Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ)Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ)1990-472XФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Воронежский государственный медицинский университет имени Н.Н. Бурденко" Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации1095110.18499/1990-472X-2025-26-2-113-120An immunobiochemical variant of the course of
a new coronavirus infection with a symptom of anosmiaKostenkoStanislav<p>PhD, Head of the Immunological Laboratory</p>kostenko@aidsvrn.ruTulinovaIrina Anatolievna<p>Chief Medical Officer</p>tulinova@aidsvrn.ruMuhaTatyana Anatolievna<p>Deputy Chief Physician</p>muha@aidsvrn.ruKostenkoDmitry Stanislavovich<p>the resident</p>kostenko.dmitrij2012@yandex.ruBUZ VO "Voronezh Regional Clinical Center for AIDS Prevention and Control"VSU Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution1011202526211312003072025Copyright © 2025, Medical Scientific Bulletin of Central Chernozemye (Naučno-medicinskij vestnik Centralʹnogo Černozemʹâ)2025<p>Anosmia or hyposmia, a complete loss or weakening of the sense of smell, is a characteristic symptom of an acute infection caused by a new coronavirus infection. There are two possible mechanisms for the development of anosmia. The first is a lesion of olfactory sensory neurons, the second is a pronounced inflammatory reaction in the mucous membrane of the olfactory zone, indirectly affecting the functions of neurons. The immunological pathogenicity of COVID‐19 is complex. This may be due to both the virulence of SARS‐CoV‐2 and the lack of temporal coordination between innate and adaptive immune responses. SARS‐CoV‐2 triggers both innate and adaptive immune responses too strongly, which can lead to tissue damage. The mechanisms of damage to the central nervous system in COVID-19 are complex and multifaceted, and often contradictory. Like other diseases, the new coronavirus infection can occur with different phenotypes and endotypes. 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