Industrial practice of students of secondary vocational education and their potential readiness for professional activity in primary care

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Introduction. Training a competitive specialist is a priority task of any educational institution. Practical training of medical students is carried out within the framework of industrial practice, which is part of the modern educational standard of training. Currently, medical education is at the stage of its intensive development and transformation, where the main ultimate goal is the training of a competitive specialist [1]. It has already become an axiom that the future of the nation depends on the level of education in the country. The level of development of science, technology, social changes require new approaches to the training system in medical universities [2]. The very concept of "being a professional" is changing. And this also has a profound impact on the future role of a medical worker in society. The relationships that develop during medical practice between a medical worker and a patient are also changing. The priority task of higher education in our country is to prepare young people for high-quality specialized professional activity in the future [3]. A specific feature of medical secondary education is the need to teach students all the professional competencies that are necessary for practical activities after passing accreditation and receiving a diploma [4]. When preparing students majoring in Nursing, a very important skill is the ability to communicate with patients, primarily with their parents (if the patient is a child) or legal representatives. Of great importance is the ability to quickly assess the patient's condition and make decisions about the necessary manipulations and interventions. This applies to active learning methods in medicine and contributes to the formation of professional thinking [5].
Despite the active introduction of technical training tools into medicine, the classical system of domestic medical education remains relevant at present. The presence of a student at the patient's bedside, conducting a survey, examination together with a teacher, joint interpretation of the results of laboratory and other additional research methods leads to the formation of clinical thinking of a future medical worker [5].
Objective of the work To provide a rationale for conducting clinical work to develop competencies in mid-level medical personnel.
Materials and methods of research. Analysis of the clinical activity of students in the position of assistant to mid-level medical personnel.
Research results. We obtained the following results when analyzing the characteristics of the clinical work of students during industrial practice. Clinical practice for the position of assistant to mid-level medical personnel for students of the Institute of Nursing Education is the first step towards practical activities of students in a large medical institution. Since the 2023-2024 academic year, clinical practice has been integrated into the educational process along with other disciplines. Working in a surgical hospital, students understand from their own experience the importance of the work of nurses, since the outcome of recovery directly depends on the level of preparation for surgery and properly organized care in the postoperative period. Working in a surgical hospital, students gain many skills and abilities in caring for, rehabilitating such patients and they come to understand that a modern nurse is an accomplice in the treatment process, and not just a medical worker who carries out doctor's orders. The work of students as assistants to a ward and procedural nurse in a children's infectious diseases hospital has its own characteristics. As students, students have the opportunity to get acquainted with the clinical manifestations of infectious pathology in children. They conduct a survey, collect anamnesis, take smears, biological materials for research, fill out medical documentation, and carry out doctor's orders. In addition, they carry out dynamic observation of these children, the results of their treatment for two weeks, which is an important moment in the formation of clinical thinking of future nurses. Being with a mentor, who is a nurse with extensive work experience, they first acquire communication skills when communicating with patients.
The Law of the Russian Federation "On the Fundamentals of Health Protection of Citizens in the Russian Federation" (Article 77) speaks of the need to inform patients and their legal representatives about the participation of students in the provision of medical care and the right to refuse their participation. This is a necessary condition and here there are difficulties in obtaining such consent. But throughout the practice, students receive a sufficient amount of knowledge and acquire skills that they previously performed only in the conditions of the simulation center of the medical university.
Conclusion. As a result of conducting industrial practice as an assistant to mid-level medical personnel, future specialists of secondary vocational education have the opportunity to independently assess the necessary competencies and the role of the nursing process in the treatment of patients, master the necessary skills and abilities, expanding their understanding of the work of medical workers. Evaluation of the results of practice contains the results of communication skills, the ability to assess the condition and well-being of the patient, the ability to work with medical documentation, perform the skills of a procedural and post nurse, as well as theoretical knowledge in these areas.

About the authors

Tatyana Dmitrievna Selivanova

Voronezh State Medical University N.N. Burdenko

Email: marinasolunina@gmail.com
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1564-3629

1st year student of the Faculty of Medicine

Russian Federation, 394036, Russia, Voronezh, st. Studencheskaya, 10

Olga Alekseevna Panina

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Author for correspondence.
Email: media01@list.ru
ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7351-3638

Assistant at the Department of Nursing Organization

394036, Russia, Voronezh, st. Studencheskaya, 10

Ekaterina Valerievna Sergacheva

Voronezh State Medical University named after N.N. Burdenko

Email: olga.panina-2017@yandex.ru
ORCID iD: 0009-0000-8717-406X

Lecturer at the Department of Nursing Organization

Russian Federation, 394036, Russia, Voronezh, st. Studencheskaya, 10

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