No 9 (2002)

The mental state of the patient undoubtedly affects the features and intensity of the pain syndrome, all this indicates the appropriateness of using psychocorrection in the treatment of patients with prolonged pains, including those caused by osteochondrosis of the spine. It is shown that the inclusion of psychotherapy in a complex of therapeutic measures really allows to reduce the severity of the pain syndrome [7-9]. One of the most effective and available for the practice of health care is psycho-relaxation therapy using biofeedback devices (BFU). In a number of works [7, 12, 13] it was shown that the course of BOS leads to an increase in tolerance to stressful effects, a decrease in the severity of mental changes, a decrease in the level of anxiety, depression, and a reduction in the severity of headaches.

In the development and progression of asthma, psychological and behavioral factors play a significant role [4, 5, 7-9]. The state of psychoemotional tension leads both to the dysregulation of the hormonal and immune systems with the development of secondary immunodeficiency, and to the development of psychosomatic diseases [2, 11, 15]. Regularities of psychoneurological relationships in asthma determine the need to include in the system of therapeutic and prophylactic measures in BA methods of psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological correction, which will improve the quality of life in asthma.

The prevalence of asthma according to the ISAAC program among children aged 13-14 years varies from 2.6% to 4.8% (A.Sewart, 1997, D. Strachan, 1997). BA is not only a common, but also a dangerous pathology, leading to disability, and sometimes dramatic outcomes. It is known that chronic bronchopulmonary diseases in children can lead to a disruption of physical development, primarily, a body mass deficit. On the other hand, a number of authors (Aisanov ZR, 1999) found that a disturbed nutritional balance with respiratory pathology leads to a decrease in the production of surfactant, a violation of the clearance of bacteria by the lungs. There is evidence that the work of the respiratory muscles is largely due to the nutritional diet (Ascanasi, 1982). The reduction in diaphragm mass in patients with malnutrition occurs in proportion to the patient's weight loss (Palang et al. 1993).

The study of oxidation-reduction and free-radical reactions is widely used in medicine to study the course of certain pathological processes. One of the recent direct methods for studying free radicals, active forms of oxygen and the reactions in which they participate, is the method of studying the intrinsic and activated chemiluminescence (CL) of blood cells [1]. The intrinsic CL accompanying the oxidation-reduction reactions is characterized by low intensity, therefore it is more convenient to study CL in the presence of activators, which intensify the luminescence many times, the most popular of which is luminol. CL is a rather capricious reaction, extremely sensitive to changes in the pH of the medium and to foreign impurities. Therefore, it seemed to us interesting to study not only quantitative characteristics, but also the spectrum of luminescence.

In the last decade, the survival rate of premature infants significantly increased. One of the factors contributing to the improvement of survival is the administration of glucocorticoids to women with a threat of miscarriage at 24-34 weeks of gestation. The study of the effect of dexamethasone courses on the incidence of children showed that antenatal dexamethasone promotes the maturation of the fetal lungs and reduces the risk of developing the respiratory distress syndrome (SDR), the severity of intraventricular hemoglobulin (IVH) in intramuscular neonates, the risk of periventricular leukemal cysts, , Regulates erythropoiesis, has an immunomodulatory effect (LR Ment, W. Oh 1995, ECQuist-Fherson 1999, B.Chen 1999, MGErvin, JFPadbury 2000). However, there are data on the negative effect of antenatal glucocorticoids on the fetus.

In recent years, the prevalence of bronchial asthma continues to increase, having a significant impact on children and their families, decreasing the quality of life of patients, and further restricting work capacity. Being a chronic disease, bronchial asthma leads to the emergence of emotional and psychological problems in patients. Conducting classes in an asthma school in combination with individual and group psychotherapy can improve the psychological state of patients, harmonize pathological types of attitude to their disease, including also a transition from one type to another, more favorable in its course, taking into account the premorbid personality traits. This type of treatment can act as a step-by-step stage of psychotherapeutic assistance to patients.

The identification of personality, psychological, behavioral and social factors associated with the onset and progression of coronary heart disease (IHD) [1] is an urgent problem, since "traditional" risk factors (smoking, overweight, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia) can not explain A significant proportion of cases of IHD in the population [2]. Alexitimia (A), as a psychological characteristic of the patient's personality, is increasingly used by clinicians in differential diagnosis of psychosomatic states of cardiac patients [3]. The effectiveness of psychopharmacological correction in patients with stable angina pectoris and alexithymia means the possibility of secondary prevention of IHD in such patients.

Many authors point to the connection of nodular formations with the possibility of cancer in them up to 30%, then early surgical intervention is the only correct method of treatment. Until now, there is still no unified procedure for the operation and an elaborate setting for the scope of surgical intervention. Most surgeons perform operations in the volume of intracapsular resections with a ligation of the thyroid vessels intracapsularly to prevent traumas of the parathyroid glands and the recurrent nerve. Despite significant successes in the surgical treatment of highly differentiated forms of cancer and nodular thyroid formations, patients often suffer from postoperative complications, one of which is postoperative hypoparathyroidism. In this scientific work, we have attempted to evaluate the existing method of extrafascial hemithyroidectomy from a new perspective.

The disease, known as the "ingrown nail", which affects, as a rule, the first finger on one or both feet, is widespread. The nail, growing in its circumference with the lateral margin in the okolonogtevoj roller, promotes the manifestation of pressure sores, sores, infection and the development of inflammation. The causes of the disease are not fully revealed.

The risk of diseases of the liver, gall bladder, bile ducts is significantly increased in workers of enterprises, in the production cycle of which there are toxic chemical agents [4]. Among the diagnostic measures to identify these diseases, one of the main places is ultrasound [3]. For this survey technique, high information content, painlessness, and non-invasiveness are characteristic.