Молодежный инновационный вестник

2415-7805

Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации

10702

Conference Proceedings

Assessment of the Risk of Developing Hemic Hypoxia in Metallurgical Productionт

Gusev

Ilia Vladimirovich

ilagusev67882@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0002-1271-2198Tagirov

Gasan Rashidovich

gasan.tagirov2005@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0009-0006-0350-8725

Burdenko Voronezh State Medical University

25042025

14S1157159

09032025

25032025

2025

<p>Introduction: The accumulation of pathological forms of hemoglobin in the blood, including carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO), disrupts the gas transport function of hemoglobin and the oxygen supply to organs and tissues. This leads to the development of hemic hypoxia, with an increased risk of its occurrence. Objective: To assess the risk of hemic hypoxia in workers of the metallurgical industry by determining the concentration of HbCO. Methods: Venous blood samples were collected from metallurgical workers (n = 90). The concentration of HbCO and total hemoglobin was determined. Results: It was found that the concentration of HbCO does not depend on the concentration of total hemoglobin. One-third of the examined individuals exhibited a high risk of developing hemic hypoxia. Conclusion: Carbon monoxide (CO) has both exogenous and endogenous origins. Its accumulation occurs due to the formation of HbCO and its derivatives with myoglobin, as well as its binding to the cytochrome system, particularly in cardiomyocytes. The effects of CO, due to its accumulation, may manifest over a long period. The consequences of exposure can include the development of cardiovascular and nervous system diseases. At least 30% of the examined individuals are at risk of developing hemic hypoxia.</p>

hemic hypoxiacarboxyhemoglobinmetallurgical production

гемическая гипоксиякарбоксигемоглобинметаллургическое производство

<h3 data-start="0" data-end="22"><strong data-start="4" data-end="20">Introduction</strong></h3> <p data-start="23" data-end="1161">A high level of urbanization leads to artificial atmospheric pollution, increasing the risk of developing bronchopulmonary diseases [1]. Hemic hypoxia is a pathological condition characterized by impaired gas transport function of the blood despite normal total hemoglobin levels. This condition is associated with the disruption of hemoglobin's oxygen transport function. Several forms of hemoglobin are found in circulating blood: oxyhemoglobin, deoxyhemoglobin, carbhemoglobin, carboxyhemoglobin, and methemoglobin. The last two forms are pathological. The binding of heme to carbon monoxide or the oxidation of heme iron makes oxygen transport to organs and tissues impossible. The accumulation of carboxyhemoglobin (HbCO) depends entirely on the CO content in the inhaled air, although some amount of CO is produced endogenously [2]. The consequences of chronic CO accumulation in the blood, even at low concentrations (below 10%), can manifest clinically over years as heart diseases and neuropsychiatric disorders. Therefore, it is important to assess the risk of developing hemic hypoxia under hazardous occupational conditions.</p> <h3 data-start="1163" data-end="1182"><strong data-start="1167" data-end="1180">Objective</strong></h3> <p data-start="1183" data-end="1320">To assess the risk of developing hemic hypoxia in metallurgical industry workers by determining the concentration of HbCO in the blood.</p> <h3 data-start="1322" data-end="1353"><strong data-start="1326" data-end="1351">Materials and Methods</strong></h3> <p data-start="1354" data-end="1787">Biological material: whole venous blood from male metallurgical industry workers aged 2050 years (n = 90). The concentration of HbCO was determined spectrophotometrically [3] following the recommendations of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (1980). Total hemoglobin concentration was measured using a Swelab alfa hematology analyzer. Statistical data processing was performed using Microsoft Office Excel software.</p> <h3 data-start="1789" data-end="1815"><strong data-start="1793" data-end="1813">Research Results</strong></h3> <p data-start="1816" data-end="2162">The HbCO concentration varied over a wide range, from 3.8% to 18%. Data analysis revealed details that allowed the entire examined cohort to be divided into three groups based on HbCO concentration. The data on the degree of risk of hemic hypoxia development in metallurgical workers depending on HbCO concentration in the blood are as follows:</p> <ul data-start="2164" data-end="2591"> <li data-start="2164" data-end="2311"><strong data-start="2166" data-end="2193">Group 1 (HbCO 3.85.0%)</strong>: 20.0% of workers. The average total hemoglobin concentration was <strong data-start="2260" data-end="2275">1424.6 g/L</strong>. Risk of hemic hypoxia minimal.</li> <li data-start="2312" data-end="2453"><strong data-start="2314" data-end="2342">Group 2 (HbCO 5.310.4%)</strong>: 54.0% of workers. The average total hemoglobin level was <strong data-start="2401" data-end="2416">1406.4 g/L</strong>. Risk of hemic hypoxia moderate.</li> <li data-start="2454" data-end="2591"><strong data-start="2456" data-end="2483">Group 3 (HbCO 10.618%)</strong>: 26.0% of workers. The average total hemoglobin level was <strong data-start="2542" data-end="2558">15010.8 g/L</strong>. Risk of hemic hypoxia high.</li> </ul> <p data-start="2593" data-end="2820">As shown by the data, HbCO concentration in the blood was not interdependent with total hemoglobin concentration (r = -0.2). Thus, one-third of the examined cohort is predicted to have a high risk of developing hemic hypoxia.</p> <h3 data-start="2822" data-end="2842"><strong data-start="2826" data-end="2840">Conclusion</strong></h3> <p data-start="2843" data-end="3964" data-is-last-node="" data-is-only-node="">Carboxyhemoglobin is formed from both exogenous and endogenous CO (heme breakdown in the reticuloendothelial system, activity of intestinal bacteria). Carbon monoxide accumulates not only in the form of HbCO. Myoglobin, including that in cardiomyocytes, accumulates CO and releases it into the blood at a slower rate due to molecular characteristics and tertiary structure. Natural lung ventilation, regardless of vital capacity, cannot influence this process. Carbon monoxide also binds to other heme-containing molecules, such as mitochondrial cytochromes [4], primarily disrupting ATP production in cardiomyocytes. Given CO's ability to accumulate in biological structures, it is logical to assume that more than one-third of the examined workers are at risk of developing hemic hypoxia. Normally, HbCO concentration is about 6%, but in smokers, this level increases to 12% [5]. Considering that most workers smoke, an additional amount of CO enters the body. Thus, in the conditions of metallurgical production with all its harmful factors, at least 30% of workers are at significant risk of developing hemic hypoxia.</p>

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