Молодежный инновационный вестник

2415-7805

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

10846

Conference Proceedings

Analysis of the causes of NSR calls to children under 5 years of age and the literacy of their parents in providing them with first aid in emergency situations

Slezina

Anna Vladimirovna

Associate Professor of the Department, Candidate of Medical Sciencesa.slezina@internet.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2454-0960

Moscow University "Synergy"

04112025

142139142

13042025

24042025

2025

The study is important because of the high rate of children seeking emergency care. Parents facing emergency situations should know how to provide first aid, which affects the outcome of injuries and acute conditions. The aim is to study the frequency of calls for children under 5 years of age and to assess the literacy level of the parents of these children in providing them with first aid. Materials and methods. A survey of 68 parents of children under 5 in the Moscow region using 18 questions. Methods of survey and statistical data processing were used. The results obtained. In 11 months of 2024, the ambulance service performed 54,449 visits to children under 5 years of age. Almost half of them are for infants, one third for young children, and one in five calls are for children aged 4-5 years. The main reasons for the complaints were high fever, digestive and respiratory disorders, as well as injuries. The most frequent calls came from parents of newborns and infants with fever and dyspepsia, from young children with respiratory disorders, and from children 4-5 years old with dyspepsia. Injuries, impaired consciousness, and seizures were observed equally in all age groups. Respondents: 80.9% of women, aged 18-40, with children under 5 years old. 75% consider themselves well-informed about first aid. However, only 22.1% know how to deal with a cut wound. At high temperatures, 69.1% are antipyretic, but only 16.1% are analgesic. More than half act incorrectly with nosebleeds and fainting, incorrectly assessing the importance of information about the consequences of an error (53.9%). Conclusions. Parents underestimate their own awareness in the field of first aid and need reliable information. The need to develop a booklet on first aid for parents before the ambulance arrives increases the relevance of the topic.

first aidchildrenemergency medical careawarenessparentsreasons for calls

первая помощьдетискорая медицинская помощьинформированностьродителипричины вызовов

Introduction. The relevance of the study is determined by the high rate of referral of the children's population to the emergency medical service for urgent reasons. Parents are most often the first to encounter emergency situations with their children, and their literacy in providing first aid to children in a similar situation can largely determine the consequences of injuries and emergencies. 2, 3, 5. The aim is to study the frequency of calls to children under 5 years of age and to assess the literacy level of the parents of these children in providing them with first aid. Materials and methods of research. The analysis of data from the EMIAS of the Moscow region on the frequency and reasons for the treatment of children under 5 years of age in the NSR service for the period from February to December 2024 was carried out. A survey of 68 parents living in the Moscow region was also conducted, which allowed not only to assess their literacy in providing first aid to children in emergency situations, but also to analyze their actions in such situations. The questionnaire consists of 18 closed and open-ended questions. The results of the study. According to EMIAS, in 11 months of 2024, the ambulance service performed 54,449 visits to children under 5 years of age, which is more than 90% of all calls to children from 0 to 18 years of age. In almost half of the cases, these were calls to infants, one third to young children, and one in five calls to children aged 4-5 years. The least frequent visits from NSR teams were to newborn children (Fig.1). Figure 1. Frequency of emergency medical calls to children under 5 years old, depending on age (data from the Moscow Region EMIAS) Over the course of 11 months, we saw that the frequency of calls to children in the first year of life was consistently higher compared to other ages. The greatest decrease in calls to this age category was observed in the summer months, the least in the winter months. The main reasons for contacting the NSR were high fever, digestive and respiratory disorders, as well as various injuries. An analysis of the causes of NSR calls to children, depending on their age, showed that most often the teams went to newborns and infants with high body temperature and dyspepsia, to young children with respiratory disorders and children 4-5 years old with dyspepsia. Injuries, impaired consciousness, and seizures occurred with approximately the same frequency in all age categories. (Fig. 2) Figure 2. Analysis of the causes of emergency medical care calls to children under 5 years of age, depending on age (data from the EMIAS of the Moscow region) When conducting a survey of parents, the sample included respondents with children under 5 years of age living in the Moscow region. These were mostly women over 30, and the largest number of male respondents were only in the 18 to 30 age group. Most of the respondents have higher education, one third have secondary vocational education, and 12 had secondary education. Parents referred to medical professionals as their preferred sources of information on first aid for children, and one in five referred to specialized literature, as well as forums and chats for parents on the Internet. At the same time, the majority of respondents consider themselves well-informed on these issues, especially respondents with secondary and higher education. Thus, most parents indicated that they could confidently provide first aid to a child with high fever and nosebleeds. Almost half with a cut wound, a quarter with fainting, and one in five with abdominal pain. A small proportion of parents were confident that they would be able to properly help with seizures. However, in a child's emergency situation, most parents call an ambulance or call the district pediatrician. This is especially true for parents with higher education. Home remedies are more often used by parents with secondary special education, and those with secondary education often found it difficult to answer this question. A detailed analysis of the actions of parents in the most frequent emergencies in children revealed the key mistakes of parents, which indicate their lack of awareness in this matter. So, in cases of subfebrile fever in a child, the use of medicines is observed unnecessarily, as well as the use of vinegar or alcohol solutions for wiping. In the presence of incised wounds, one in five survey participants does not treat the edges of the wound with antiseptic agents or applies alcohol antiseptics directly to the open wound. In situations with abdominal pain, more than a third of parents resort to the use of analgesics, while with seizures they prefer to hold the child and insert hard objects between the teeth. More than half of the respondents make the mistake of tilting the child's head back when a child has nosebleeds, and when they faint, they use ammonia, move the child from the place of fall, shake him, try to lift him up and slap his cheeks, placing him with the head end raised. The study indicates a significant interest on the part of parents in obtaining information related to first aid for children. Data analysis shows that the need for information on all aspects of this topic exceeds the current frequency of its receipt. In this regard, there is a need to develop appropriate educational programs and information materials. (Fig.3) Figure 3. Analysis of the causes of emergency medical calls to children under 5 years old, depending on age (parental survey data, n=68, in %) Conclusion. Thus, the results obtained indicate the need to raise public awareness of first aid for children in emergency situations. In this regard, at this stage of the study, an electronic resource is being prepared with memos for parents on first aid for the most common emergency conditions in children.

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