ANALYSIS OF PHARMACOLOGICAL ACTIVITY AND DEMAND FOR MEDICINES FOR THE TREATMENT OF CORONARY HEART DISEASE AMONG THE POPULATION OF THE VORONEZH REGION

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Discussion: The study identified the advantages and disadvantages of pharmacological groups:
1. Antiplatelet agents – slow down the process of thromboxane production, as well as platelet and erythrocyte aggregation. They reduce the ability of blood cells to stick together to the endothelium of blood vessels, improve blood flow and lower the surface tension of erythrocyte membranes. These medicines have a favorable price and are always available for sale. They are used to prevent complications of heart attack, stroke and artery blockage.
Advantages: reduction of the risk of thrombosis in patients with high risk of thrombosis; favorable price and availability for sale.
Advantages: reduce the risk of thrombosis in patients with high risk of thrombosis; have favorable prices, always available on sale.
Disadvantages: shortness of breath, hematomas, bleeding, allergic reactions, headaches; prescription leave in pharmacies.
2. Hypolipidemic agents – fibrate preparations reduce the level of triglycerides by 20-50% and reduce the synthesis of cholesterol, which leads to a drop in its content in the blood by 10-15%. In addition, they can compact atherosclerotic plaques, which increases their lumen.
Advantages: reduce the concentration of lipids in the blood, prescribe for the prevention of stroke, heart attack, blockage of arteries; the minimum number of contraindications.
Disadvantages: allergies, asthenia, back and joint pain; high prices; only one dosage form.
3. Nitrates and nitrate–like substances are drugs that can dilate blood vessels, affecting vascular walls and reducing their tone. This leads to an increase in the diameter of the vessels and an improvement in blood flow due to the release of nitric oxide, which binds to the SH groups of vascular cells. This leads to a decrease in calcium levels and an improvement in microcirculation. In patients, nitrates are useful for their ability to dilate systemic veins, arteries and arterioles, favorably affect coronary circulation and partially compensate for impaired endothelial function during nitric oxide metabolism [5].
Advantages: fast action, because isosorbide dinitrate is available in the form of powder for injection or spray, high efficiency in acute heart failure and myocardial infarction.
Disadvantages: possible addiction, drowsiness, headache and muscle pain, prescription, not always found in pharmacies.
4. Antihypoxants – improve the utilization of oxygen by the body and reduce the need for organs and tissues, eventually there is a restoration or reduction of violations of the energy-synthesizing function, as well as correction of energy-dependent processes in the cell and its specific functional activity.
Advantages: high efficiency in myocardial infarction, angina pectoris; the therapeutic effect is noticeable after 2 weeks of admission; increases resistance to physical exertion; minimum number of contraindications; affordable price.
Disadvantages: abdominal pain, constipation / diarrhea, low blood pressure, allergic reactions; inconvenience of use.
5. Drugs for lowering the pulse rate and antianginal agents – reduce the pulse rate and are antianginal agents, affect the cardiovascular system. They reduce the strength and heart rate, lower the tone of the smooth muscles of the vascular wall, which leads to an increase in oxygen delivery to the myocardium. This is achieved by reducing coronary resistance, eliminating coronary artery spasm, improving coronary blood flow and increasing collateral circulation.
Advantages: reduce the load on blood vessels and arteries, improves blood supply to cells, tissues, saturates them with oxygen, fast effect, favorable prices, suitable for long-term therapy.
Disadvantages: weakness, cramps, fatigue, redness of the face; the possibility of not being combined with many drugs (antibiotics, antifungal agents).
Results: After studying the reviews of pharmaceutical workers from different pharmacies, it can be concluded that acetylsalicylic acid preparations are effective for the treatment of coronary heart disease and their prevention. These drugs are also very popular among the population of the Voronezh region, as they are available and can be adapted to an individual dosage. In addition, the list of the most commonly prescribed drugs for the treatment of coronary heart disease includes Bisoprolol, which is the most popular means for reducing the pulse. This drug helps to reduce the heart rate and improve blood flow, which is especially important for patients suffering from coronary heart disease. Prevention also plays an important role in the treatment of coronary heart disease. It includes the following components: proper nutrition, physical activity, normalization of blood pressure, blood sugar control, elimination of hyperlipidemia and rejection of bad habits such as smoking and alcohol consumption. All these measures are aimed at reducing the risk of cardiovascular diseases and improving overall health
[6].
Conclusion.
As a result of the research, drugs were isolated for the treatment and relief of angina attacks. Among the population of the Voronezh Region, the most popular drugs from the group of antiplatelet agents are acetylsalicylic acid preparations: Cardiomagnil, Acecardol, Aspirin Cardio, Upsarin Upsa. These drugs are affordable and can be adapted to individual dosages, which increases their effectiveness in the treatment and prevention of coronary heart disease.

About the authors

Arina Alekseevna Volkova

Author for correspondence.
Email: arina.volkova.2002@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8953-3572
Russian Federation, 394036, Voronezh, Studentskaya str., 10

Kseniya Valerievna Bulgakova

Email: bulgakova.ks2309@mail.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5966-2226
Russian Federation, 394036, Voronezh, Studentskaya str., 10

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