Молодежный инновационный вестникМолодежный инновационный вестник2415-7805Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации6374UnclassifiedTHE COMMITMENT OF THE POPULATION TO OBSERVE THE MASK REGIME IN THE CONTEXT OF THE NEW CORONAVIRUS PANDEMICGurovaDarya Igorevnadarya_gurova98@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2645-2235DjumackRuslana Evgenievnaj.ruslana@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6705-7023TimashovaAnna Andreevnatimashovaanya@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4604-79341405202110S146491202202113032021Copyright © 2021, Молодежный инновационный вестник2021<p>The outbreak of the new coronavirus infection COVID-19, which was first recorded in December 2019 in China, has already acquired the scale of a pandemic in 2 months. The number of coronavirus victims continues to rise around the world. In such circumstances, it is extremely important to prevent the spread of infection, is the fact that the population observes anti-epidemic measures, in particular, the wearing of protective masks in places of mass congestion and the observance of social distance. The purpose of this work is to assess the compliance of residents of the city of Voronezh with the mask regime in public places. The assessment of compliance with the anti-epidemic regime for the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was carried out by monitoring. Surveillance of citizens was carried out in places of retail trade, as well as public transport in the period from 15.10.2020 to 28.10.2020.. It was evaluated not only the fact of the presence of the mask, but also the correctness of its wearing in public areas, the short assumed that the mask is close to the face, the lower edge of the mask covers the chin, the upper-the tip of the nose and nostrils. The study involved 2103 people, all residents of the city of Voronezh. The analysis of the study showed that Voronezh residents were reluctant to comply with the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor. In public transport and small-scale retail stores, the structure of compliance with the mask regime was identical, with no significant differences. The structure of the mask regime in large shopping centers significantly differed from the structure in small-scale trade enterprises and in public transport, the differences can be explained by the lack of strict control by public transport workers and small-scale trade enterprises over passengers, visitors and customers.</p>COVID-19, защитные маски, ношение масок в магазинах, ношение масок в общественном транспорте, торговые центры, правильное ношение защитных масок, граждане города Воронежа.<p>Relevance. Coronaviruses are the causative agents of about a fifth of human respiratory infections, which until recently rarely caused serious diseases. Veterinarians paid more attention to this family of viruses, noting the most diverse clinical manifestations of coronavirus infections in a large number of animal species [1]. The XXI century has already been marked by 3 serious epidemiological situations associated with increased virulence of coronavirus strains that cause diseases in humans. The scale of the spread of the new coronavirus infection has covered almost all countries of the world.<br />In 2020, the world's first COVID-19 vaccines were registered in Russia, and since the beginning of 2021, a large-scale voluntary vaccination of the population has started in our country. However, in addition to the unresolved legal aspects related to immunoprophylaxis against a new infection [2], the results of sample studies indicate that residents of the Voronezh Region have a low level of awareness about immunoprophylaxis and commitment to vaccinating themselves and their relatives [3].<br />In the current epidemic situation, it is important for the population to observe basic non-specific safety measures: wearing protective masks in public places, hand hygiene and disinfection measures, and social distance [4,5]. As before, at the beginning of 2021, the situation in Voronezh is extremely tense. The conducted studies have shown a low commitment of residents of the city of Voronezh to meet the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor on wearing protective masks in retail outlets [6].<br />The purpose of the work: to assess the compliance of citizens of the city of Voronezh with the mask regime in places of mass congestion of people in places of retail trade and public transport.<br />Materials and methods: The research material was 2103 residents of the city of Voronezh. The assessment of compliance with the anti-epidemic regime in the city for the new coronavirus infection COVID-19 was carried out using the method of monitoring the population in retail outlets and public transport for the period from 15.10.2020 to 28.10.2020. The fact of the presence and correctness of wearing masks for respiratory protection in public areas (shopping and entertainment centers, small-scale stores with food and non-food products, public transport) was evaluated. The correct wearing of the mask assumed that it fits snugly to the face, the lower edge of the mask covers the chin, the upper-the tip of the nose and nostrils. Processing and analysis of the obtained material was carried out by the mathematical and statistical method using standard software packages Microsoft Excel 2019. The significance of the differences was determined using the 2 method, the confidence level was considered to be p0.05.<br />Results<br />In October, there was an increase in the incidence of a new coronavirus infection in the Russian Federation, including in the Voronezh Region. The study showed that in public places of the city of Voronezh, the majority of residents complied with the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor and had protective masks 63.81%. However, the correct wearing of a mask with the chin and nose covered was observed in less than half in 41.08% of cases. The assessment of the availability and correctness of wearing masks in shopping and entertainment centers( SEC), small retail stores (MMT), and public transport was carried out. The correct wearing of protective masks was significantly more frequent in large shopping and entertainment centers - 53.46% versus 36.08% in small-scale retail areas and 34.24% in public transport (p0.0001). Incorrect wearing of a mask was noted in 22.73% of residents, while in the shopping center their number was 27.41%, in the MMT-20.52%, in public transport-20.65%, significantly more often in large centers compared to small-scale stores (p=0.00097) and transport (p=0.0037). The absence of protective masks was observed in a third of Voronezh residents (36.19%): - in 19.13% of shopping center visitors, 43.41% of MMT visitors and 45.11% of public transport passengers. Significantly more often did not wear masks in small-scale stores and in transport compared to large shopping centers (p0.0001). When monitoring the observance of the mask regime by residents of the city, it could not but attract attention to the presence of separately allocated personnel of enterprises only in large shopping centers that controlled the observance of the anti-epidemic regime: social distance, the presence of a mask. In small-scale retail stores and in public transport, control duties are assigned to the sellers and drivers themselves, who are more interested in selling their services, rather than in meeting the requirements of epidemiological safety.<br />Discussion<br />There is an unprecedented situation in the world when a new coronavirus infection is being fought in all countries of the world. The World Health Organization and Rospotrebnadzor are carrying out systematic sanitary and educational work to inform citizens about the prevention of a new coronavirus infection. This study was conducted before the start of large-scale vaccination of the population, when the main structure of prevention was non-specific measures aimed at breaking the transmission of infection: social distance, disinfection measures, compliance with the mask regime. The study showed that residents of the Voronezh Region were reluctant to comply with the requirements of Rospotrebnadzor. At the same time, in large shopping centers, visitors were significantly more likely to have masks, and they wore them correctly. In public transport and small-scale retail stores, the structure of compliance with the mask regime was identical, with no significant differences. The resulting differences can be explained by the lack of strict control by public transport workers and small-scale trade enterprises over passengers and visitors.<br />Conclusions<br />1. The assessment of compliance with the mask regime in public places of the city of Voronezh in October 2020 showed that the majority of residents had protective masks (63.81%), including the correct wearing of the mask was observed in 41.08% of cases, 36.19% did not have masks.<br />2. The structure of compliance with the mask regime was the same in small-scale retail enterprises and in public transport, where only in a third of cases residents correctly wore masks (36.08% and 34.24%, respectively), almost in half of cases people did not have masks (43.41% and 45.11%, respectively), the rest wore masks incorrectly.<br />3. The structure of the mask regime in large shopping centers significantly differed from the structure in small-scale retail enterprises and in public transport (p0.0037 and below). In the shopping center, visitors were significantly more likely to wear masks, and significantly less likely to be without them. 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