Молодежный инновационный вестникМолодежный инновационный вестник2415-7805Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации7254Conference ProceedingsSOME ASPECTS OF THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS IN THE VORONEZH REGIONNaidenkoAnastasia<p>Student</p>ledianastasianaidenko@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6818-6532Voronezh State Medical University30062022113003021402202205032022Copyright © 2022, Naidenko A.2022<p>Relevance. Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the myelin sheath of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord. [one]. Often the disease affects young people who are actively engaged in labor and social activities, leading to disability or a deterioration in the quality of life. In addition, the number of people suffering from this disease is steadily growing [3,4,5]. As early as 1868, Jean-Martin Charcot noticed that the incidence of MS has an uneven geographical distribution (more common in areas with a cold and humid climate). Previously, there were no works describing the epidemiological situation with MS in the districts of the Voronezh region. The study of patterns in the epidemiology of this disease can play an important role in understanding various aspects of MS.</p>
<p>Target. To assess the dynamics and main trends in the epidemiology of MS in the Voronezh region over a five-year period.</p>
<p>Materials and methods. A retrospective analysis of epidemiological data on the incidence of MS in the Voronezh region for 2015-2019 was carried out. The study plan included a sample of patients with newly established verified diagnosis of MS. The obtained data were statistically processed. Based on the results of the analysis, a conclusion is formulated.</p>
<p>The objects of the study were patients living in the Voronezh region, with a first-time diagnosis of multiple sclerosis. The information was obtained by analyzing the reports submitted to the epidemiological service of the Voronezh region.</p>
<p>Main results of the study</p>
<p>The indicator of the share of MS in the structure of demyelinating diseases (DZ) in the Voronezh region from 2015 to 2019 increased by 7.8%, and the incidence rate decreased by 0.9 per 100 thousand population. According to the results of the study, it turned out that the districts of the Voronezh region with the highest rates of occurrence of DZ are Pavlovsky and Olkhovatsky, where this figure was 1.2 per 100 thousand of the population. In addition, the Olkhovatsky district has the highest intensity indicator in RS (8.9 per 100,000 population). The area with the lowest detectability of MS is Borisoglebsky. It is also worth noting that in many districts, 100% of the detected DZs are MS. These include: Buturlinovsky, Verkhnemamonsky, Gribanovsky, Kalacheevsky, Novousmansky, Olkhovatsky, Pavlovsky, Rossoshansky, Semiluksky. In the city of Voronezh, the frequency of detection of DZ over the studied 5 years increased by 0.08%, and the proportion of MS among these diseases decreased by 2.9%.</p>
<p>Conclusion. According to the results of the analysis of the epidemiology of MS in the Voronezh region, geographical heterogeneity and an increase in the proportion of DZ were noted.</p>
<p>The analysis was carried out for 5 years preceding the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (2020-2021).</p>Epidemiologymultiple sclerosisdemyelinating diseasesЭпидемиологиярассеянный склероздемиелинизирующие заболевания<p><strong> REIEVANCE</strong></p>
<p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the myelin sheath of nerve fibers in the brain and spinal cord [1]. Often the disease affects young people who are actively engaged in labor and social activities, leading to disability or a deterioration in the quality of life. In addition, the number of people suffering from this disease is steadily growing [3,4,5]. As early as 1868, Jean-Martin Charcot noticed that the incidence of MS had an uneven geographical distribution. MS is thought to be more common in areas with cold and humid climates. Previously, there were no works describing the dynamics and distribution of RS in the districts of the Voronezh region. The study of patterns of epidemiology can play an important role in understanding various aspects of MS.</p>
<p><strong>PURPOSE</strong></p>
<p>To assess the dynamics and main epidemiological trends of MS in the Voronezh region over a five-year period.</p>
<p><strong>MATERIALS AND METHODS</strong></p>
<p>Study plan</p>
<p>A retrospective analysis of epidemiological data on the incidence of MS in the Voronezh region for 2015-2019 was carried out. The study plan included a sample of patients with newly established verified diagnosis of MS. The obtained data were statistically processed. Based on the results of the analysis, a conclusion is formulated.</p>
<p>Eligibility Criteria</p>
<p>The criterion for inclusion in the study was the presence of a newly established, MRI-verified diagnosis of "multiple sclerosis" among residents of the Voronezh region.</p>
<p>Terms and Conditions</p>
<p>The study was conducted on the basis of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education VSMU. N. N. Burdenko of the Ministry of Health of Russia</p>
<p>Study duration</p>
<p>The follow-up period was 5 years (from 2015 to 2019)</p>
<p>Main outcome of the study</p>
<p>The distribution and dynamics of the incidence of MS in the Voronezh region was assessed.</p>
<p>Additional study outcomes</p>
<p>Not marked.</p>
<p>Subgroup Analysis</p>
<p>The contingent was not divided into subgroups.</p>
<p>Outcome Registration Methods</p>
<p>Statistical analysis (using the standard Microsoft Excel package).</p>
<p><strong> RESULTS</strong></p>
<p>The objects (participants) of the study were patients living in the Voronezh region with newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis.</p>
<p>Main results of the study</p>
<p>The indicator of the share of MS in the structure of demyelinating diseases (DZ) in the Voronezh region from 2015 to 2019 increased by 7.8%, and the incidence rate decreased by 0.9 per 100 thousand population. According to the results of the study, it turned out that the districts of the Voronezh region with the highest rates of occurrence of DZ are Pavlovsky and Olkhovatsky, where this figure was 1.2 new cases per 100 thousand people. In addition, the Olkhovatsky district has the highest intensity indicator in RS (8.9 per 100,000 population). The area with the lowest detectability of MS is Borisoglebsky. It is also worth noting that in many districts, 100% of the detected DZs are MS. These include: Buturlinovsky, Verkhnemamonsky, Gribanovsky, Kalacheevsky, Novousmansky, Olkhovatsky, Pavlovsky, Rossoshansky, Semiluksky. In the city of Voronezh, the incidence of DZ in the structure of diseases of the nervous system increased by 0.08% over the 5 <strong>years under study, and the proportion of MS among these diseases decreased by 2.9%.</strong></p>
<p><strong> DISCUSSION</strong></p>
<p>The analysis in the study areas was carried out for 5 years preceding the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection (2020-2021). It was noted that the Olkhovatsky district of the Voronezh region, where the incidence rates of MS are the highest, is located in the southwest of the region. And the Borisoglebsky district, where the indicators turned out to be the lowest, is located in its northeastern part (it is advisable to further study the influence of the geoclimatic factor on the RS in more detail). According to the results of the study, an increase in demyelinating pathology is seen in the structure of diseases of the nervous system in the Voronezh region.</p>
<p><strong> Conclusion</strong></p>
<p>According to the results of the analysis of epidemiological indicators in the Voronezh region, there was a geographical heterogeneity in the prevalence of MS and an increase in the proportion of DZ.</p>[Шмидт Т. Е. Рассеянный склероз: руководство для врачей/Т. Е.Шмидт, Н. Н. Яхно. — 5-е изд. -М.: МЕДпресс-информ, 2016.][Население Воронежа: численность, состав, информация (rosinfostat.ru)][Шмидт Т. Е. Рассеянный склероз: эпидемиология, факторы риска, патогенез, клиника и прогрессирование (по материалам 29-го конгресса ECTRIMS)][Пажигова З. Б., Карпов С. М., Шевченко П. П., Бурнусус Н. И. Распространенность рассеянного склероза в мире (обзорная статья). /Международный журнал экспериментального образования. – 2014. – № 1 (часть 2) – С. 78-82][Протасов И. С. Городской кабинет рассеянного склероза в Воронеже: работа в 2008—2015 гг. Журнал неврологии и психиатрии им. С.С. Корсакова. Спецвыпуски. 2015;115(8-2):75-75.]