No 87 (2022)
- Year: 2022
- Articles: 14
- URL: https://new.vestnik-surgery.com/index.php/1990-472X/issue/view/164
Articles
INVESTIGATION OF D-DIMER VALUES IN PATIENTS WITH OSTEOARTHRITIS OF THE KNEE JOINTS WHO HAVE UNDERGONE CORONAVIRUS DISEASE COVID-19
Abstract
26 patients, 20 women and 6 men, 64,2±2,2 years old with ostearthritis of the knee joints (main group) who had a new coronavirus infection COVID-19 of mild severity 3 months before the examination were examined. The quantitative indicators of D - dimer and joint pain were evaluated on a visual analog scale (VAS). Significantly higher D-dimer values were shown in the group of patients who had COVID-19, correlated with joint pain and signs of inflammation when compared with patients who did not have the new COVID-19 coronavirus infection.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):4-8
4-8
AGE-DEPENDED CHANGES OF LEUKOCYTE INDICES IN COVID-19
Abstract
A novel coronavirus infection is especially dangerous for elderly and senile patients. Rapid randomization of patients, assessment of the severity and state of general homeostasis requires the use of effective and simple laboratory markers, namely integral leukocyte indices. The evaluation of hematological indices of endogenous intoxication (leukocyte index of intoxication by Ya. Kalf-Kalif, leukocyte index of intoxication by B.A. Reis, leukocyte-ESR ratio, blood leukocyte shift index and lymphocyte index) and indices of nonspecific reactivity and resistance (neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, neutrophil-to-monocyte ratio, lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio, agranulocyte-to-ESR ratio, immunoreactivity index and body resistance index) were assessed in 210 patients with COVID-19 averaged 57.4±14.3 years. The obtained results showed that a more significant change in the indices of endogenous intoxication is typical for patients of older age groups. In young and mature ages the level of nonspecific reactivity and resistance of the body is higher than in the elderly and senile. In all age groups there was a limitation of adaptation reserves for a new coronavirus infection.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):9-15
9-15
PREVALENCE OF RISK FACTORS PREDISPOSING TO THE DEVELOPMENT OF HYPERTENSION IN RURAL AREAS
Abstract
The prevalence of risk factors predisposing to the development of hypertensive disease (GB) among patients living in urban or rural areas has been studied. It was found that compared with patients with GB and living in the city, rural residents were more likely to have obesity (62.5% of the number examined), hypodynamy (62.5% of the number examined) and alcohol abuse (31.25% of the number examined). In patients with GB living in the city, predisposing factors such as an aggravated history and excess body weight were more common.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):16-19
16-19
FEATURES OF THE INTESTINAL MICROBIOME IN PATIENTS WITH CORONARY HEART DISEASE AND METABOLIC DISORDERS
Abstract
The increase in the number of non-communicable pathologies worldwide is associated with an increase in diseases of the cardiovascular system, including coronary heart disease. The development of this condition is based on coronary atherosclerosis, the risk factors of which are endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, etc. A direct relationship between intestinal microbiota and dyslipidemia, the course of which determines the severity of the pathological process, has also been revealed.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):20-24
20-24
ASSESSMENT OF INDICATORS OF OXIDATIVE STRESS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS WHO HAVE SUFFERED AN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION
Abstract
Myocardial infarction and diabetes mellitus are the diseases that are the most common and often combined in both young and old patients. In patients with myocardial infarction, diabetes mellitus occurs in 20% of cases, which significantly worsens the severity of the course. Myocardial dystrophy is the result of involvement in the atherosclerotic process of the coronary arteries. In diabetes mellitus, it develops not only as a result of insufficient supply of oxygen to the myocardium and impaired coronary circulation, but also due to general metabolic disorders in the human body. It is also worth noting that in diabetes mellitus, due to a lack of insulin, the myocardium poorly utilizes proteins, fats, and carbohydrates. The aim of the study was to study the relationship of clinical and biochemical parameters in patients with AMI and suffering from diabetes.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):25-28
25-28
ASSESSMENT OF READINESS FOR PROFESSIONAL AND PEDAGOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY STUDENTS
Abstract
Presents the results of a study conducted among medical university students to determine their readiness for professional and pedagogical development using the methods of Fetiskin N. P., Kozlov V. V., Manuylova G. M. Modern society requires a specialist not only to possess professional knowledge and skills, but also constant motivation for personal development and growth, renewal and self-improvement. Such aspects of professional activity have always been relevant for doctors. Clinical medicine is one of the most dynamically developing specialties. A competent doctor should be guided in his work by modern clinical recommendations, the principles of evidence-based medicine, and the results of multicenter studies. During the period of study at a medical university, students should regularly demonstrate the importance of updating knowledge and developing personal motivation for professional development. The competence-based approach, which is implemented at the higher medical school, requires internally motivated activity from the student and provides high-quality training of specialists.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):29-33
29-33
A CLINICAL CASE OF NEW CORONAVIRUS INFECTION IN A PREMATURE NEWBORN
Abstract
In connection with the epidemic spread of a new coronavirus infection in the world and the Russian Federation, children of different age groups, including newborns, are increasingly involved in the infectious process. Under observation was a child born prematurely at 34 weeks of gestation from a mother infected with SARS-COV-2, carrying the infection asymptomatically. Despite the immediate isolation of the child in the delivery room and the absence of contact with an infected mother, there was a development of a new coronavirus infection in a child with the detection of SARS-COV-2 RNA in nasopharyngeal swabs on the 3rd day of life. The clinical picture showed the development of respiratory disorders, CT 3 (56%) the volume of lung tissue damage and prolonged isolation of the virus from the nasopharynx. In laboratory tests, an increase in ferritin, D-dimer. Against the background of ongoing therapy, the state with positive dynamics, the child was discharged in a satisfactory condition.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):34-39
34-39
ANALYSIS OF THE MAIN PRINCIPLES OF MERCHANDISING FOR A PHARMACY ORGANIZATION
Abstract
Theoretical and practical issues of the application of the basic principles of merchandising in pharmacy organizations are considered. The article highlights the main directions of the flow of movement of buyers, the differences in the calculations of open and closed types are indicated, the features of the design of checkout zones of pharmacy organizations in the city of Voronezh are analyzed. The main objective of merchandising is to increase sales from the existing trading platform, while maintaining and increasing customer satisfaction from the purchase process. The peculiarity of merchandising in pharmacy organizations is the focus on over-the-counter drugs and parapharmaceutical products, i.e. those goods that the consumer can choose himself.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):40-44
40-44
EVALUATION OF THE RATIONALITY OF PRESCRIBING PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS IN CARDIOLOGICAL PATIENTS
Abstract
The use of antiplatelet drugs in patients with coronary heart disease is associated with an increased risk of gastroduodenal bleeding. The most effective method of preventing these complications is the appointment of proton pump inhibitors. As the study showed, the choice of pantoprazole as a preventive agent was rational due to the low risk of drug interaction with clopidogrel. In the study group of patients (n=200), a low frequency of unjustified use of pantoprazole was noted - in 4.5% of cases. The drug was used in patients with stable coronary artery disease who received monotherapy with an antiplatelet agent and had one small risk factor for gastrointestinal complications - concomitant GERD disease or age 60 years and older, that is a low risk of gastrointestinal bleeding. At the same time, erroneous prescriptions of PPI were 3.5 times more common in patients of the older age group compared with younger people. It is necessary to more clearly follow the recommendations for determining indications for the prophylactic administration of PPI to patients receiving antiplatelet therapy, especially elderly and senile people.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):45-51
45-51
INFLUENCE OF COMORBIDITY ON THE COURSE OF CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has common risk factors and pathogenetic mechanisms with cardiovascular diseases, which underlies the comorbidity of these pathologies, which causes the lack of symptom control and frequent exacerbations of COPD. The article analyzes the frequency of comorbid pathology in patients with varying degrees of severity of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the significance of multiple comorbidities based on the Charleston comorbidity index to determine the possibilities of a controlled course of the disease using scientifically based tools recommended by Russian and international recommendations. It is shown that not only the degree of spirometric disorders, but also a high comorbidity index determine the clinical symptoms and the frequency of exacerbations of the disease.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):52-59
52-59
COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA: ASSESSMENT OF THE MEDICINE STUDENTS’ KNOWLEDGE WITH MODERN CLINICAL RECOMMENDATIONS (RESULTS OF PART 1 OF THE KNOCAP-II PROJECT)
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common diseases of the respiratory system in all countries of the world [1]. Despite availability of modern antibiotics and effective vaccines, it remains potentially life-threatening condition. In general, the mortality rate from pneumonia is on the 4th place among the causes of death and currently is from 2-5%, reaching 35% or more for hospitalized in ICU of the elderly. Mortality continues to increase in connection with aging of the population. Adequate and timely diagnosis and therapy is the key to success in patient recovery and risk reduction late and early lethal outcomes [1, 2]. The aim of the research is to determine the level of senior medical students’ basic knowledge concerning etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of CAP; and to assess the compliance of knowledge with modern clinical guidelines. This article presents the results of multicenter anonymous Prospective surveys aimed at assessing knowledge of the main issues of diagnosis and treatment of GP in undergraduate students medical institutions. The study involved 270 students of 5 and 6 education years from Belgorod, Voronezh, Dnepr, Kiev, Chelyabinsk and Saratov in 2017-2018. The results are quite disappointing: only 27,8% students were able to indicate the main causative agent of the CAP; choose vaccine prophylaxis as the only highly efficient method 64,5% of respondents; 35,7% correctly indicated syndrome of pulmonary tissue consolidation as the main diagnostic sign when examining the patient with EP; correctly determined the diagnostic minimum examination of a patient with a CAP of 11,6%; that absence or inaccessibility of roentgenologic confirmation of focal infiltration in the lungs makes the diagnosis of "inaccurate / uncertain" know only 41,8% students; 24,4% - were able to correctly indicate the period of re-holding X-ray examination with positive dynamics of CAP; 61,3% know that there is no reason to delay the initiation of antimicrobial therapy (AMT) whit a confirmed diagnosis of CAP; 33,7% of the respondents correctly identified the main criterion for the termination of AMT; 61% are aware of the issues "Stepwise therapy"; more than 90% of students could not properly allocate typical mistakes in the starting AMT, and also made an error in the appointment of an adequate treatment of a mild and moderate CAP.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):60-70
60-70
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF HYPERVENTULATION SYNDROME ASSESSMENT IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC HEART FAILURE OR ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROME AGAINST DIABETES MELLITUS
Abstract
The results of assessment of actual frequency of occurrence and clinical significance of hypervpertaining syndrome in three groups examined are presented: practically healthy young persons, elderly patients with chronic heart failure and patients with acute coronary syndrome occurring against the background of diabetes mellitus. The actual incidence of hypervpertaining syndrome was higher in all three groups than described in most known study results. In addition, its presence is somatically significant in patients with any cardiac status, and the role of hypervpertaining syndrome increases with increasing severity of cardiovascular lesions. This causes negative consequences for conditionally healthy young people. For patients with chronic heart failure, such consequences should also be considered clinically significant negative. For patients with acute coronary syndrome against the background of type 2 diabetes mellitus, the presence of hyperviculation syndrome is accompanied by a deterioration in the course and outcome of the disease. The results obtained can be recommended for use in the practice of specialists in the clinic of internal diseases.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):71-76
71-76
RISK ASSESSMENT OF INEFFICIENCY AND A MODEL FOR PREDICTING THE EFFICACY OF ANTIHYPERTENSIVE PHARMACOTHERAPY INCLUDING QUERCETIN AND DIHYDROQUERCETIN IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION
Abstract
The article shows that an increase in the effectiveness of treatment of patients with arterial hypertension stage II is ensured by the inclusion of dihydroquercetin in standard antihypertensive pharmacotherapy, which effectively reduces (p<0.001) office systolic and diastolic blood pressure to normotonic values at the end of the second week of treatment. Based on the constructed mathematical model, it was found that the risk of treatment failure is due to three factors: the method of therapy, the initial value of systolic blood pressure, the initial value of diastolic blood pressure, the sensitivity of the model is 74.1% (95% confidence interval (CI) 63.1% -83.2 %), specificity - 88.4% (95% CI 74.9% -96.1%), it was found that when standardized by risk factors, the use of a combination of standard antihypertensive pharmacotherapy + dihydroquercetin can reduce (p = 0.04) risk of treatment failure, odds ratio = 0.3 (95% CI 0.1-0.9) compared with standard pharmacotherapy alone.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):77-84
77-84
ANALGESIC ACTIVITY OF NEW CYANOTHIOACETAMIDE DERIVATIVES IN THE HOT PLATE TEST
Abstract
The issues of the presence of analgesic activity in the spectrum of pharmacodynamic effects of new cyanothioacetamide derivatives were studied. Synthesized by us on the basis of the research laboratory "Chemex" of Lugansk State University named Vladimir Dahl” 250 new derivatives of 1,4-dihydrothiopyridines were subjected to virtual bioscreening using the Swiss Target Prediction software package. Screening studies in vivo on white rats were carried out on 8 samples of 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives in the classic hot plate test in comparison with the reference drug metamizole sodium (analgin). The compounds were administered intragastrically at a dose of 5 mg/kg 1.5 hours before placing the rats on the hot plate. Compounds with laboratory codes d02-149 (6-[(2-anilino-2-oxoethyl)thio]-5-cyano-N-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(2-furyl)-2-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide); d02-139 (5-cyano-N-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-4-(2-furyl)-6-({2-[(4-methoxyphenyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}thio)-2-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide); d02-168 (5-cyano-N-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-6-({2-[(4-fluorophenyl)amino]-2-oxoethyl}thio)-4-(2-furyl)-2-methyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3-carboxamide), which are 1.5-2.45 times more effective then analgin.
Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ). 2022;(87):85-92
85-92