THE INFLUENCE OF HARMFUL PRODUCTION FACTORS ON THE MORBIDITY OF EMPLOYEES OF PJSC "VORONEZH JOINT-STOCK AIRCRAFT COMPANY"
- Authors: Tyunina A.A.1, Popova M.M.1
-
Affiliations:
- Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N.Burdenko
- Issue: Vol 11 (2022): Materials of the XVIII International Burdenkov Scientific Conference on April 14-16, 2022
- Pages: 178-182
- Section: Военная и экстремальная медицина
- URL: https://new.vestnik-surgery.com/index.php/2415-7805/article/view/7117
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Abstract
Relevance: VASO is one of the largest aircraft manufacturing enterprises of the Russian Federation, whose main activity is aimed at the production and testing of aviation and military equipment. The paper discusses issues related to the influence of the main groups of harmful production factors on human health and its offspring, the causes of various occupational diseases, as well as the establishment of measures and methods of prevention. According to the results of the study, in the period from 2015 to 2019, 42 cases of occupational disease in 30 people were registered at PJSC VASO. 11 employees were diagnosed with 2 or more diagnoses during the study period, where the age range of morbidity ranged from 56 to 59 years.
Objective: To assess the impact of harmful production factors on the health status of employees of PJSC Voronezh Joint-Stock Aircraft Company in the period from 2015 to 2019 and to analyze occupational morbidity depending on the influence of harmful factors.
Materials and methods: Analysis of statistical data of Rospotrebnadzor in the Voronezh region on occupational morbidity.
Results: According to the data obtained, the greatest share in the structure of chronic occupational diseases among such professions as "assembler-riveter" and "fitter for the manufacture and fine-tuning of aircraft parts" is occupied by diseases associated with the effects of physical factors of production, where the leading nosological form in this group is currently professional sensorineural hearing loss - 52.25%, and in the general structure of occupational diseases, the share of this pathology reaches 25.56%. Conclusion: According to the data obtained, 30 employees have at least one occupational pathology, 11 of which were diagnosed with 2 or more during the study period from 2015 to 2019. The detection of vibration sickness and professional sensorineural hearing loss in the assembler-riveter and locksmith for the manufacture and fine-tuning of aircraft parts is due to the prolonged exposure to harmful production factors.A woman by profession "painter", whose work is regularly exposed to organic solvents, has been diagnosed with occupational respiratory diseases: "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", "bronchial asthma", "allergic rhinitis", which is associated with regular exposure to organic solvents. In order to prevent occupational diseases, a complex of organizational, technical, engineering, hygienic and therapeutic and preventive measures aimed at strengthening and preserving health has been carried out for a number of years.
Full Text
Relevance
The occurrence of diseases at the enterprise under the influence of production factors is one of the urgent problems among workers in any field of activity [1]. The concept of "harmful production factors" implies an adverse effect on human health and its offspring, and are also the cause of occupational diseases [2], [3]. The classification of these factors was approved by the Order of the Ministry of Labor of the Russian Federation No. 33N dated January 24, 2014 "On approval of the Methodology for conducting a special assessment of working conditions". According to the accepted gradation, the following groups of harmful factors are distinguished: physical (microclimate indicators), chemical (toxic substances of various aggregate state [4]), biological (pathogenic microorganisms) and the severity of the labor process-an indicator of the functional load on the body. [5]. In the order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 31 , 2020 No. 988n/1420n "On approval of the list of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors and works, during which mandatory preliminary medical examinations are carried out upon admission to work and periodic medical examinations", a list of occupational hazards is proposed, the destructive impact of which affects the health of employees of PJSC Voronezh Joint-Stock Aircraft Company, and thanks to the order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 27.04.2012 N 417n "On approval of the list of occupational diseases", we can confirm or deny the occupational disease of workers. In this article, we will consider the influence of production factors on the health of employees at the enterprise, as well as the relationship of these factors with occupational morbidity in the period from 2015 to 2019.
Voronezh Aviation Plant is one of the largest aircraft manufacturing enterprises of the Russian Federation, whose main activity is the manufacture and testing of aviation equipment, preferably the assembly, production and maintenance of such aircraft as IL-86 and Il-96, and military equipment, as well as the transportation of passengers and cargo. The above-mentioned enterprise has machine-building, chemical and electrical production, where mechanical assembly occupies the first rank of the technological process. The dislocation of the aircraft factory is due to the interrelated activities of mechanical (locksmiths, machine operators, painters, millers, drills, sharpeners), assembly (assemblers, riveters,) transport (packers, loaders) and procurement workshops (cleaners). In the mechanical workshops of JSC VASO, the following are carried out: turning, planing, drilling, milling, grinding, deployment, then all types of cold processing In the assembly rooms - mechanical assembly work. The final stage of assembly, at the enterprise we are considering, are the processes of painting, using automatic workshop and manual sprayers, and sealing. In the process of painting, an immeasurably important detail is the removal of corrosion and degreasing with the use of solvents. At this stage, the flushers are busy. The main professional group is a painter. The most significant tools in production are: a pneumatic hammer of impact or rotational action and a pneumatic drill, paint sprayers [6].
purpose
To assess the impact of harmful production factors on the health of employees of PJSC "Voronezh Joint-Stock Aircraft Company", to analyze occupational morbidity depending on the influence of harmful factors.
Tasks:
1. Analyze the regulatory documentation and characterize the professions of PJSC VASO according to the severity of the labor process.
2. To assess the relationship between the health status of employees and the employment sector and to give a comprehensive hygienic assessment of the working conditions of employees.
3. Evaluate the ongoing preventive measures aimed at reducing the impact of harmful factors on the health of employees.
To solve the tasks set out in this scientific work, the data of the Federal Service for Supervision of Consumer Rights Protection and Human Well-being on the occupational morbidity of employees of PJSC VASO for 2015-2019 were analyzed, as well as regulatory documents: SP 2.2.3670-20 "SANITARY and EPIDEMIOLOGICAL REQUIREMENTS FOR WORKING CONDITIONS", GOST 12.1.050-86 "SSBT. Methods of measuring noise in the workplace" CH 2.2.4/2.1.8.562-96 "Noise in workplaces, in residential, public buildings and on the territory of residential development", order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation and the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation dated December 31, 2020 No. 988n/1420n "On approval of the list of harmful and (or) hazardous production factors and works, during which mandatory preliminary medical examinations are carried out upon admission to work and periodic medical examinations", Order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 27.04.2012 No. 417n "On approval of the list of occupational diseases".
Analysis of statistical data of Rospotrebnadzor in the Voronezh region on occupational morbidity.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Analysis of statistical data of Rospotrebnadzor in the Voronezh region on occupational morbidity using the MicrosoftExcel 2010 software product.
Results
The greatest share in the structure of chronic occupational diseases is occupied by diseases associated with the influence of physical factors of production. At the same time, the leading nosological form in this group is currently professional sensorineural hearing loss – 52.25%, and in the general structure of occupational diseases, the proportion of this pathology reaches 25.56% [7].
During the studied 5-year period from 2015 to 2019, 30 employees of PJSC VASO were diagnosed with an occupational disease. Among them there are 29 men and 1 woman. The main professions of men with diagnoses of occupational diseases were: "assembler-riveter" and "locksmith for the manufacture and fine-tuning of aircraft parts". The predominant occupational diseases among men were: "vibration disease" and "occupational sensorineural hearing loss".
discussion
Professional sensorineural hearing loss is a gradual decrease in hearing acuity due to prolonged exposure to high-frequency industrial noise. The disease is characterized by dystrophic changes in the spiral organ and spiral ganglia, the occurrence of ischemia and nutritional disorders of sensitive cells [8].
Vibration disease is a primary chronic disease, the etiological factor of which is industrial local and general vibration, leading to neurohumoral, neurohormonal, reflex and regulatory disorders with the formation of systemic angiotrophoneurosis and manifested by damage to the nervous system, vasovegetative disorders, dystrophic disorders of the musculoskeletal system, visceropathy [9].
The pathogenesis of occupational pathologies is explained by the daily long-term exposure to broadband constant noise (85-98 dB) on employees, which is confirmed by the list of the main professions in production.According to literature data, local vibration levels during assembly work often exceed the normative values by 2-3 dB (30% of the norm) [6].Based on this, the work of the mechanical and assembly shops can be attributed to the 3.1 class of labor in terms of severity and tension. The woman (a painter by profession) was diagnosed with: "chronic obstructive pulmonary disease", "bronchial asthma", "allergic rhinitis". When performing degreasing and painting work, workers are exposed to organic solvents. This type of activity will also belong to the 3.1 class of labor [6].
Out of 30 people, 11 (which was 37%) had 2 or more occupational diseases. That is, 42 cases of various types of pathologies were recorded during the study period. At the same time, in 2015 and 2016, there were 14 cases of final diagnosis, which amounted to 33.3% each. For 2017 - 7 cases (16.7%), for 2018 - 4 cases (9.5%), for 2019 - 3 cases (7.2%), which indicates a decrease in the indicator of occupational morbidity.
In 2015, 66.7% of cases of occupational disease were diagnosed with occupational sensorineural hearing loss, vibration disease in 25% of cases, and respiratory diseases accounted for 8.3%. In 2016, "sensorineural hearing loss" accounted for 46% of occupational diseases, "vibration disease" -54%. In 2017: "professional sensorineural hearing loss" - 57%, "vibration disease" - 43%. In 2018: "professional sensorineural hearing loss" - 25%, "vibration disease" - 75%. In 2019: "professional sensorineural hearing loss" - 33%, "vibration disease" - 67%. All the diseases listed by us of employees of PJSC "Voronezh Joint-Stock Aircraft Building Company" are approved in the list of occupational diseases (order of the Ministry of Health and Social Development of Russia dated 27.04.2012 N 417n).
During the study period 2015-2019, the final diagnosis of occupational pathology was made to employees aged 52 to 65 years, where the average age of employees was 58.5 ± 1.12, the peak of the detected occupational morbidity occurred at the age of 56 to 59 years (the average age was 57.5 ± 0.65 years).
About the authors
Alina Alexandrovna Tyunina
Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N.Burdenko
Email: ya.alial@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8615-0960
SPIN-code: 9561-2401
Student
Russian Federation, Russia, Voronezh, Studentskaya str., 10, 394036Margarita Mikhailovna Popova
Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N.Burdenko
Author for correspondence.
Email: litochka1203@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3354-0340
SPIN-code: 2608-8439
Student
Russian Federation, Russia, Voronezh, Studentskaya str., 10, 394036References
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