Молодежный инновационный вестникМолодежный инновационный вестник2415-7805Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации10576Conference ProceedingsMorphological diagnosis of breast malignancies: from macroscopic imaging to immunohistochemical examination methodsAchapkinaSvetlana Nikolayevna<p>student</p>puzar.mila@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0009-3709-6177SarjyanVictoria Gnelovna<p>student</p>remol_dobronog@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0009-0007-5554-8988Petrovsky Medical University "Petrovsky National Research Center of Surgery"3006202514147500103202524032025Copyright © 2025, Achapkina S.N., Sarjyan V.G.2025<p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><em>The significant prevalence of breast cancer and high mortality from this disease necessitate further scientific research in the field of morphological diagnostics aimed at practicing clinical specialists. In scientific research devoted to oncomorphology, an important role is played by the epithelial-mesenchymal transition a reversible process of transformation of epithelial cells into mesenchymal ones, accompanied by the disintegration of intercellular connections, loss of cellular polarity, reorganization of the cytoskeleton and changes in gene expression, which increases cell mobility and their invasive capacity. In some types of malignant neoplasms, a program of incomplete epithelial-mesenchymal transition is realized, in which the cells retain some epithelial markers. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition is the process of returning cells to the epithelial phenotype with suppression of mesenchymal genes and activation of epithelial ones. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition is also realized in the oncogenesis of breast cancer. There are several subtypes of breast cancer: less aggressive luminal subtypes, and more aggressive triple-negative subtype.</em></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><em>To identify cells that have undergone epithelial-mesenchymal transition, the p66Shc marker can be used, as well as classical markers for determining the cell phenotype vimentin and E-cadherin. The aim of the study was to substantiate the diagnostic value of complex immunohistochemical examination in breast cancer in light of the phenomenon of epithelial-mesenchymal and mesenchymal-epithelial transitions. For the study, 10 mammary glands were selected after resection for breast cancer, of which 6 samples were of the luminal A subtype, 4 triple-negative.</em></span></span></p> <p><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><span style="font-size: large;"><em>The results of the study showed that with the luminal A subtype, the expression of the p66Shc protein is focal, with the triple-negative diffuse.</em></span></span></p>oncomorphologyepithelial-mesenchymal transitionbreast cancerонкоморфологияэпителиально-мезенхимальный переходрак молочной железы1.Han E, Choi HY, Kwon HJ, et al. Characterization of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and their spatial distribution in triple-negative breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res. 2024;26(1):180. Published 2024 Dec 6. doi:10.1186/s13058-024-01932-42.Mir HA, Ali R, Mushtaq U, Khanday FA. Structure-functional implications of longevity protein p66Shc in health and disease. Ageing Res Rev. 2020;63:101139. doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.1011393.Lamouille S, Xu J, Derynck R. Molecular mechanisms of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2014;15(3):178-196. doi:10.1038/nrm37584.Глушанков Н. А., Я И Житняк И. Я., Рубцова С. Н. Роль эпителиально-мезенхимального перехода в прогрессировании опухоли // Биохимия. 2018. Т. 83. № 12. С. 1469-1476.Н.5.Berx G, Van Roy F. The E-cadherin/catenin complex: an important gatekeeper in breast cancer tumorigenesis and malignant progression. Breast Cancer Res. 2001;3(5):289-293. doi:10.1186/bcr309.6.Gilles C, Polette M, Mestdagt M, et al. Transactivation of vimentin by beta-catenin in human breast cancer cells. Cancer Res. 2003;63(10):2658-2664.7.Thiery JP, Acloque H, Huang RY, Nieto MA. Epithelial-mesenchymal transitions in development and disease. Cell. 2009;139(5):871-890. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.11.0078.Moloney JN, Cotter TG. ROS signalling in the biology of cancer. Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2018;80:50-64. doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.05.0239.Jiang X, Stockwell BR, Conrad M. Ferroptosis: mechanisms, biology and role in disease. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2021;22(4):266-282. doi:10.1038/s41580-020-00324-8