Vol 18, No 1 (2015)

The role of student competition in the studying of discipline of normal physiology and the formation of common cultural and professional competencies as well as level of learning motivation rising in students are discussed. Stimulation of students' creative abilities and their desire to self-development are elucidated. The Olympics is regarded as a model of future professional activity and a mean of a system of logical thinking and critical analysis of the problem developing. The ability to apply the knowledge and skills in terms of competitive stress are described. The article concerns the question of the most talented students selecting by their involvement in research activity.

Writing a critical essay can be used as an individual problem-solving productive task for extramural self-contained students’ learning. It motivates students for profound studying of a subject, develops their intellectual and creative skills, analytical thinking and prepares them for research. Simultaneously the tutors are able to make amendments in content and methods of teaching in accord with the standards (FGOS).

The paper presents a complex multi-level system of formation of students' motivation to work independently on the course of normal physiology by mobilizing various cognitive abilities: from level recognition, reproduction and elements of logical thinking to solution of various situational problems.

Comparative analysis of reactive and personal anxiety with correlation Rhythmogram allowed to identify three basic forms of human adaptation to the action of stress: adaptation fully completed; adaptation is not complete, but occurs adequately; disadaptation - a violation of the adaptable possibilities of the organism.

It is now established that passive smoking during pregnancy increases the frequency and duration of slip-apnea in her baby. The aim of the study was to investigate the features of the functioning of the central mechanism for the generation of respiratory activity in neonatal rats who underwent in utero effects of passive smoking. The study was performed on the brain stem (BS) of newborn rats (n = 107) under conditions in vitro. Modeling of passive smoking was carried out by fumigation cigarette smoke females from 1 to 20 days of gestation. In BS of newborn rats undergoing prenatal passive smoking duration values respiratory cycle, amplitude and duration of the inspiratory discharge were significantly lower relative to the control data. Thus was established the influence of prenatal smoking on function of the respiratory center of newborn rats.

The levels of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) were studied in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of rats with different activity by results of open field test before and after immobilization stress. In control active rats’ group demonstrated a tendency to higher cfDNA level in comparison to passive and ambivalent ones, but we found no statistically significant differences between the groups. All experimental animals were divided into statistically significant groups with high and low total amount of CSF cfDNA. Proportions of rats with low amount of total CSF cfDNA among active and passive animals were 33 and 70%, respectively. After the emotional stress (ES) we found an inverse correlation between the changes in CSF aliquots’ volume and the changes in cfDNA concentration in stable and prone to stress animals’ groups. Our results indicate tight regulation of cfDNA levels in CSF and suggest that patterns we have identified are part of the mechanism of brain adaptation to stressful influences.

The aim of this study was to identify the shape and sizes of the sympathetic ganglia and form othe nerves of the superior cervical (SCG) and prevertebral ganglia. By anatomical data, SCG and prevertebral ganglia are already formed at birth. Form of the ganglia and the number of fibers in the SCG is changed during the development. We did not find age-specific differences in the fibers of the SCG.

We studied the features of brainwork and hemodynamic changes of students with projective, hyperthymic and pedantic accentuation (K. Leonhard) in comparison with non-accentuated students. Significant changes in the potency of brainwork, lead to a change in the number of errors and the stability of attention were found in representatives of various types of accentuation. At the same time during the test we showed changes of hemodynamics indices with specific features of different types of accentuation. Possible ways of implementation of psychosomatic relationships were discussed in this study.

The method of the factorial analysis studies behaviour of rats in the test "open field". Three interconnected factors are revealed: research activity, it is anxiety-fobichesky disbalans and an emotionality status. On the basis of the received results the factorial model of behaviour of rats is created.

It is shown that in the initial state mental performance indicators are distinguished representatives of different types of GNI. Listening to music, VA Mozart has a positive effect on the dynamics of the performance, which depends on the initial background. Noting the negative impact of rock music on the dynamics of mental health.

The articles give results of the studying of the study of indicators of heart rate variability and simple visual-motor reaction by children 6-12 years after the passage of the speleoclimatotherapy. The course of speleoclimatotherapy increases the adaptive capacity of the cardiovascular system of the child's body. Autonomic balance is normalized after the course SKT.

Neuropeptide Y (NPY)-containing fibers and intramural ganglionic neurons, as well as Y1, Y2 and Y5 receptors to NPY were detected in the myocardium of rats using immunohistochemical methods. The obtained data suggest age-dependent changes of the NPY-mediated heart innervation. The density of NPY-positive fibers was the least in newborn animals and increased in first 20 days of life. Y1, Y2 and Y5 receptors were found in the heart of newborn and more adult rats. Y1 and Y5 receptors were observed in the coronary arteries, arterioles and cardiomyocytes from the moment of birth. Density of Y2 receptors was very low in the cardiac muscle of young and adult rats but substantially increased in aged animals. All intramural ganglionic neurons were Y1 and Y5-positive and Y2-negative in the postnatal ontogenesis.

In the article presents data about the relationship between motivation to succeed, psychological status and physical health status of students. Noted that the step of applying for admission associated with activation of the sympathetic nervous system - mobilization of all resources of the body. Revealed that the level of situational and personal anxiety is higher by not enrolled students. In addition, for this category of persons increased reaction time of hand-eye coordination, indicating a pronounced labiality processes in the CNS.

In experiments on rats studied electrical activity (EA) departments gastroduodenal complex (GDC) in experimental ulcer formation. Revealed an increase in the frequency components of the EA GDK within seven days after the simulation acetate ulcers and the presence of two phases in the change of the amplitude of the EA. The most pronounced damage accompanied by a higher degree of conjugation EA GDK.

The aim was to study the characteristics of central mu-opioid receptors under peripheral administration of these ligands which does not penetrate the blood-brain barrier. The study of the binding activity of the mu-opioid receptor was determined by radioligand binding assay. The opposite effect of loperamide and naloxone methiodide on density of mu-opioid receptors in the frontal cortex of rats was detected. These findings support the hypothesis on reciprocal interactions between the central and peripheral components of the endogenous opioid system

Parameters of heart rate of 10 volunteer's, which was recorded during the performance of the computer test called “reaction of the movement object”, were recorded and analyzed. Cardiac rhythmic features were isolated and significant correlation between the duration of the single RR-intervals and efficiency of operators was found. Based on the analysis results of the study, we concluded that the operator's heart rate variability reflects features of the central organization of the functional system operator's activity and parameters of behavioral results.

In experiments on 25 mongrel dogs studied the dynamics of changes in central hemodynamics (cardiac index and stroke work index of the left ventricle) and features bioelectric activity of afferent cardiac vagal fibers (Baas) in modeling the animals hemorrhagic shock (BP = 50/40 mm Hg. Art .) by fractional blood loss and treat their hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). It was found that the activation of Baas after exposure to HBO was accompanied by the restoration of violated in posthemorrhagic period of blood circulation (cardiac index and normalization of myocardial contractility). The important role of hyperbaric oxygen as a factor in the mobilization of the reflex adaptive responses of the cardiovascular system in acute shortage of blood in the body is shown.

According to theory of functional systems proposed by P.K. Anokhin and elaborated by K.V. Sudakov psychoemotional stress originates in conflict situations when living organisms are deprived in their abilities to satisfy their needs. Experimental data suggest that immune factors contribute to homeostatic load not only as antigen indicators but also as regulators of physiological functions among other well-known biologically active substances as hormones and others. Speciality of such role of immune factors and antibodies is that they regulate long lasting adaptive reactions with long periods of evolution. Our experimental data presented in paper suggest that antibodies to neuromediators which are stimulated by neuromediators with BSA conjugates immunization specifically influence hippocampal neurochemical integrity of psychoemotional stress with long lasting effect. This influence of antibodies to neuromediators is accompanied by alterations of motivational hierarchy of behavior after stress, by modifications of hormonal stress reactions and by variations of stress induced target organ reactions.

The complex assessment of heart rate variability in adolescents Russian and Turkmen ethnic groups living in the Stavropol region. The parameters of statistical, spectral analysis, variation pulsometry and index activity of regulatory systems. The findings suggest that enhancing sympathetic effects on the heart rate and stress regulatory mechanisms in the body of teenagers are more pronounced in Russian teenagers.

The article analyzes the impact of change on exam stress and psycho-emotional state of autonomic regulation in different phases of ovarian - menstrual cycle. The data on indices increase personal and situational anxiety, as well as the activation of the sympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system in the luteal phase of the ovarian - menstrual cycle, suggesting that the expression of intense adaptation possibilities in a given period of the cycle.

The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension of the managers of rail transport is associated with increased sympathoadrenal activity and lipid metabolism disturbances. Combination therapy nebivolol and zofenopril reduces autonomic imbalance by improving lipid metabolism.