Молодежный инновационный вестникМолодежный инновационный вестник2415-7805Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации6090Modern understanding of the physiological and pathophysiological role of the amino acid glycineDankovtsevRoman Yurievitsch<p>Student</p>dankovtzev.roma@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0379-47851512202092S3243261410202030122020Copyright © 2021, Молодежный инновационный вестник2021<p>Several decades ago, the function of glycine as a neurotransmitter of inhibitory processes in the central nervous system was described, its importance in the metabolism of proteins, ATP, heme, etc. was established. However, over the past years, many new scientific facts have accumulated about the previously unknown functions of glycine in the body, in particular in the development of CNS and the pathogenesis of certain diseases. The relevance of this study is due to the need to systematize the results of the latest scientific research on the functions of glycine.<br />Purpose: Analysis of foreign scientific studies published over the past decade, the generalization of their results, and presentation in the form of a review article.<br />Methods: Selection of the most informative scientific papers of a medical and biological profile devoted to the physiological and pathophysiological role of glycine, summarizing and summarizing data, writing a review article<br />Results: Based on the analysis of foreign studies, modern data on the physiological and pathological role of glycine are presented.<br />Conclusion: Over the past decade, several important discoveries have been made that explain the role of glycine in the pathogenesis of obesity, schizophrenia, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and non-ketotic hyperglycemia. The role of glycine and glycine receptors in the process of antenatal development of the embryonic nervous system is also described.</p>glycineglycine receptornon-ketotic hyperglycemiaглицинглициновый рецепторнекетотическая гиперглицинемия1.1. Glycine-Insulin Autocrine Feedback Loop Enhances Insulin Secretion from Human Cells and Is Impaired in Type 2 Diabetes / Yan-Do R., Duong E., Manning Fox J.E., et al. // Diabetes. – 2016. – Aug. 65(8). – Р. 2311-2321.2.2. Hypothalamus proteomics from mouse models with obesity and anorexia reveals therapeutic targets of appetite regulation / Manousopoulou A., Koutmani Y., Karaliota S., et al. // Nutr Diabetes. – 2016. – Apr. 25. – Р. 204.3.3. Pathophysiology of the glutamate and the glycine transporters: new therapeutic targets / Gimenez C., Zafra .F, Aragon C., et al. // Rev Neurol. – 2018. – Dec.16;67(12) – Р. 491-504.4.4. Multifarious Beneficial Effect of Nonessential Amino Acid, Glycine: A Review / Razak M.A., Begum P.S., Viswanath B., et al. // Oxid Med Cell Longev. – 2017. – 1716701.5.5. Ascenzi M. The building of the neocortex with non-hyperpolarizing neurotransmitters / Ascenzi M., Bony G. // Dev Neurobiol. – 2017. – Sep. 77(9). – Р. 1023-1037.