Regional aspects of anti-drug education of students of natural sciences of Kursk and Voronezh regions in the new medical and social conditions of post-pandemic reality


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Abstract

Resume. Introduction. Drug addiction is a significant problem in the modern world. Federal legislation on health protection defines prevention as the sphere of competence of regional authorities, and in the regions of the Chernozem region, legal acts and targeted programs have been adopted that are different in content, but conceptually similar: they are all based on the priority of anti-drug education of young people, but different bodies and institutions are empowered to provide methodological support and practical implementation of thematic events. In this regard, there is a need for comparative monitoring of the indicators of various forms of anti-drug education in neighboring territories. The purpose of the work. To study the differences in the implementation and information content of work on the prevention of drug-related diseases among students of the natural science profile of the Kursk and Voronezh regions.  Materials and methods. In the Kursk region, within the framework of the project supported by the RSF grant №23-28-10301, a survey of 423 students studying in medical and biological specialties was conducted. The volume of a similar study conducted by Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko in its region amounted to 718 observations. In data processing, the calculation and comparison of the proportions of respondents for each position were used, with the calculation of confidence intervals at p≤0.05 and the assessment of the reliability of the data difference for the Kursk and Voronezh regions according to the Student's criterion. Results. The events most widely held in the Voronezh Region, which covered more than 30% of the surveyed students, are organized video screenings, including educational films, self–access to medical Internet resources, and face-to-face lectures by doctors. In the Kursk region, coverage rates of 30% or more were obtained for videos and speeches by medical workers directly in front of student groups. The approach itself in Kursk can be assessed as less centralized, since there is no such obvious group of leading events as in Voronezh. Conclusion. The data obtained indicate a more centralized nature of anti-drug work with natural science students in Voronezh and a greater variety of approaches to prevention in Kursk. Among students of medical and biological specialties of the Voronezh Region, involvement in research and journalistic work with independent study and analysis of professional information is much more common.

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Introduction. The spread of drug addiction directly depends on political, economic, epidemiological, social and other spheres [1, 2], and is also unevenly distributed not only across the territory of Russia, but also in the central Chernozem region [3, 4]. The coronavirus pandemic has become an unprecedented event and is regarded as a public health emergency, representing both a global medical problem and a general socio-psychological shock [5, 6, 7]. Federal legislation on health protection defines prevention as the sphere of competence of regional authorities, and in the regions of the Chernozem region, legal acts and targeted programs have been adopted that are different in content, but conceptually similar: they are all based on the priority of anti-drug education of young people, but different bodies and institutions are empowered to provide methodological support and practical implementation of thematic events. In this regard, there is a need for comparative monitoring of the indicators of various forms of anti-drug education in neighboring territories.
The purpose of the study. To study the differences in the implementation and information content of work on the prevention of drug-related diseases among students of the natural science profile of the Kursk and Voronezh regions.

Materials and methods of research. In the Kursk region, within the framework of the project supported by the RNF grant №23-28-10301, https://rscf.ru/project/23-28-10301/ , a survey of 423 students studying in medical and biological specialties was conducted. The volume of a similar study conducted by Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko made 718 observations on the territory of his region. Both samples are representative by gender, age, year of study of the respondents and the ratio of urban and rural population, and their volume is considered sufficient for fundamental and exploratory research with a significance level of 95% [8]. The questionnaire included questions on the choice of events in which respondents took part during 2022-2023, and events that were subjectively perceived by respondents as the most informative for them personally. In data processing, the calculation and comparison of the proportions of respondents for each position were used, with the calculation of confidence intervals at p≤0.05 and the assessment of the reliability of the data difference for the Kursk and Voronezh regions according to the Student's criterion [9].
Results. The events most widely held in the Voronezh Region, which covered more than 30% of the surveyed students, are organized video screenings, including educational films (41.6±3.7% of natural science students were covered), self–access to medical Internet resources (38.4±3.6%) and scientific publications (32.7±3.5%) and face-to-face lectures by doctors (32.8±3.5%). This group of measures can be considered an almost universal regional strategy for the Voronezh Region – at least one of these answers is found in more than 85% of respondents. In the Kursk region, coverage rates of 30% or more were obtained for videos (36.4±4.7%) and speeches by medical workers directly in front of student groups (32.1±4.5%); also, with coverage of more than ¼ of the studied category of youth, the leading forms of work included access to various Internet resources: websites of clinics and medical centers prevention (30±4.5%) and non-core electronic sources (25.3±4.2%). The approach itself in Kursk can be assessed as less centralized, since there is no such obvious group of leading events as in Voronezh.
Figure 1. Indicators of drug addiction prevention activities among natural science students
The Voronezh Region is statistically significantly superior to the Kursk Region in terms of the access of students of medical and biological specialties to professional Internet pages (38.4±3.6% vs. 30±4.5%, p≤0.05), printed publications (32.7±3.5% vs. 23.1±4.1%, p≤0.01). Most likely, this is due to the more active involvement of Voronezh students in educational, research and publication activities (22.5±3.1% versus 12.8±3.2% in Kursk, p≤0.01), which stimulates an active independent search for information. A similar effect can be produced by a larger-scale holding of thematic discussion platforms in Voronezh with the involvement of 12.6± 2.5% of natural science students versus 8±2.5% in Kursk (p≤0.05).At the trend level (the difference is more than 1%, but not statistically significant at p>0.05), the Voronezh Region is ahead of Kursk in terms of the use of video materials in working with students of medical and biological specialties (41.6±3.7% at 36.4±4.7% in Kursk) and all forms of social and legal education (for face-to–face events - 21.7±3.1% in Voronezh and 20.3±3.9% in Kursk; for remote – 12.5 ± 2.5% and 8.9±2.8%, respectively). A similar situation exists in terms of perception of the educational process itself as a preventive measure: For theoretical studies, the indicators were 18.9±2.9% of natural science students in Voronezh and 17.2±3.7% in Kursk, and organized communication with people with a history of addiction or clinical reviews of specialized patients "at the bedside" are relevant for 6±1.8% in Voronezh and 4.2±2% in Kursk. Comparisons in favor of the Kursk region turned out to be only in the form of trends. For example, Kuryans are more likely to turn to Internet projects of public associations and other non-medical structures and authors (25.3±4.2% versus 23.2±3.2% in Voronezh). Apparently, as a result, there is also a large discussion activity of Kursk biomedical students on the Internet (11.1± 3.1% compared with 8.4±2.1% in Voronezh). A slightly larger scale than in Voronezh, but again statistically insignificant, in the Kursk region there is also anti-drug volunteering, which involves 9.4 ± 2.8% of students in natural sciences, with an indicator in Voronezh of 7 ± 1.9%.The data characterizing the lectures of medical workers in full-time (32.8±3.5% in Voronezh and 32.1±4.5% in Kursk) and with the use of telecommunication technologies (22.8±3.1% and 22.9±4.1%, respectively) turned out to be almost equal. The proportion of students involved in the production of posters and sanitary bulletins is approximately the same – 13.1 ± 2.5% in Voronezh and 13.7±3.3% in Kursk.Shooting thematic video materials or filling electronic resources with students and personal medical consultations in both regions are rather one-time and "piece-by-piece" practices with coverage rates of less than 5% of students. And if this is understandable for creative work with video and Internet content, then receiving such data on doctors' consultations during annual occupational examinations indicates their extremely low activity in terms of personal prevention.
Conclusion. The data obtained indicate a more centralized nature of anti-drug work with natural science students in Voronezh and a greater variety of approaches to prevention in Kursk. Among students of medical and biological specialties of the Voronezh Region, involvement in research and journalistic work with independent study and analysis of professional information is much more common. Kursk students are characterized by a tendency towards higher social and educational activity and openness in online discussions.

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About the authors

Vladimir Igorevich Tymoshilov

Kursk State Medical University

Email: timoshilovvi@kursksmu.net
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4085-8111

Cand. of Med. Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Health, Organization and Economics of Healthcare at Kursk State Medical University

Russian Federation, 305004 Russia, Kursk, St. Karl Marx 3

Igor Alexandrovich Sertakov

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Email: IASertakov1994@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0007-3782-7465

Assistant of the Department of Pathological Anatomy at N.N. Burdenko State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation

Russian Federation, 394036 Russia, Voronezh, st. Studentskaya 10

Dmitry Valerievich Sviridov

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Email: sviridovroll29@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0005-1284-2939

Student, Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Russian Federation, 394036 Russia, Voronezh, st. Studentskaya 10

Alina Sergeevna Kornienko

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Email: as.kornienko@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6475-6478

Student, Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Russian Federation, 394036 Russia, Voronezh, st. Studentskaya 10

Andrey Mihailovich Zemskov

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Email: mzemscov77@icloud.com
ORCID iD: 0009-0003-3514-3562

Student, Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Russian Federation, 394036 Russia, Voronezh, st. Studentskaya 10

Alexei Vasilyevich Breusov

Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

Author for correspondence.
Email: ab69@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2335-3338
SPIN-code: 2499-6023

Head of the Department of Public Health and Health of the Institute of Continuing Education with the Training Center for Lean Technologies

Russian Federation, 6 Miklouho-Maklaya Street, Moscow, Russia, 117198

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