, where 1 is low, 2 is medium, and 3 is high. In addition, since the protocols contain a different number of polishing steps, the criterion considered was the amount of time spent.During the study, all models underwent adhesive preparation for the restoration, followed by tooth modeling, using the modern nanocomposite material from Dentsply Syrona "ceram.x SphereTEC", and final finishing.First the Swiss polishing system "SwissFlex" was considered. These are plastic polishing discs of different diameters that have 4 colors to code the abrasiveness of the tool. For the rough polishing black discs with silicon carbide were used and the other polishers with aluminum oxide sputtering. The polishing results were not positive because the surface did not meet all the requirements of the finish. The surface of the restoration was smooth, but did not have a dry luster. The final score was 5 out of a possible 12 points. Based on this, this system cannot meet the high aesthetic requirements of restorations, especially in the anterior tooth group. It should be noted that this polishing system will meet all finishing requirements when used in combination with other polishers. However, such a polishing protocol will not be in demand as it would take a long time in the restoration.</p> <p>Next, a 5-step polishing protocol (Protocol 2) was performed consisting of the following steps:Enhance - along the border of the restoration. Finishers fixed on a holder impregnated with aluminum oxide, polymerized urethandymethacrylate resin finishers designed to prepare the surface of the composite restoration for final polishing. If used properly, after application of this system, the surface of composites and compomers will be smooth, with a pre-polished sheen. The special thing about this polisher is its versatility. The CGI polishing system includes special polishers in 3 different grit sizes for material removal, finishing and polishing.Kenda Green - over the whole surface of the restorationKenda Pink - over the whole surface of the restoration for a dry gloss.The CGI polishing system includes special polishers in 3 different grit sizes for material removal, finishing and polishing. For processing and pre-polishing (white), for smoothing and buffing (green) and for creating a gloss (pink)Occlubrash are brushes used to quickly polish to a mirror-like shine. The abrasive silicon carbide particles are integrated into each bristle brush, so no polishing paste is required.Felt Brush - gives the restoration a dry shine.The polishing protocol met all requirements, the restoration had a smooth surface with a mirror-like shine, the final score of 12 (maximum score). The use of the instruments in this sequence produced a perfect result during the study. Presumably, restorations with this finish will retain their original appearance aesthetically and functionally for a long time.Protocol 3 consists of 3 steps and includes:Polishing disc - Discs are used to remove excess material and pre-polishDiscs of Sof-Lex Spiral polishing - Sof-Lex Spiral discs are a 2-step disposable system and are made of elastomer coated with aluminum oxide particles. The flexible spiral shape of the discs allows working in all directions. During the grinding stage, the sof-lex Spiral (beige) disc removes and smoothes out scratches from the roughing stage and prepares the surface of the restoration for the further polishing stage. This protocol produces a mat structure and total lack of luster. Therefore, the use of this protocol is not practical because it does not meet the aesthetic requirements and the above mentioned results were evaluated with a 6 out of 12 points. In addition, restorations with this finish will lose their original appearance very quickly because the lack of gloss promotes plaque retention, which can cause the development of secondary caries</p> <p>The 4 OptiDisc protocol is an effective disc system for finishing and polishing to give restorations a mirror-like shine that resembles that of natural tooth tissue. The special feature of this polishing system is that the holder does not protrude over the surface of the disc: with OptiDisc there is no risk of scratching the restoration or damaging the soft tissue, also the transparency of the disc provides a good overview of the working fieldEnhanceOnce the Sof-Lex Spiral polishing discsThis protocol has produced positive results, but the dry sheen does not fully match the natural tooth luster, which implies that when restoring the anterior teeth the restoration will differ from the patients own teeth. We gave this protocol a score of 7. This protocol is appropriate for use in restorations of the masseter group.The final Protocol 5 consisted of 5 polishing steps and included:Brush with Detartrine Z SeptodontEnhancePoGo are disposable instruments of polymerized urethandimethacrylate resin impregnated with diamond chips, fixed on a holder. Due to their construction, polishing can be done without water.Sof-Lex Spiral Bristle Brush with goat bristlesPoGo polishing discs meet all polishing requirements and give a highly aesthetic appearance to the restoration. Received a maximum score of 12.Results: The aesthetic luster of the restoration was evaluated. Conclusions were drawn based on the data obtained through examination of the photographs. All of the objectives of this paper were met and conclusions were drawn.Discussion: A comparative characterization of modern finishing and polishing protocols for fillings was conducted during the study. Three criteria were used to evaluate the protocols. We found the most optimal protocols, which correspond to all indicators.Conclusion: To summarize the work done, protocol number 2 and number 5 were evaluated by us with the maximum number of points (12), these protocols are the most versatile and fastest for polishing and finishing fillings in both the masticatory and anterior dentition. These protocols gave a perfect dry shine, surface smoothness and color stability in optimal time.</p>1.Малышева Д.Д.,Воробьева Ю.Б.,Ковалевский А.М.Финишная обработка композиционных реставраций зубов-сравнительная характеристика полировочных систем//Медико-фармацевтический журнал "Пульс".- 2022. - Т.24. №4. - С.28-32. Doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.26787/nydha-2686-6838-2022-24-4-28-32.2.Koch, J.H. Создание блеска поверхности композитных реставраций кратчайшим путем / Koch, J.H. // Институт стоматологии. —2010. — № 4 — С. 88—89.3.Финишная обработка реставраций: учеб.-метод. пособие / С. Н. Храмченко, Л. А. Казеко. – Минск: БГМУ, 2010. – 28 с. ISBN 978–985–528–233–5.